Property Owner’s
Recovery Journey

If your home is unsafe, damaged, or you can’t get to it, please do not stay there. Your safety comes first. You need to find a temporary place to stay that is clean, safe, and dry. This place should have working bathrooms, appropriate heat or air conditioning, and enough space for you and your family to sleep and keep your basic items.

Temporary shelter can include:

• Staying with family or friends: If someone you know has extra space, this can be a good short-term option. Make sure everyone agrees on how long you’ll stay and what is expected.

• Community emergency shelters: These may be set up in schools, churches, or community centers on a short-term basis. They usually have cots, meals, and bathrooms. Some emergency shelters also help people find longer-term housing.

• Hotels or motels: These options may provide more privacy and most homeowners and renters insurance policies will reimburse these costs. Sometimes there are programs or assistance that can provide vouchers or help pay for these, but these resources are disaster dependent. Keep your receipts—they will be needed later for proof or reimbursement, if available, through insurance, voluntary or philanthropic groups, or FEMA if the President provides special authorization for certain FEMA "Individual Assistance” programs). 

• Trailers or RVs: Some families stay in a camper or trailer parked in a safe place with power and water. These can be used to sleep, cook, and store items while you recover. Local rules may apply to where and how long you can locate. 

• Short-term rentals or housing programs: State or local groups may help connect you to temporary apartment or rental home options. These may be shared with other families or have support staff on site and may be available for a limited time as a short-term solution.
  
  

Best Practices

• Listen to the news or local emergency alerts. Officials will share updates about where shelters are open and when it is safe to return home.

• Contact your insurance company and file a claim (see Step 2 below). They will assist with temporary housing and basic needs replacement based on your policy.

• When you find a place to stay, write down the address, contact information, and how long you plan to be there. This will help when applying for recovery assistance, registering your children for school, or getting medical help.

• Tell a friend or family member where you’re staying and how long you plan to be there. Share updates if your location changes.
  
  

Resources

View Housing and Insurance Resources and Notify Insurance in Step 2 below.

After a disaster, it might be hard to get the food and clean water you need. Stores may be closed, roads might be blocked, or your power could be out. It’s important to act quickly to make sure your household has what they need.

Identify Needs

Start by thinking about what each person in your household needs. Everyone should have 3 to 5 days of food that doesn’t need cooking or a fridge. Each person also needs at least one gallon of clean water each day for drinking and washing.

Also think about:

• Baby food or formula

• Soft or easy-to-open food for older adults

• Food that’s safe for allergies or medical needs

• Pet food and clean water for animals

Write down what you already have and what you still need. This can help you focus when asking for help.

Making Sure Water is Safe

The next step is to make sure your water is safe to use. Don’t drink tap water unless local officials say it’s okay. If you’re not sure, use bottled water if you can. If there is a boil water notice in your area, be sure to follow it. This means boiling the water before using it for drinking, cooking, brushing your teeth, or making baby formula. There are commercially available water purification products, but be aware of their limitations and stated use cases. Do not use any water that looks dirty, smells strange, or may have touched floodwater. Keeping your water clean is a big part of staying healthy after a disaster.

Don’t Wait to Ask for Help

If you’re running low on food and water, don’t wait to ask for help. Everyone needs these essentials during recovery. Getting help early can make a big difference by making it easier to get essentials before you run out and preventing bigger problems later on. You are not taking resources away from anyone—these services exist to support you and your family. Reaching out is a smart and necessary step in taking care of yourself.

Resources 

View Food Resources

Taking care of your health is just as important as finding food and shelter. You may have left medications behind, lost access to medical equipment, or had important health supplies damaged. It’s important to act quickly to stay safe and avoid complications or serious health problems.

Identifying Your Medical Needs

Start by making a list of all the medicine and health supplies your family uses. Write down the name of each item, who uses it, how much they need, and how often they take or use it. This can include prescription medicine, inhalers, injections, allergy medicine, over-the-counter items, and equipment like oxygen tanks, CPAP machines, or wheelchairs.

Look for old pill bottles, pictures, or documents that show what you were using before the disaster. These can help when you talk to a doctor or pharmacist.

Replace What’s Missing or Damaged

If any of your medicine or medical supplies are lost or no longer work, try to replace them as soon as you can. Call your pharmacy, doctor, or local clinic to ask for an emergency refill. Many pharmacies can give you new medicine quickly, especially if the area is under a disaster declaration. If you don’t have your prescription, ask if they can find it in their system or call your doctor to confirm it.

If you use medical equipment that needs electricity—like a CPAP machine, oxygen machine, or power wheelchair—check to see if it still works and can be safely charged. If not, ask someone at a shelter, recovery center, or health site if they can help you find a place to charge it or help you get a replacement.

Plan for Ongoing Medical Support

If you or someone in your household has a chronic illness, disability, or special health need, tell shelter staff or a caseworker right away. They can help in getting your needs met and getting you placed in a safe and comfortable space. This may include access to refrigeration for medicine, quiet rooms, medical transport, or extra time for rest and recovery.

Best Practices

• Keep a written health checklist for your household and inform shelter or support staff of any conditions or accommodation you may need.  

• Carry a simple health summary with you that lists key information—like medications, allergies, medical conditions, and emergency contacts—in case you're separated from your regular doctor or clinic.
  
  

Resources

View Medical Resources 

Having clean clothes and basic personal care items can help you stay healthy and feel more comfortable after a disaster. If you had to leave quickly or if you lost your things, start by finding clean clothes that are right for the weather for each person in your home. Be sure to include socks, underwear, and extra layers like jackets or sweaters. Strong, closed-toe shoes are also important to protect your feet when walking through damaged or wet places. If you can’t use a washing machine, try to air out clothes between uses and keep clean and dirty clothes in separate bags or containers.

Taking care of your body is also important. Try to get toothbrushes, toothpaste, soap, deodorant, hand sanitizer, toilet paper, and other items your family uses every day. Menstrual products, adult incontinence supplies, and baby care items like diapers and wipes are also important. If you’re staying in different places, keep these items in a waterproof bag or container so they stay dry and are easy to carry.

After disasters, voluntary organizations and support organizations often help connect impacted individuals with resources to meet these needs. There are often many people eager to support their neighbors and fellow Coloradans to ensure these basic needs are met right away.

Best Practices

• Pack a small “go bag” with clean clothes and hygiene items that you can carry with you if needed.

• Use resealable plastic bags or waterproof containers to protect items from getting wet or dirty.

• If you're sharing space with others, keep your personal items in one place so they’re easy to find.

• When possible, change clothes daily and clean your hands often to avoid illness.
  
  

Resources

View Immediate Assistance Resources

In the days after a disaster, your animals may feel scared, hurt, or lost—just like people. Whether you have a dog, cat, service animal, or farm animals, taking quick steps to care for them will help keep everyone safe and calm during recovery.

Caring for Pets and Service Animals

If your pets or service animals are with you, keep them close and safe. Don’t let them walk around alone—disaster areas can have large construction equipment, broken fences, sharp objects, or standing water that can be dangerous. Use a leash or pet carrier when moving them, and try to keep them in a quiet, safe place if you are staying in a shelter or with other people.

Right after the disaster:

• Give them small amounts of food and clean water often

• Check for signs of injury or sickness, like limping, shaking, or hard breathing

• Try to keep familiar items close, like their bed or toys, to help them feel calm

• If you can, keep them away from smoke, chemicals, or loud noises

If your pet is missing, contact local shelters and animal control. Areas may set up special pet shelters or tracking services after disasters. Keep a photo of your pet on your phone or printed out in case you need to prove the pet is yours.

