The eukaryotic chromosomes are intricately folded in the 3D nuclear space, forming structures that depend on the genomic region, cell type, and species. The 3D genome architecture is the basis for all DNA-based reactions (transcription, replication, repair) and is tightly linked to cell identity. In addition, the units of the 3D genome architecture are conserved across species, and hierarchical genome structure units ranging from nucleosomes to chromatin loops, TADs (topologically associating domains), and A/B compartments have been observed in various species. These 3D structural units emerge during early embryogenesis and change dynamically throughout the cell cycle as well as during development and differentiation. In this symposium, we invite researchers who are taking on the challenge of elucidating genome structure dynamics from various angles using advanced technologies. These technologies include single-cell/small-input genome-wide technologies, imaging, advanced embryo manipulation techniques, simulation, and machine learning. We will exchange ideas and discuss the latest findings on this exciting topic.