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BP. Complex Biological Compounds
Carbohydrates [See Defining Carbohydrate]
a. amylopectin
am. amylose
c. cellulose
d. disaccharides
f. fructose
ga. galactose
g. glucose
gy. glycogen
h. hemicellulose
hy. hydrocolloids
i. isomaltulose
l. lactose
ma. maltose
md. maltodextrins
mt. mannitol
mo. malto-oligosaccharides
m. monosaccharides
o. oligosaccharides
p. polysaccharides
r. raffinose
pe. pectins
po. polysols
so. sorbitol
s. sugars
su. sucrose
sa. stachyose
st. starch
t. trehalose
x. xylose
Lipids [See Defining Lipids]
c. cholesterol
e. essential oils
f. fatty acids
g. glycerolipids
gp. glycerophospholipids
o. oils
sa. saccharolipids
s. sphingolipids
st. sterols
w. waxes
p. prenols
po. polyketides
Nucleic acids [See also BG. Genes for further information]
d. DNA
r. RNA
m. mRNA
r. tRNA
n. rRNA-
Amino acids [N.b., In this section I’ve used the standard one-letter code for Amino Acids instead of an alphabetical notation structure. Acid names are in alphabetical order so it would be fairly straightforward to re-assign notation here.] [See Defining Amino Acid]
a. alanine
r. arginine
n. apargine
d. aspartic acid
c. cysteine
q. glutamine
e. glutamic acid
g. glycine
h. histidine
i. isoleucine
l. leucine
k. lysine
m. methionine
f. phenylalanine
p. proline
s. serine
t. threonine
w. tryptophan
y. tyrosine
v. valine
Proteins [See Defining Proteins]
a. actin
c. cellulose
ch. chitin
co. collagen
f. flagellin
k. keratin
l. lignin
m. myelin
my. myosin
p. peptidoglycan
s. silk
Hormones
ap. adiponectin
a. adrenaline
ad. adrenocorticotropic
am. amylin
au. anti-mullerian
at. antidiuretic
ar. atrial natriuretic
b. brain natriuretic
c. calcitonin
ch. cholecystokinin
co. corticotropin-releasing hormone
ct. cortistatin
d. dopamine
e. endothelin
ek. enkephalin
er. erythropoietin
f. follicle-stimulating hormone
g. galanin
ga. gastric inhibitory
gs. gastrin
gh. ghrelin
gl. glucagon
go. gonadotropin-releasing hormone
gw. growth hormone
gu. guanylin
h. hepcidin
hc. human chorionic gonadotropin
hp. human placental lactogen
i. inhibin
in. insulin
l. leptin
le. leukotrienes
li. lipotropin
lu. luteinizing hormone
m. melanocyte stimulating hormone
me. melatonin
mo. motilin
no. noradrenaline
o. orexin
os. osteocalcin
ox. oxytocin
p. pancreatic polypeptide
pa. parathyroid
pi. pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide
po. prolactin-releasing hormone
pr. prostacyclin
pt. prostaglandins
r. relaxin
re. renin
s. secretin
so. somatostatin
t. thrombopoietin
th. thromboxane
ty. thyroid-stimulating hormone
tt. thyrotropin-stimulating hormone
tx. thyroxine
ti. triiodothyronine
u. uroguanylin
v. vasoactive intestinal peptide
Steroids
a. aldosterone
an. androstenedione
c. calcidiol
ca. calcitriol
co. cortisol
d. dehydroepiandrosterone
di. dihydrotestosterone
e. estradiol
es. estriol
et. estrone
p. progesterone
t. testosterone
We have followed our usual practice here in organizing schedules around the composition of compounds. Biochemists often also classify compounds in terms of function. These can be captured synthetically. Enzyme might best be treated as (catalyst)(produced by)(animals or plants). A protease is a kind of enzyme that breaks down proteins.
Further compounds of prime importance in biochemistry are antigens, neurotransmitters, lectins, and vitamins.
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