If your shelter or temporary home doesn’t allow pets, look for places nearby that offer emergency pet care. Some animal rescue groups and vet offices provide short-term care for pets who have lost their homes.

Microchips 

A microchip identification implant is a small chip on your animal that provides a permanent, reliable way for professionals including vets and shelter staff to quickly identify your animal and access your contact information to be able to reunite you if they get lost or separated from you. This may be most useful to do before a disaster, but can still be very valuable to do after a disaster as the stress of the event and potential displacement make it more likely for your animals to get separated from you. 

If your contact information has changed since getting your animal(s) microchipped, make sure to update your contact information with the company they are registered with. You can look this information up using their chip number (contact your vet if needed) via the national Microchip Registry Lookup tool (see the Animal Care Resources link below). 

Best Practices


• Treat your pets as part of your family’s recovery plan. Animals can feel stress or get sick after a disaster, so giving them care early is important.

• If you suspect injury or illness contact your trusted veterinarian. View the Animal Care Resources section to find organizations that can help if you need additional resources. 

• Consider microchipping your animals and make sure your contact information is up to date on all animals you have microchipped. Update contact information as needed.
  
  

Resources

View Animal Care Resources 

After a disaster, you may need ID and important documents to get help, return home, or prove who you are.

Gather What You Still Have


Start by finding any documents you still have. These may include your driver’s license or state ID, Social Security card, birth certificate, health or insurance cards, or documents that show where you live, like a utility bill, lease, or mortgage statement. If you use the MyColorado app, this is a great place to start as it serves as an electronic version of your driver license or state-issued identification (ID) card and provides secure and convenient access to state services.

If you have immigration papers, a green card, or car registration, keep those too. Store everything in a waterproof folder or plastic bag and keep them in a safe place.

If you can, take a photo of each document with your phone and make a secure backup of them on a trusted "cloud backup" service. Email the pictures to yourself or save them in a secure app. This gives you a backup in case they are lost again.

Write Down What’s Missing


If anything is missing or ruined, make a list. Write down the name of the document, what it’s used for, and what it included—like your full name, date of birth, or address. This helps when you’re ready to ask for a new one.

If You Lost Your ID


If you lost your ID, things might be harder—but you still have options. Tell staff at the shelter or recovery center that your ID was lost in the disaster. They may still be able to help you.
Try to show other documents with your name and address—like a photo of your ID on your phone, a bill or lease, a pay stub, or a medical card. If you don’t have anything, they may ask you questions to check your identity.

Some places may give you a temporary ID or a letter that helps you apply for services. This could come from a shelter, caseworker, or local office.

View Document Replacement Resources for more detailed information on replacing specific records.

Best Practice


Keep your important documents in a safe, dry place. Take photos of them in case you lose them again. Save copies to your phone or email so you can get to them anytime.

Resources 

View Document Replacement Resources

Jump to: Early Recovery/Step 1.5: Replace Important Documents

Being able to make phone calls and use the internet is very important during disaster recovery. You may need to call for help, fill out forms, check for updates, or talk to loved ones. If your phone or internet is not working, there are still ways to stay connected.

Keep Your Phone Working


If you still have your phone, try to keep it charged. Turn off apps or features you don’t need to save the battery. Lower the screen brightness, close extra apps, and turn on airplane mode when you’re not using the phone.
Write down places where you can charge your phone safely, like a shelter, library, school, or community center. If you’re using a public charging station, stay close to your phone so it doesn’t get lost or taken. Make sure you have a charging cable that fits your phone and consider purchasing an external battery pack to be able to recharge your phone on the go or if you don’t have reliable access to electricity.

Use Public Wi-Fi When Needed


If your phone service or data plan isn’t working, look for places with free Wi-Fi. Many libraries, government offices, and relief centers have internet you can use. These places can help you fill out forms, check email, read updates, and connect with others.
Be careful when using public Wi-Fi. Do NOT log into bank accounts or give out personal information unless you know it’s a trusted network.

If You Lost Your Phone or it Stops Working


If you lost your phone or it was damaged, write down phone numbers for people you might need to contact—like family members, doctors, case workers, or your child’s school. Try to remember as many as you can. Ask friends or family if they can help you get these numbers.


Many shelters and recovery centers have phones you can use for local or emergency calls. You can also ask about getting a new phone from a nonprofit group, cell phone provider, or local organization. Some programs give free or low-cost phones to people affected by a disaster. Follow the Phone and Internet Resources link for program information.

Back up Critical Information in Safe Places

If you can use a computer or other device, save important phone numbers, documents, and login information in your email or a cloud account. This way, if you lose your phone or it stops working again, you can still get your information back.

Write down emergency contact information somewhere you can access if your phone stops working. Think through close family and friends you might need to reach and store their contact information somewhere safe that you’ll be able to access even without your phone. 

Two-Factor Authentication 

Think through which accounts require two factor authentication through your phone (e.g. email, bank accounts, etc.) and have a backup plan for accessing them. This may include setting up a backup phone number for authentication purposes, having phone numbers and hard copies of your documents, or other strategies depending on the account.

Best Practices

• Keep a written list of important phone numbers in case your phone is lost or out of battery.

• Charge your phone whenever possible and carry a portable charger if you have one.

• Avoid sharing personal or banking information on public Wi-Fi networks.

• Use trusted websites or apps when filling out forms or checking for updates.

• If you get a new phone, save your contacts and info in an email or cloud account for backup.

• If you use 2-factor authentication on digital accounts, have a plan to access your information if you lose use of your phone
  
  

Communication Resources

View Phone and Internet Resources

After a disaster, getting around can be hard—but having a simple transportation plan can help you take care of urgent needs like getting medical help, picking up supplies, or checking on loved ones. Whether or not you have a working car, it’s important to think about how you will travel during this early recovery time.

Use Your Vehicle Safely


If your car or truck still works, check it carefully before using it. Look for damage, flat tires, or debris around the vehicle. Make sure you have gas—some gas stations may still be closed. Keep basic items in the car, like bottled water, snacks, a flashlight, and a phone charger.


Before driving, check local news or a map app (if you have internet) to make sure the roads are open and safe. Try to combine trips to save fuel and avoid driving in dangerous areas or waiting in long lines.


If you are staying in your car, crack the windows for fresh air. Never run the engine in an enclosed area.

Find Other Ways to Get Around


If you don’t have a car or it was damaged, make a list of the places you need to go. This might include the pharmacy, a clinic, a school, a shelter, or a place to get food and supplies. Once you know where you need to go, look for ways to get there.

Some options may include:

• Local buses or transit routes

• Ride share services, if they are operating

• Shuttles provided by emergency groups or the city

• Help from a church, community group, or volunteer drivers

Write down or save in your phone the places you need to visit, how often you go there, and the travel options available. This will help you plan better and save time and energy.

Ask for Transportation Help


If you can’t travel on your own, tell staff at a shelter, a caseworker, or someone from a local support group. Many communities offer free rides or special help for seniors, people with disabilities, or anyone with urgent needs. This can include ride vouchers, medical rides, or group vans. Even if you’ve never used these services before, they may be free and available during recovery.

Best Practices

• Always check your vehicle for safety before driving.

• Keep your gas tank as full as possible and plan trips wisely to save fuel.

• Save contact numbers for local transit, ride services, or shuttle programs.

• Ask early if you need transportation help—don’t wait until it’s urgent.

• Write down your most important destinations and how you plan to get there.

• Keep basic supplies in your vehicle in case you get stuck or delayed.
  
