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This schedule was replaced in April 2021 by a schedule grounded in cladistics. This schedule is referred to in many works about BCC published before 2021. It should not be referred to after 2021.
F. Flora and Fauna
[See Classifying Flora and Fauna for a discussion of how best to proceed in this most challenging of classes.]
What follows is an attempt to place the upper orders into a logical classification. But the best way to deal with some 1.4 million species is not yet obvious.
FR. Ranks in General
There are seven main ranks defined by the international nomenclature codes
FK kingdom
FP phylum/division
FC class
FO order
FF family
FG genus
FS species
Ranks between the seven main ones can be produced by adding prefixes such as "super-", "sub-" or "infra-". To avoid confusion these can be signalled by joining two ranks:
FCFO is a rank between Class and Order
My instinct is not to code beyond phyla, at least for most phyla. I wonder if most lower order ranks, including species, can be coded using Cutter numbers within phyla? (some phyla have tens of thousands of species) The Life Science Indicators [See Classifying Flora and Fauna] are another option.
FT Tribes (A rank employed in zoology) [?]
Note that if any of these life forms are later discovered this designation can be changed but access to previous works will be uninhibited.
FK. Kingdoms [captures the domain-level distinctions proposed by some, which stress prokaryopta/eukaryote distinction]
1. Prokaryota (link to cell type) Sometimes b. bacteria and a. archaea are distinguished
2. Eukaryota – Protista (perhaps divided into p. Protozoa and c. Chromista
3. Eukaryota – Plants
4. Eukaryota – Fungi
5. Eukaryota -- Animals
Phyla can be captured by expanding FK: [FP is Phyla]
1a. (five phyla):
c. Crenarchaeota, Second most common archaeal phylum
e. Euryarchaeota, most common archaeal phylum
k. Korarchaeota
n. Nanoarchaeota, ultra-small symbiotes
t. Thaumarchaeota
1b. (29 phyla currently recognized):
ab. Acidobacteria
ac. Actinobacteria
aq Aquificae
b Bacteroidetes
ca Caldiserica,
ch Chlamydiae,
cl Chlorobi
cx Chloroflexi
cr Chrysiogenetes
cy Cyanobacteria, (blue-green algae)
de Deferribacteres
dt Deinococcus-Thermus,
di Dictyoglomi
e Elusimicrobia
fi Fibrobacteres
fr Firmicutes,
fu Fusobacteria
q Gemmatimonadetes
l Lentisphaerae,
n Nitrospira
pl Planctomycetes
pr Proteobacteria,
sp Spirochaetes,
sy Synergistetes
te Tenericutes
th Thermodesulfobacteria
tm Thermomicrobia
tt Thermotogae
v Verrucomicrobia
2.[Note that the protista kingdom itself may be no more than a collection of diverse phyla whose only common characteristic is that they are unicellular organisms. There are ongoing discussions regarding phyla, but the most likely effect may be to add new phyla over time]
c Chromalveolata
ch Heterokontophyta
cp Haptophyta
cc Cryptophyta (cryptomonads)
ca Alveolata
cd Dinoflagellata
cx Apicomplexa
cr Ciliophora (ciliates) [link previous 3 to ca]
e Excavata
ee Euglenozoa
ep Percolozoa
em Metamonada
r Rhizaria
rr Radiolaria
rf Foraminifera
rc Cercozoa
a Archaeplastida
ar Rhodophyta (red algae)
ag Glaucophyta
u Unikonta (in part)
ua Amoebozoa
uc Choanozoa
1. (eleven phyla generally accepted)
a Anthocerotophyta (Hornworts)
b Bryophyta (Mosses)
c Coniferophyta (Conifers)
f Anthophyta (Flowering plants)
g Ginkgophyta
l Lycopodiophyta
m Marchantiophyta (Liverworts)
n Gnetophyta
p Pteridophyta (Ferns)
t Pteridospermatophyta (Seed ferns)
y Cycadophyta (Cycads)
2. (six phyla)
a ascomycetes,
b blastocladiomycota
c chytrids
g glomeromycota
n neocallimastigomycetes
z zygomycota
5. (over 30 phyla; some are disputed, some protista are sometimes classified as animals)
ac Acanthocephala
al Acoelomorpha
an Annelida (segmented worms)
ar Arthropoda
br Brachiopoda
by Bryozoa
ch Chaetognatha
cr Chordata
cn Cnidaria
ct Ctenophora
cy Cycliophora
ec Echinodermata
en Entoprocta
ga Gastrotricha
gn Gnathostomulida
he Hemichordata
ki Kinorhyncha
lo Loricifera
mi Micrognathozoa
mo Mollusca
ne Nematoda
np Nematomorpha
nt Nemertea
on Onychophora
or Orthonectida
ph Phoronida
pl Placozoa
pt Platyhelminthes
po Porifera (sponges)
pr Priapulida
rh Rhombozoa
ro Rotifera
si Sipuncula
ta Tardigrada
xe Xenoturbellida
Phyla may be grouped according to evidence about their evolutionary relationships. The animal kingdom can for example be grouped in the following ways (which prevents an alternative approach to classifying)
· Parazoa: all animals with different kinds of cells, but no tissues
· Eumetazoa: animals with different tissues (all except sponges)
· Articulata
o Mollusca
o Annelida
· Panarthropoda
o Onychophora
o Arthropoda
o Tardigrada
· Gnathifera
o Rotifera
o Gnathostomulida
o Chaetognatha
· Introverta
o Nematoda
o Nematomorpha
· Cephalorhyncha
o Priapula
o Kinorhyncha
o Loricifera
· Radiata
o Echinodermata
o Ctenophora
The Bilateria
· Deuterostomia
o Xenoturbellida
o Acoelomorpha
o Phoronida
o Brachiopoda
o Echinodermata
o Hemichordata
§ Pterobranchia
§ Enteropneusta
§ Graptolita
o Chordata
· Protostomia
o Lophotrochozoa: based on mutual possession of trochophore larvae.
§ Mollusca
§ Annelida
§ Nemertines
§ Entoprocta
o Ecdysozoa
§ Arthropods
§ Nematodes
o Platyzoa
§ Platyhelminthes
§ Rotifera
§ Cycliophora
This kind of mega taxonomy is becoming more convincing as DNA sequence analysis proceeds through the phyla.
We will also want some treatment of the main species that are addressed in the literature. I have only begun to explore this sort of classification. UMLS treats Organisms under the following headings: plants (alga), fungus, virus, Rickettsia or Chlamydia, bacterium, Archaeon, Animal: The last are either Invertebrate or Vertebrate (amphibian, Bird, Fish, Reptile, Mammal, Human. SUMO breaks organisms into microorganisms (bacteria and viruses) plants, and animals; latter into invertebrate (mollusk, worm, anthropod, last into insect, crustacean, arachnid, and myriapod) and vertebrate. Vertebrates are cold-blooded (reptiles and amphibians and fish) or warm-blooded. Warm-blooded vertebrates are birds or mammals; mammals are [not exhaustive or logical?] rodent, primate, hoofed, aquatic, carnivore (cat, dog), marsupial. Plants are flowering or not; non-flowering include moss, algae, fern, fungus
Note: Pet is a compound: domestic animal FK5 (QM4)
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