Physical Influences

Physical influences:

There are first a set of mechanical influences (denoted by ‘m’):

→ma Assembling versus Disassembling

→mb Breaking or Cutting or Tearing or Shearing. (Note: differences should be clear in context.) [Impale is (hit)(and)(cut).] [Bore or Drill is (cut)(holes)]

→mc Circulating [This would capture one meaning of ‘Percolate’ whereas the ‘filter’ meaning would be captured by (separate)(by size)]

→mf Functioning (of machine or tool)[Repair is (achieve)(functioning)(again)]

→mh Hitting or Contacting. (Note: This will generally be employed when the struck object does not move, and thus is distinguishable from ‘move.’)

[Crush is (strong) (hit)(change)(shape)] [Jab or Poke is (hit)(fast).] [Forge would be (heat)(and)(hit).]

→mp Pressing or Compression [Roll is rub and press?]

→mr Rubbing or Sanding or Causing friction [Sharpen is (rubbing)(causes)(pointed)] [Wear away is (rubbing)(changes)(shape)] [Erode is (climate)(causes

friction)(change)(shape)]

→ms Straining or Tension

There are then a set of non-mechanical influences (denoted by ‘n’):

→nc Cooking (Properly a subset of heating to at least some extent, but so common that it merits special treatment in any case.) [Notably, cooking is one of

the few terms in our classification of relators where a set of subclasses which cannot readily be achieved through compounding is called for: basting,

baking, broiling, toast, fry, poach, braise, barbecue, boil, tenderize, season, pickle, marinade, brown, toast, stew, over/under-, roast, fry, sauté

[could be (fast)(fry)], simmer [could be (slow)(boil)], steep. sear, steam, raw] [There are also many terms that can be dealt with by compounding: salt

is (cook)(with)(salt); brew could be (cook)(beer)]

→ne Transmitting electric current [It is debatable how best to cope with subsidiary terms such as conduction, grounding, short circuit, or static electricity]

→nh Heating versus Cooling (Distinct from, though may cause, energizing.)

→nl Lighting

→nm Magnetizing

→np Pressuring [Sinter is (heat)(plus)(pressure)]

→nr Transmitting nuclear radiation [X-ray is (evaluate)(by)] [This relator should be linked to the next; see Classifying Radiation]

→nw Transmitting waves or rays [Refract is (change)(direction)(ray)]

See Classifying Chemical Reactions

Various geological processes may be captured by links from relators such as ‘transform’ combined with a classification of landforms and rock types (volcano, sediment etc.) Thus ‘foliate’ is cause layers, and ‘fossilize’ is transform flora or fauna into impressions in rock.

‘State changes’ (such as boiling or condensation) will be captured by linking ‘transforming’ with gas, liquid, and/or solid. Shape changes and colour changes will be captured by linking ‘transforming’ to shapes or colours. ‘Fire ‘ is a noun. Uses of fire as a verb can be captured by ‘cause fire’ or ‘fire causes’

'Collapse’ is a vague term that at times means ‘end’ and at times signals some sort of transformation that deserves to be specified.

Nuclear physics posits four (or more) forces that operate among sub-atomic particles {denoted by p]:

→pe Electromagnetic force [exerted] [Potentially very powerful, but forces tend to cancel out in large objects.]

→pg Gravitational force [exerted] [This force is, of course, even more important for large objects]

→ps Strong nuclear force [exerted] [It is believed that the strong and weak forces only operate at the sub-atomic level.]

→pw Weak nuclear force [exerted]

To the extent that physicists still debate how they operate, works can be designated in terms of first the force and then the details, as in weak interaction involves exchange of W and Z bosons.

These forces can combine. It is often posited, for example, that the weak force and electromagnetism combine at high energies (as in the Big Bang).