  

Resources

View Transportation Resources

Some people need extra help after a disaster. Children, older adults, and people with disabilities may have a harder time in loud, crowded, or stressful places. Taking simple steps early can protect their health, lower stress, and help families stay safe and supported.

Helping Children


Disasters can be scary and confusing for children. They may not know how to explain what they feel. Some signs of stress may include crying, acting out, not sleeping well, or staying close to a parent. Try to keep routines the same each day—even in a new place. Talk to your child in a calm, honest way and let them ask questions.

Keep special items nearby, like a favorite toy or blanket. Let children help with small tasks to give them a sense of control. If your child is separated from you, tell shelter staff or emergency workers right away.

If your child is not able to go back to school yet, ask about temporary learning programs or virtual school options. Getting back to learning—even a little—can help them feel more normal. If childcare is closed, look for safe play areas at recovery centers, churches, or community groups.

Keep a written card with your child’s name, birthdate, health needs, and your contact details in their backpack or pocket in case of separation.

Helping Older Adults


Older adults may have trouble seeing, hearing, remembering, or walking—especially in unfamiliar or loud places. Make sure they have their daily needs like medicine, hearing aids, glasses, or walking aids and find out if they require medical attention. Write down their health problems, medication list, and emergency contact numbers. 

Some older people may feel confused or disoriented even if they don’t normally have memory issues. If an older adult lives alone, set up regular check-ins with neighbors or volunteers. It is recommended to check in on older adults daily because new resource needs may arise and circumstances can change and develop quickly. Daily check-ins can help prevent issues from cascading. Remind them to rest, drink water, and ask for help when needed.

If they lost legal documents like a power of attorney or healthcare wishes, talk to a local legal aid group. Replacing these documents early can prevent problems later.

Provide older adults with information about where they can go to get information in person, including resources like disaster assistance centers.

Find out if the older adults are able to provide for their own transportation. Voluntary organizations supporting disaster recovery may be able to help with transportation, replacement food, medicine and other critical needs.

Helping People with Disabilities


People with disabilities may need extra help to move around, talk with others, or stay in a safe place. If someone in your household uses a wheelchair, walker, hearing aid, or medical device, check that it still works. If any items were lost or broken, ask a recovery center or doctor about replacement programs.

People with disabilities have the right to stay in shelters that meet their needs. If restrooms or sleeping areas are not accessible, talk to shelter staff or your caseworker for help.

Some people need help communicating. They may use written notes, sign language, or pictures. If these tools are not available, explain how they best communicate and ask for support.

If someone has a service animal, they can keep the animal with them in shelters or public places. Make sure the animal has food, water, and a quiet spot to rest. If the animal is lost, report it immediately.

Some medical equipment—like power wheelchairs or breathing machines—needs electricity. Ask where you can safely charge the equipment or find a shelter that has backup power.

Best Practices

• Create a list of resource needs for each person in your household tied to communication, maintaining health, independence, support services, safety, and transportation.

• Keep medications, health tools, and comfort items together and easy to reach.

• Let staff at shelters or recovery centers know if someone needs extra help.

• Make sure service animals stay with their owners and have what they need.

• Ask about power sources for medical devices if electricity is not available or unreliable.

• Look for support groups or caseworkers who can help you find needed services.

Resources 

View Child Resources

View Senior and Disability Resources

In the days and weeks after a disaster, getting food, shelter, and safety is the first priority—but your emotional and mental health matter just as much. Losing your home, daily routine, or sense of safety can cause serious stress. This stress can result in a sense of having a foggy brain and can make it difficult to make decisions, focus on work and communicate. This stress can also disrupt relationships, school work and mood. These experiences may not be easy to see, but they are real and important.

Noticing how the disaster is affecting you early on can help you and your family recover better. It’s normal to feel overwhelmed, anxious, angry, confused, irritable, sad, or numb—and support is available. Many crisis counseling and mental health services are free and private during this time. Getting help early can stop bigger problems later and help you navigate the recovery process over the long term.

Start by checking in with how you’re feeling. If you feel constantly stressed, numb, easily upset, or are having trouble sleeping, eating, or thinking clearly, you may need extra support. These are common signs after a disaster and should be taken seriously.

If you’re having a hard time, talk to someone. This could be a family member, friend, counselor, or doctor. Sharing your experiences and feelings can help you feel less alone.

You can also look for local services. Many areas have mental health centers, mobile crisis teams, or public health departments that offer free help after a disaster.

If you’re caring for children, older adults, or people with disabilities, make sure to find help that fits their needs. Some providers are specially trained to work with people of different ages or abilities who have been through trauma.

You can also speak with your regular doctor. They can check on your mental health and refer you to other services if needed.

Best Practices

• If you are in crisis, call or text the Disaster Distress Helpline at 1-800-985-5990 or text “TalkWithUs” to 66746.

• Save mental health numbers in your phone or write them down in case you lose service.

• Don’t wait until you feel worse—getting help early leads to a faster, stronger recovery.

• Try different kinds of support: one-on-one counseling, support groups, medication, or faith-based care can all help.

• Make time each day for simple self-care, like going for a walk, writing in a journal, praying, connecting with others, or taking deep breaths.

Taking care of your mental health is part of disaster recovery—not something separate. When you feel more steady and supported, it’s easier to make good decisions and help your household move forward.

Resources

View Mental Health Resources

Jump to: Reconnecting with Community Support/Step 2.4: Getting Back to Normal

Jump to: Emotional and Community Recovery/Step 3.2 Build Emotional and Community Resilience

Think through whether you may have to relocate, take time off, or adjust your work schedule due to recovery needs. Let your employer know about your current circumstances and establish a shared understanding of expectations for your employment in the short term. Agree on when you will check back in on your ability to return to work over the long term, once you have a chance to more fully assess your situation. Communication helps protect your position and allows employers to offer flexibility or support where possible. Some employers have assistance programs you can use to support you through your recovery, and may include things like time off, mental health support, and legal services. 

Information about safety, cleanup, road access, weather, and community services can change daily. Signing up for emergency communications ensures you get these updates as soon as they’re available.

Emergency communications to sign up for or follow:

• Local emergency alerts through your county or city government websites

• Wireless Emergency Alerts (WEA) on your mobile phone—these are often automatic, but check your phone settings to be sure

• Text or email notifications from FEMA, the American Red Cross, or your local emergency management office

• Radio updates or alerts from local TV and news stations, especially if power or internet is down

• Social media from your local emergency emergency management office and local government (via Facebook, Instagram, X, etc. based on what your community uses) 

• Bookmark emergency and disaster recovery websites specific to the disaster you experienced. These may include dedicated pages managed by your city or county and/or its emergency management office, the Colorado Department of Homeland Security and Emergency Management (DHSEM), and 2-1-1. 

If you’re in temporary housing, update your current location when signing up so you receive alerts for the area where you’re staying. Encourage everyone in your household—including children, older adults, and people with disabilities—to know where to get information and what to do in an emergency.

Keep a battery-powered or hand-crank radio on hand to receive emergency broadcasts if the power goes out.

After a large fire, the flood danger can change a lot and areas that have never flooded before can be at risk of flooding since rain that falls over a burn scar may not be able to soak into the ground and there is often no vegetation left to slow it down. As a result, if there is enough rain, flash flooding and debris flows can happen quickly. In these cases, flooding danger can extend far beyond the perimeter of the fire. Communities, properties, and roadways miles downstream from a burn scar can be overwhelmed without notice when an upstream storm dumps rain on the burn scar. The Colorado Flood Threat Bulletin provides daily flood threat information, including burn-area-specific forecasts. These can be sent automatically to your email using the "Subscribe" button. Real time alerts and warnings area available from the National Weather Service. 

