Abstract:

The article presents the results of a study of the peculiarities of the use of various methods and means of choreographic training of young athletes in figure skating. The purpose – of the work is to improve the method choreographic training of children aged 6–7 years in figure skating. The research used a group of theoretical and empirical methods. Pedagogical observations of 22 training sessions were conducted. Testing was conducted on the basis of the sports club Ice school in Lviv, in which 18 figure skaters aged 6–7 years (14 girls and 4 boys) took part. Based on a survey of 14 Ukrainian figure skating specialists and coaches, it was established that in the system of integral training of children aged 6–7 years, the most significant are technical (ice – 30.0% and in the hall – 20.0%), physical (24.0%) and choreographic (22.0%) types of training.

As a result of the experimental test, the effectiveness of the proposed method of classes with the inclusion of classical and parterre training, elements of jazz and modern dances, as well as a special auxiliary set of exercises of the Tabatha training system aimed at developing and strengthening the muscles of individual parts of the body in the educational and training process, which most involved in figure skating. The use of adequate means for control and timely correction of choreographic training of children aged 6–7 years allowed to improve the level of technical preparation of figure skaters by 17.8%. The obtained results of the research complement certain provisions of the theory of training of athletes and will contribute to the introduction of new forms and methods of conducting classes with young beginner figure skaters.

As our observations show, most choreographer trainers gradually teach basic figures and elements and practically do not use special auxiliary exercises, which, in our opinion, are one of the effective and necessary methods of mastering technique in figure skating. Special auxiliary exercises are those exercises that make it easier for beginner figure skaters to master the technique of basic (competitive) exercises and elements that are difficult to coordinate. The main requirement for these exercises is their similarity in coordinating the work of the neuromuscular apparatus to the corresponding basic exercises. It is assumed that the use of special auxiliary exercises will make it possible to significantly improve the musculoskeletal system of children, strengthen the strength of the muscles of the arms, legs, back and press, teach them to hold the «frame» (which is a necessary condition for the high-quality performance of the competitive program), and therefore will provide an opportunity to improve method of choreographic training of figure skaters. Therefore, in contrast to the generally accepted training methodology described above, in our study, one hour was fully allocated daily for classes in the hall for improving the physical and choreographic readiness of children, where 45 minutes were allocated for choreographic training. day training Each such training was based on the exercises of classical or parterre training, elements of jazz or modern dances and was coordinated with a specially selected set of exercises of the Tabata training system.

The goal of these choreographic classes in the hall was to improve the level of preparation of children in terms of musicality, emotionality and plasticity, since the quality performance of these components in figure skating is taken into account by judges at competitions when awarding a second grade for “artism. Specially selected 5 min. the set of exercises of the Tabata training system included the following exercises: exercises for the development and strengthening of the muscles of the arms and press; exercises for the development and strengthening of the muscles of the arms, legs and back; exercises for the development and strengthening of back and abdominal muscles; exercises for the development and strengthening of leg and back muscles; exercises for the development and strengthening of the muscles of the legs, arms and press (2 cycles).

Keywords: choreographic training, children aged 6–7 years, figure skating.

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