1. Robert Ader (1975) – The Rat Study That Changed Medicine
He gave rats a flavored solution (conditioned stimulus) paired with an immunosuppressive drug.
Later, rats got sick without the drug, just from the flavor alone.
This showed the immune system could be classically conditioned, just like Pavlov’s dogs.
2. Candace Pert – Discoverer of the Opiate Receptor
She identified brain receptors that respond to emotional states and chemical messengers.
Her work demonstrated that “emotions are stored in the body,” and neuropeptides carry emotional messages.
3. Ronald Glaser & Janice Kiecolt-Glaser
Studied stress’s impact on immunity in humans, particularly in caregivers, students, and older adults.
Found that stress slows healing, reduces T-cell function, and increases inflammation.
Evolution of the Field:
1980s–90s: Explosive growth of research linking stress to immunity.
Now: Clinical applications in cancer recovery, trauma therapy, integrative medicine.
Quote:
“PNI validates the lived experience of people who feel their emotional pain in their bodies.” – Gabor Maté