Resources

View Emergency Alerts Resources

Shortly after a disaster, local governments and municipalities may open a Disaster Assistance Center (DAC), depending on the specifics of the disaster and the needs following it. Check your County Emergency Website for potential resources including DAC locations and times. Your community may also set up a ‘virtual DAC’ if a physical location is not feasible or needed.

DACs may serve as a central location to help households access housing support, food, insurance guidance, mental health care, and business recovery resources.  

While it may take a few days for a DAC to open, checking for updates and visiting once it's available can ensure you stay informed, connected, and able to access the help you need.

Resources

View open DACs

Once your household's immediate needs are met, contact your personal insurance providers, even if you’re not yet sure of the full extent of the damage. Before submitting a claim, verify that you have the appropriate coverage for the type of loss. For example, a standard homeowner policy does not cover flood damage. Making a claim for flood damage could result in a denied claim on your property. 

Early contact allows your insurance provider to walk you through the next steps, explain documentation requirements, and ensure you're meeting critical deadlines. 

In some cases, notifying your insurer may also unlock immediate assistance—such as advance payments for personal items such as clothing and toiletries, relocation, or temporary housing stipends if your home or rental property is uninhabitable. The sooner you connect, the more options you may have.

Best Practices 

• Contact your insurer to file a claim right away by calling or accessing your insurer’s website or portal: Your insurance policy may provide coverage to help with your recovery needs and engaging the company right away may open up those resources more quickly. Do not delay filing a claim to try to maximize government assistance. Government assistance can not duplicate or provide assistance that your insurance policy is supposed to cover, so delaying filing with insurance only delays your access to resources .  

• Identify all relevant policies: This could include homeowners, auto, and flood insurance.

• Keep all receipts: If you are displaced from your home or need to make temporary repairs to prevent further damage, keep all of your receipts. These expenses may be reimbursed by your insurance company.

• Document each communication: Note the date, time, and method of each communication. Include the name of the representative you spoke with and any claim or reference numbers provided.

• Ask about immediate support: Inquire whether your policy includes temporary living expense coverage, and if so, how to access those funds.

• Don’t wait for full damage documentation: You can begin the claim and add details later. Taking this early step signals good faith and ensures you meet your policy’s deadlines.

• Start a claims folder: Keep all correspondence, claim numbers, photos, receipts, and notes in one place—digitally or in hard copy—for easy access throughout the process.

• Establish an easy to access mailing address: Use this address for official mail and documentation if your primary mailing address is undeliverable or will be difficult for you to access. 

• Seek assistance from experts when you need it: experts like those at the Division of Insurance (DOI) and United Policyholders have valuable expertise and provide resources technical guidance via their websites (see the Insurance Claims Resources link below for more information). 

Taking this step early sets the foundation for a smoother recovery.

Resources

View Insurance Resources 

After a fire, areas that do not normally flood can flood more easily. Only flood insurance covers flood damage and fires can leave you much more vulnerable as rain that falls on burned areas, where water moves much more quickly, can be more damaging, and can carry debris that leads to flooding in areas that may never have flooded before.  

Most standard insurance policies do not cover flood damage, regardless of whether flooding was made worse by recent fires. Strongly consider flood insurance to protect your homes and assets before a weather event occurs and it's too late - this can happen days to years after a fire.  Though the real flood threat may be substantially higher after a fire, the cost to purchase flood insurance remains unchanged as the FEMA flood maps hold steady.

Acting quickly to get a policy through the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) can help you be covered in the case of a flood and avoid costly flood losses. It typically takes 30 days for a new flood insurance policy to go into effect. However, in eligible cases where policies are covered by the Post-Wildfire Exception, coverage can start sooner if flooding is caused by post-wildfire conditions. These claims may be reviewed on a case by case basis. 

Building coverage and contents coverage are typically purchased separately and have separate deductibles. 

While having flood insurance is key to being covered in the case of flooding, the best thing to do it to avoid or limit flood damages where possible. Communities may provide sandbag materials, which can help keep floodwaters away from your home. Use emergency alert resources (see above) to keep updated on whether there are flash flood concerns in your area and take action to keep you and your family safe by avoiding flood prone areas. 

Resources

View Insurance Resources 

If your home, property, or income was impacted by the disaster, you may qualify for temporary assistance. This support can help with housing costs, minor home repairs, temporary lodging, food, medical care, or replacing important items.

If you’re not sure whether you qualify, it’s important to apply so you don’t lose out on resources to help you recover. Many programs have short deadlines and may help with needs not covered by insurance, which can add up over time.

Many different organizations may provide aid after a disaster that can help with different kinds of needs. Some assistance is available quickly, while other assistance can take weeks, months, or even longer to be stood up. Assistance is disaster dependent and may come from a mix of organizations including non-profits, philanthropic organizations, local, state, and federal government, etc. Whether and when federal assistance is available for certain disaster events depends on the amount and type of documented damage and decisions by different entities (e.g the President related to FEMA programs, Congress related to Department of Housing and Urban Development programs, and other federal agencies (like Small Business Administration for their programs)).

Some of the most widely used sources of immediate assistance include:

• 2-1-1: A statewide resource that tracks currently available resources, especially in the hours and days following a disaster and can help you navigate to active disaster-specific resources, though they do not provide direct financial support to survivors. You can call or visit their website to get real-time information about available resources.

• Colorado Voluntary Agencies Active In Disasters (COVOAD): A network of non-profits that helps coordinate direct support to disaster survivors immediately following disasters. Resources often include information, food, water, and volunteer time to help people clean up their property. 

• American Red Cross: Provides emergency shelter, meals, basic supplies, and sometimes direct financial assistance.

• Community Foundations: Local community foundations may help coordinate philanthropic and other donations and then grant those donations to disaster survivors and disaster-specific recovery programs. Check your county’s official source of information for the disaster to find out if a foundation or relief fund has been established. 

• Colorado Division of Homeland Security and Emergency Management (DHSEM): Helps coordinate local and state-level recovery programs, including the Colorado Department of Human Services (CDHS) that may be able to connect survivors with state resources and additional support beyond federal aid.

Additional programs may be specifically authorized on a case-by-base basis for large scale disasters. The two largest federal programs for immediate needs that can directly support disaster survivors include: 

• FEMA Individual Assistance (IA): This program is only available when the President authorizes FEMA IA, program by program, specifically for the disaster you experienced. When authorized, this program can help people cover essential needs not paid for by insurance. The programs are limited and meant to help with specific needs and are not intended to make individuals whole for their damages. These are not loans—you don’t have to pay back the assistance. For qualifying individuals based on your specific circumstance, FEMA IA may be able to help with:

  • • Serious Needs Assistance for immediate, essential items like food, water, diapers, and medicine.

    • Housing Assistance for lodging or hotel assistance, rental assistance, and limited assistance repairing/replacing a primary home to a baseline viable condition (e.g. repairing windows or plumbing to make your home safe to live in, not restoring to pre-disaster conditions).

    • Other Needs Assistance (ONA) disaster-related expenses not covered by insurance like transportation, personal property, medical/dental, funeral and burial, child care, moving and storage, and cleanup items.

    • Other Individual Assistance programs include crisis counseling, disaster legal services, recovery navigation assistance and other assistance.

