Homer Simpson (from The Simpsons) is playing a saxophone-like instrument. It creates sound waves that obey physics equations. The speed of the soundwaves is the frequency times the wavelength. Beat frequency is frequency 2 - frequency 1, since these two frequencies interfere with each other constructively (line up, louder) and destructively (quieter, cancel out). fn=nv/4L is used for a standing wave in a pipe with one end closed. fn is frequency, v is speed, L is length of the pipe, and n is an odd integer. n=1 is the fundamental frequency, and other standing waves can be created at the subsequent frequencies that are created with odd integer values of n.