• Small Business Administration Disaster Assistance: These programs provide low-interest, long-term disaster loans to businesses, nonprofits, homeowners, and renters in declared disaster areas to repair, replace, or recover from physical and economic losses. This assistance is available when authorized by the Small Business Administration on a case-by-case basis but does not require a presidential Major Disaster Declaration. Unlike some other assistance, these are loans and not grants and have to be repaid. For qualified entities, SBA may be able to help with: 

  • • Home and Personal Property Loans for homeowners/renters to replace personal property (e.g., clothing, furniture, cars) and for homeowners to repair/replace primary residences

    • Mitigation Assistance increases loan amounts to fund improvements that prevent future damage to property

Resources

View Immediate Assistance Resources

Before you go back into your home after a disaster, take time to make sure it’s safe. Even if the structure looks okay, hidden dangers like gas leaks, electrical hazards, or contaminated water can put your health at risk. A careful inspection now can prevent serious harm and help protect your recovery options.

Do a Full Safety Check

Wait for local authorities to confirm your area is safe to enter. Your local government will have a process to inform you of re-entry status and communicate that via the local emergency management office, the Disaster Assistance Center (DAC), or local government channels (see the “Sign Up for Emergency Communications and Updates” section above). If you’re cleared to return, do not rush and keep children and pets away from potentially hazardous parts of your property. Walk the perimeter of your home first. Look for visible damage, fallen power lines, strong smells, or structural issues like leaning walls or sagging roofs. If anything looks unsafe, do not go inside—leave and contact emergency services or a professional inspector.

Bring a buddy or partner, flashlight (not candles or lighters), hard soled boots, gloves, and a mask to protect from possibly hazardous air. Open doors carefully and check ceilings and walls for cracks, bulging, or shifting. Stay clear of unstable areas, sharp debris, and any items that look wet, moldy, or chemically damaged.

Do not use elevators in multi-level buildings. Avoid standing water, which may contain sewage or hidden electrical hazards. If flooding occurred, do not turn on the power or gas yourself—have utilities checked by a licensed professional first.

If you’re unsure whether a part of your home is safe, step back, refer to resources on safety and hazardous conditions, and ask for help. Disasters can create hazardous materials and debris, including concerns with mold, air quality, toxics and other health concerns. You may have to sort or separate debris into different categories or "types" for removal. For additional information on sorting and handling debris and potentially hazardous materials, see the “Remove Debris and Cleanup Property” portion of this section below. 

Handle Utilities with Caution

Gas, electric, and sewer lines can be damaged even if they appear normal. Do not reconnect power or gas yourself. If you smell gas or hear a hissing sound, leave the area immediately and call your utility provider or 911.

Water-damaged wiring or outlets can cause fires. Avoid turning on lights, appliances, or circuit breakers unless cleared by a licensed electrician. If your sewer system is backed up, do not use sinks, toilets, or drains until a professional has inspected the lines.

If you must stay in your home temporarily, make sure at least one room is safe, dry, and ventilated—and monitor air quality closely.

Check Water and Well Safety

Do not drink tap water unless your local water provider confirms it is safe. If you rely on well water, it may have been contaminated by floodwater, chemicals, or bacteria.

Have your well tested if you notice discoloration, odors, or if floodwater reached your property. Until it’s confirmed safe, use bottled water for drinking, brushing teeth, cooking, and washing. If a boil water advisory is in place, follow all public health directions carefully.

Check with your county public health department if you have questions on water safety.

Check for Smoke and Soot Damage

If your home was near a wildfire or structure fire, inspect for smoke, ash, and soot buildup—even if flames never reached your property. Smoke can settle in walls, furniture, and air systems, causing long-term health problems and damage.

Wear a mask and gloves when cleaning, and avoid dry sweeping ash. Ventilate the space by opening windows and running fans (only if power is confirmed safe). Items like carpeting, insulation, and fabric furniture may need to be discarded or professionally cleaned.

Ash and soot may contain toxins, especially if plastic, treated wood, or chemicals burned nearby. If you feel unwell or notice strong odors, leave the area and seek guidance from health or environmental authorities.

Mold may also develop in water-damaged pipes or appliances. Use caution when cleaning and consider seeking professional remediation if the damage is severe.

Check for Mold and Indoor Air Quality

If your home experienced flooding or water damage, mold can begin growing in as little as 24 to 48 hours. Mold isn’t always visible—it can grow behind walls, under floors, or in insulation. Poor indoor air quality caused by mold, soot, or moisture can lead to breathing problems, headaches, or allergic reactions, especially for children, older adults, and people with asthma or other health conditions.

Start by ventilating the area if it’s safe to do so—open windows and use fans only if the power system has been cleared by an electrician. Use protective gear such as an N95 mask, gloves, and goggles when entering spaces that may contain mold. Do not dry sweep or vacuum mold or ash with a regular vacuum; use only a HEPA-filtered vacuum designed for this type of cleanup.

Remove water-damaged items like carpet, drywall, ceiling tiles, or fabric furniture that cannot be fully dried. If mold is widespread or growing in hard-to-reach areas, contact a licensed mold remediation professional. Avoid using bleach in enclosed areas—use cleaning products recommended for mold and follow safety instructions on the label.

Resources

View Safety Resources

Now that you’re back on the property, the next step is to reconnect with your insurance provider and begin assessing the damage for your claim. 

Request a full copy of your policy and review:

• What types of damage are covered

• Any exclusions or limitations that apply

• Deadlines and documentation required to file a claim

Typical residential property coverage may include: 

• Structural damage to your home or other structures on your property

• Personal property losses, including furniture, appliances, or other belongings

• Temporary housing costs if the property is uninhabitable

• Debris removal and emergency repairs to prevent further damage

• Additional Living Expenses (ALE) for certain increased costs of living if you cannot live in your primary residence

Before making any repairs, check with your insurance provider to confirm what qualifies as emergency work and what documentation is needed. Keep receipts for any emergency repairs that are completed. Some policies require advance approval for non-urgent repairs to qualify for reimbursement.

Documentation You May Need:

• Written estimates from licensed contractors or vendors

• A detailed inventory of damaged or destroyed items with estimated values

• Photos and/or videos of damages

• Receipts, photos, and notes describing any emergency repairs you completed

Whether you file a claim can be dependent on your specific circumstances. It is important to consider a couple things: 

• Filing a claim, even if it is not paid, can impact the insurance premiums or availability of insurance for that property, for you or a future purchaser of that property. If the damage is below the deductible or there is no covered damage, you might not want to file a claim. However, 

• To be good stewards of taxpayer dollars, federal assistance often must account for all other forms of assistance that is due to you for a similar purpose, including insurance. If you have insurance, federal programs often have to deduct any amount that was owed to you, whether or not you requested it or received it. As a result, to be eligible for certain programs (e.g. certain FEMA and HUD programs), you must document your insurance claims (even if they are denied) for your application to be considered. 

Best Practices:

• Get instructions in writing. Ask your adjuster to email you claim numbers, documentation requirements, and repair approvals.

• Track all communication. Keep a log of every phone call, email, or letter, including names, dates, and details of what was discussed.

• Clarify repair limits. Make sure you understand what emergency repairs are allowed immediately and what requires pre-approval.

• Keep records organized. Save all receipts, photos, estimates, and correspondence in a secure file—both digitally and in hard copy.

Even if you’re not sure whether the cost of damage will exceed your deductible, it’s still important to file a claim. Doing so may be required to access future disaster recovery programs or public assistance.

Once your home has been cleared for re-entry and you've checked that it's safe, the next step is to document the damage thoroughly. This step is critical—detailed records can help you apply for disaster assistance, file insurance claims, and avoid delays during the recovery process. A complete inventory and photo record also helps protect you if anything is questioned or reassessed later.

Create Inventory List of Damage

Start by making a list of everything that was damaged, lost, or destroyed. This list is known as a damage inventory. It’s important to begin while the details are fresh in your mind, even if you update it later.

Walk room by room—inside and outside—and write down:

• The name of each damaged item (for example: “refrigerator” or “living room couch”)

• Brand and model number (if you know it or can find a label)

• Approximate value or cost when you bought it and the year it was purchased

• A short description of the damage (e.g., “flooded and no longer works”)

Include not only big items like appliances and furniture but also small items like clothing, kitchen tools, and books—anything that was affected. Don’t forget to check sheds, garages, attics, and basements.

If you’re not sure what something cost or when you bought it, just estimate for now. You can revise it later if you find receipts, bank records, or old photos that help.

Keep this inventory in a safe place and make a digital backup if possible.

Take Time-Stamped Photos of Damage

Photos provide visual proof of what happened to your home and belongings and many recovery assistance programs require them. Time-stamped photos are especially important, they show when the damage was recorded, which can help confirm that it was related to the disaster. 

Take photos before you move, clean, or throw anything away. Use your phone or camera to capture:

• Wide shots of entire rooms or outdoor areas

• Close-ups of damaged items or surfaces

• Multiple angles of larger damage (like walls, roofs, or flooring)

• Water lines or burn marks on walls

• Mold, soot, or smoke damage

• Piles of debris or ruined items

Make sure your phone or camera has time and date settings turned on. If you’re using a printed camera, take notes that describe what each photo shows and when it was taken.

Take photos of both the damage and the surroundings. For example, if a window is broken, show the frame, the broken glass, and what area it’s located in.

Taking videos can also be helpful and capture some of the disaster impacts that might get missed or can be harder to capture in still photos. 

If you have older photos of your home before the disaster (like real estate listings, family photos, or home videos), save them with your documentation. They can help show the difference in condition and support your claim.

If your home is safe to stay in, you may choose to make small, temporary repairs to stop more damage or stay healthy. These are called emergency repairs. If you plan to file an insurance claim or apply for disaster assistance it’s important to remember that while your insurance may require that you make repairs to avoid more damages (e.g. preventing water from getting in through a damaged roof), fixing too much too soon could also impact your eligibility. Work with your insurance to understand what is expected and allowed based on your policy.

Emergency Repairs

If your home is safe to stay in, you may choose to make small, temporary repairs to stop more damage or stay healthy. These are called emergency repairs. If you plan to file an insurance claim or apply for disaster assistance it’s important to remember that fixing too much too soon could impact your eligibility. 

Emergency repairs are meant to make your home safer—not to fix everything or rebuild. Focus only on essential actions that address immediate health and safety risks. Examples include:

• Putting a tarp over a damaged roof

• Boarding up broken windows or doors

• Moving debris that blocks a path

• Pumping out standing water

• Turning off broken gas, water, or electric lines

• Covering wires or holes that could cause injury

Never try to repair gas, electric, or sewage systems unless you’re trained and licensed. Doing this work without the right qualifications can be dangerous and may slow down your recovery. 

If you see damage or a leak, shut off the utility at the source and contact your utility company right away to report the issue. Before turning damaged systems like HVAC units or water heaters back on, schedule a professional inspection.

For all emergency repairs, make sure you keep detailed records of what you repair, take time-stamped photos before and after, and save all receipts and materials lists to support your eligibility for future programs. If you hire someone to help with repairs, make sure to get quotes and detailed invoices on official paperwork, with the date, your address, and their contact information. Don’t forget to get a receipt once you have paid since reimbursements often require proof of purchase.

Voluntary organizations may be active and willing to help with emergency repairs. When getting help from others, whether volunteers or contractors, reference the Ongoing Recovery “Step 3: Decide How to Complete the Work” section for guidance on working with contractors, volunteers, and avoiding getting scammed. 

Debris Removal and Property Cleanup

After you’ve made any emergency repairs to your property, the next step is to begin removing debris. This step is essential to protect your health and prevent further damage. Cleanup should only begin after you’ve thoroughly documented the damage. 

Debris removal can be overwhelming as you may have to navigate a complex network of laws, rules, and requirements from local, state, federal and insurance companies, depending on the extent of the damage. These requirements are designed to keep you and those around you safe and to avoid creating another hazard later. 

Taking a careful and organized approach—starting with safety and following local guidelines—will help ensure the process goes smoothly and doesn’t affect your ability to apply for insurance or disaster assistance later.

Debris can be dangerous or hazardous to you and those around you. Be sure to protect yourself and anyone working on your property with appropriate personal protective equipment and follow guidance specific to the event (see “Sign up for Emergency Communications and Updates” above).

All debris must be disposed of properly, including following any laws and rules for potentially hazardous waste. 

If you are overwhelmed or think you need help with debris removal efforts, that is normal and you may want to hire professionals to help. Please refer to local disaster-specific guidance to learn more about what resources and coordination are available to you (see “Sign up for Emergency Communications and Updates” above).

Create a Cleanup Plan

Before starting, contact your local city or county permitting offices and find out if they require debris removal permits (see below for Quotes and Permits guidance). 

Consider whether you want to hire a remediation company to conduct debris removal, do the work yourself, or work with voluntary organizations, if they are active in your area. For substantial removal projects, especially if damages will be covered by insurance, working with a remediation company may be recommended. A remediation company will document, take photos and store items, if necessary. They will also ensure items that can be cleaned are sent out for cleaning. Regardless of who completes the work, for any insurance claim the insurer needs to be aware of what is damaged, what can be restored, and what should be discarded, so this information needs to be carefully documented.

Write a simple plan for how cleanup will be done. Mark which areas of the property are safe to enter and decide what needs to be removed first—often wet or mold-prone materials. If you’re working with volunteers, neighbors, or a hired crew, outline what will be done each day and who is responsible. Make sure you and anyone helping you have appropriate personal protective equipment and follow safety guidance from local emergency management and public health professionals (see below). Having a plan helps prevent injury, confusion, and accidental loss of needed documentation. 

Find out if there is local coordination happening and take advantage of opportunities to set debris on the curb if there are coordinated pickup events. Have a plan for how to appropriately get rid of potentially hazardous or toxic debris following state and local debris management requirements (see Sort and Organize Debris below). Refer to state CDPHE hazardous materials resources for guidance and check to see if your local government has instructions specific to the disaster you’ve experienced or your community. Avoid sending materials to landfills that are not allowed and instead take them to the appropriate place, like a household hazardous waste disposal facility. 

When getting help from others, whether volunteers or contractors, reference the Ongoing Recovery “Step 3: Decide How to Complete the Work” section for guidance on working with contractors, volunteers, and avoiding getting scammed. 

Start with Personal Safety

Debris can contain sharp objects, chemicals, mold, asbestos, lead, and unstable materials. These hazards can cause unseen, permanent damage to you or those around you if they are not properly handled. Always wear protective clothing, including gloves, sturdy boots, long sleeves, and a mask or respirator—especially if mold, dust, or soot are present. If the area is dark or unstable, work during daylight hours and use a flashlight when needed. Avoid entering rooms with standing water, visible electrical hazards, or sagging floors, walls and ceilings. (See the “Inspect your Property for Safety Before Re-Entry” section above for additional details and resources.)

Sort and Organize Debris

Separate all debris into clear categories to support safe handling and proper disposal. Common categories include building materials, damaged furniture, appliances, electronics, hazardous items like paint or propane tanks, and yard waste. Keep each pile separate to avoid cross-contamination and to follow local disposal guidelines. If you’re unsure where or how to dispose of certain materials, contact your local solid waste agency or public works department.

What to Do with Damaged Items

Depending on the items and damages, decide what can be cleaned, what can be restored, and what should be discarded.

Work with your insurance company to understand their expectations for documentation and preserving items. Only begin removing damaged items after you've taken clear, time-stamped photos or videos of anything of value that you might seek assistance or an insurance claim on including furniture, housewares, clothing, appliances, flooring, art, electronics, and anything else of value.  If an item is too dangerous to photograph in place (like moldy carpet), take a photo immediately after removing it and note where it was located. Keep a written record of what was discarded, its condition, and where it came from.

Track Cleanup Costs

Save receipts for all costs including supplies, equipment rentals, dump fees, and paid help. Even small costs like trash bags, gloves, or fuel may be reimbursable or required for future assistance. Keeping good records now will help you avoid delays later on if you apply for recovery support. As often as possible, take clear photos of your receipts and save them to your phone or computer – receipt ink can fade and you risk losing important information.

Resources

View Property Cleanup Resources

Jump To:

Ongoing Recovery/Step 2.3: Decide How to Complete the Work

Whether you're making emergency repairs, removing debris, coordinating volunteer help, or planning long-term rebuilding, it's important to get written estimates and check local permit requirements. Clear documentation and proper approvals help ensure the work is safe, meets local codes, and keeps you eligible for future disaster assistance.

Get Written Quotes 

Before any repair work begins, whether it’s done by a licensed contractor, a neighbor, or a volunteer team—make sure you have a written estimate. 

This should describe the work to be done, list materials, and include the expected timeline. If the labor is being donated or discounted, ask for the estimated value of the work to be included. This helps you track the real cost of your recovery and may be needed for insurance or assistance programs.

• Contractors: If you’re working with a contractor, it is best to contact at least three licensed and insured professionals. Confirm the contractor is familiar with local permitting rules and look for contractors that have experience working on disaster repairs.

• Neighbors or Volunteers: If you’re working with volunteer groups or neighbors, get a simple written description of what work will be done. Include the name of the person or group providing the help. Note whether you’re receiving donated labor, discounted materials, or borrowed equipment, this documentation can be very helpful when applying for assistance later and working with insurance. Always save copies of every quote or agreement, even if you don’t move forward with the work right away.

• Self-completed work: If you are completing work on your own, carefully document your time and efforts but beware that some recovery assistance won’t count paying yourself in the same way as if you paid another person to do the work. If you use emergency assistance funds to pay yourself you may not be reimbursed for that work or may have to make up those funds later on.
  
  

Know What Work Requires a Permit

Permitting helps ensure the work is done safely and up to code, and it’s often required for disaster assistance or insurance claims. Before starting repairs, take the following steps.

• Contact your city or county permitting office, even if you’re unsure whether a permit is needed.

• Ask if there are special emergency permits and what kind of work they apply to. Be sure to get paperwork and record any permit information, approvals, and correspondence with the permitting office you send and receive.

• Ask about permits for debris removal, roof work, electrical and plumbing repairs, demolition, or foundation repairs.

• If you're working with a contractor, confirm they will obtain the proper permits and be careful not to give them final payment until the permits are closed.

• Keep copies of all permits, inspection reports, and approvals in your recovery file.

Resources

View Repair and Rebuilding Resources

If your property is damaged or unlivable it’s important to contact your mortgage or loan lender as well as any other financial institutions you bank with. 

Contacting Lenders 

When you contact your lender, explain the condition of your property and ask whether you qualify for disaster-related payment relief, including temporarily pausing or reducing payments. 

If you plan to file an insurance claim, ask how your lender handles those funds. In most cases, insurance payments for structural repairs are made out to both you and the lender, and a release process will need to be followed.

Ask your lender what paperwork is required, how to submit repair estimates, and whether inspections will be needed before funds are released. 

If you’ve lost loan documents or can’t remember who your servicer is, check your most recent mortgage statement, contact your insurance agent, or review your credit report for contact information.

Best Practices

• Keep a written record of all communications with your lender, including dates, names, and instructions.

• Request written confirmation of any approved payment relief or insurance handling processes.

• Don’t start permanent repairs until your lender confirms what documentation is needed to release insurance funds.

• Ask if your loan includes a repair escrow and whether inspections are required during construction.

• Stay in regular contact with your loan servicer to avoid delays and ensure your recovery efforts stay on track.

Some recovery assistance programs require that repairs meet permitting and inspection standards. Your lender can help ensure your process stays eligible for additional aid.

Contacting Banks 

Disasters can disrupt direct deposits, automatic payments, access to funds, and loan obligations. Contact your bank or credit union as soon as possible to report your situation.

Let them know if you’ve lost access to your debit cards, checks, or online banking, or if you expect delays in income. Ask how to pause automatic payments, waive late fees, or access emergency funds. If you’re using disaster assistance or insurance funds, confirm how to safely deposit or access large checks.

It’s also important to update your contact information, especially if you’ve had to relocate. 

If you’ve lost account documentation or online access, ask what steps are required to verify your identity and reset your credentials securely.

Best Practices

• Review all account activity regularly for errors, especially if you've lost checks or cards.

• Request paper statements or secure email summaries if digital access is disrupted.

• Keep copies of financial documents, such as account numbers and routing information, in a secure, waterproof folder.

• If you’re expecting disaster assistance payments, verify how and when funds will arrive—some may be sent by direct deposit, prepaid card, or check, depending on the program. Your bank can help you track and access these safely.

Resources
View Financial Resources

After a disaster, utility disruptions are common—and reconnecting or pausing services can be essential for both safety and financial relief. Contact your electricity, gas, water, internet, and trash and recycling providers to report damage, request billing adjustments, or ask about service restoration timelines. Many companies offer emergency support programs during declared disasters.

• Electricity – Report outages and let your provider know if your home is unlivable. Ask about any inspections or approvals needed before power can be restored.

• Natural Gas – Notify your gas company if your service was interrupted or appliances were affected. Request an inspection before resuming service and never attempt repairs or relight pilot lights yourself.

• Water – If your system was damaged or touched by floodwater, or if service was interrupted, contact your provider to verify whether the water is safe for use. Follow any boil water notices or usage restrictions issued in your area.

• Internet and Phone – If equipment was damaged or you lost service, ask about temporary suspension options, device replacement, or access to emergency internet programs.

• Trash and Sanitation – Let your provider know if your property is unoccupied or if pickups were missed. Ask about modified collection schedules, debris removal programs, or drop-off sites for spoiled or damaged items.
  
  

 Best Practices

• Notify all providers of any change in occupancy or if you’ve temporarily relocated.

• Keep written records of service status updates, confirmation numbers, and who you spoke with.

• Request written instructions for inspections or reconnection procedures.

• If you’re staying elsewhere, ask to pause billing or forward final bills to your new location.

Resources

View Utility Resources

Many recovery updates—including insurance documents, benefit letters, and legal notices—will be sent by mail. If you’ve relocated, even temporarily, submitting a Change of Address ensures that critical communications reach you without delay.

If you’ve left your home, submit a Change of Address with the U.S. Postal Service (USPS) as soon as possible. You can do this online at www.usps.com, by phone, or in person at any post office. Be sure to provide both your old and new addresses and indicate whether the change is temporary or permanent.

If mail delivery is disrupted in your area, check with your local post office about mail holds or pickup options. In some cases, USPS may suspend delivery but allow residents to collect mail from designated locations.

Best Practices

• Double-check that all government agencies, insurers, banks, and service providers have your updated mailing address.

• Use a secure, consistent mailing address—even a trusted relative’s or P.O. Box—if your housing situation is still changing.

• Ask your post office about extended mail forwarding or disaster-related options if you're unsure how long you’ll be away.

• Keep a list of expected documents (e.g., insurance checks, FEMA notices) and track what you receive to avoid missing important deadlines.

Mail can be a key link to benefits, funding, and time-sensitive decisions—keeping it current helps protect your recovery timeline.

After a disaster, it’s important to notify key organizations that can help meet the unique needs of your household. Families with children, older adults, and individuals with disabilities may rely on specialized services—so connecting with the right programs early can speed up recovery, reduce disruptions, and restore critical support.

For Families with Children

• Contact your local school district for help keeping your child enrolled in school or transferring to a new one if you've moved. Don’t delay school re-enrollment, even if your housing is temporary—school staff can help restore routine and connect you to other local supports.

• Notify your childcare providers of any changes in location or schedule, and ask if emergency care or financial assistance is available.

• Keep your pediatrician or family doctor informed about changes in your child’s housing, behavior, or routine, and continue regular checkups and vaccinations.

• Notify your primary care providers and any specialists of medication or treatment disruptions, and confirm where medical records and prescriptions should be sent.

For Older Adults

• Notify your primary care providers and any specialists of medication or treatment disruptions, and confirm where medical records and prescriptions should be sent.

• Contact your pharmacy to make sure you can access necessary medications—especially if your usual location is closed or unreachable.

• The Area Agency on Aging (AAA) in your region can help with meal programs, in-home support, transportation services, and legal aid. 

• If you receive Social Security benefits, update your mailing address or direct deposit information with the Social Security Administration (SSA) as soon as possible to avoid payment interruptions.

• Provide a point of contact for accommodation requests to assist through the process.

• Plan to check in on a daily basis with their support network.
  
  

For People with Disabilities

• Notify your disability case manager or support coordinator about any changes in location, medical needs, or daily routines. 

• Centers for Independent Living (CILs) can also provide valuable support, including advocacy, help with accessible housing, and guidance through the disaster recovery process.

• If mobility aids or medical equipment were damaged or lost, contact your durable medical equipment provider to request replacements and ask about delivery options. 

• For school-age children with disabilities, reach out to your child’s IEP or 504 coordinator to make arrangements for continued support and classroom accommodations.

• Provide a point of contact for accommodation requests to assist through the process.

• Plan to check in on a daily basis with their support network. 

• Notify your primary care providers and any specialists of medication or treatment disruptions, and confirm where medical records and prescriptions should be sent.

Be sure to document any additional needs—such as transportation, home accessibility, language access, financial need,  or communication tools—when applying for recovery assistance. This ensures your full situation is recognized and supported.

Resources
View Child Resources
View Senior and Disability Resources

Identification or legal documents are often required to access recovery assistance, return to your home, verify your identity, and reestablish financial or legal services.

Start by making a list of what’s missing. Many survivors will need to replace one or more of the following:

• Driver’s license or state ID

  Request a replacement online or at your nearest Colorado DMV office. You may need proof of identity and residence. Though you cannot set it up without a copy of your physical ID, if it is set up, you can use the contactless Colorado Digital ID through the myColorado app as a secure electronic version of your driver license or state-issued ID card as proof of identification, age and address within the state. It may not be recognized in all instances that require an ID, especially for federal assistance. 

• Social Security card

  Apply for a free replacement through the Social Security Administration. You'll need proof of identity, which can include a temporary state ID or certified birth record.

• Birth certificate
  
Request a certified copy from the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment. If born in another state, check that state’s vital records office.

• Marriage certificate

  Contact the county clerk’s office where the marriage license was issued. Most offices allow you to request a certified copy online or by mail.

• Green card or immigration papers

  If your immigration documentation has been damaged, destroyed, or lost, reach out to your local immigrant serving nonprofit and consider working with an immigration lawyer. If you don't know where to begin, reach out to the Colorado Office of New Americans, which can help.

• Passport
  
Report your passport lost or damaged to the U.S. State Department. Begin the replacement process by submitting Form DS-64 and Form DS-11 at travel.state.gov.

• Tribal ID or documents

  Contact your tribal government office or enrollment department for instructions on replacing identification or membership records.

• Court orders (custody, restraining orders, etc.)

  Reach out to the clerk of the court that issued the order. They can help you request official copies. Bring any identifying information you still have, such as a case number.

Many of these agencies offer emergency services during declared disasters, and some may temporarily waive fees. If you're unsure where to start, prioritize your most essential documents—usually your state ID and Social Security card—and ask a local official or shelter provider if you need help verifying your identity in the meantime.

Resources

View Document Replacement Resources

Property owners may need to recover essential documents that prove ownership, verify residency, or support insurance and assistance claims after a disaster.

You may need to replace the following: 

• Property deed or mortgage documents

  Request a copy of your property deed from your county recorder or clerk’s office. If you have a mortgage, your loan servicer can provide your account information and loan terms.

• Homeowners insurance policy
  
Contact your insurance provider to request a full copy of your policy, including your declarations page, which outlines what’s covered and any exclusions.

• Property tax records

  Visit your county assessor or treasurer’s office online or in person to view or request copies of your most recent property tax statements.

• Vehicle title and registration

  If your vehicle documents were lost or damaged, request replacements through the Colorado DMV at mydmv.colorado.gov. Be prepared to verify your identity and ownership.

Keep all recovered records in a safe, waterproof folder and consider making digital copies for backup. These documents will support your ability to move forward with insurance claims, rebuilding, or applying for long-term recovery assistance. Consider using the myColorado app to securely keep documents on hand from your ID to insurance cards, vehicle title, registrations, and more.

Resources

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After a disaster, you may need to recover key financial and insurance records to access support, verify income, confirm coverage, or manage loans and accounts.

Many property owners will need access to some or all of the following:

• Bank statements or account numbers

  Contact your bank or credit union to request recent statements or account details. Many institutions offer secure access through mobile apps or online banking.

• Credit or debit cards

  If your cards were lost or damaged, call your financial institution (bank, credit card company, etc.) to cancel the cards and request replacements to a deliverable address. Most banks can ship new cards quickly during emergencies.

• Loan documents (home, auto, student, etc.)
  Reach out to each loan servicer to request a copy of your loan agreement and balance information. This includes mortgage providers, auto lenders, and student loan servicers.

• Income verification (pay stubs, tax returns)
  Ask your employer or payroll provider for recent pay stubs. You can also access tax return transcripts from the IRS at irs.gov through the “Get Transcript” tool. Certain assistance programs will require income verification to assess program eligibility.

• Insurance policies (auto, health, life, flood)
  Contact each insurance provider to request copies of your policies and declarations pages. If you had flood insurance through the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP), visit floodsmart.gov or call your insurance agent. These documents will be important as you advocate for what you are owed per the terms of your policies. 

• Retirement or investment account records

  Contact your retirement or investment company to get updated statements or access online portals. These may include 401(k), IRA, pension, or brokerage accounts.

Resources

View Document Replacement Resources

Replacing lost or damaged medical records is important for continuing care, accessing prescriptions, verifying insurance, and maintaining benefits. This includes any health-related documents for yourself, your dependents, or individuals in your care with disabilities or medical conditions.

  Common examples include:

• Health insurance card or policy information

  Contact your health insurance provider to request a new card and verify current coverage. If your insurance is through an employer or the Colorado Exchange, they can help you access replacement information.

• Vaccination records

  If your records were destroyed, check with your primary care provider, pediatrician, or state immunization registry for copies. Schools or pharmacies may also have copies on file.

• Prescription information and pharmacy records
  
Call your pharmacy to request a list of active prescriptions and recent refills. They can also help you transfer prescriptions to a new location if needed.

• Medicare or Medicaid cards
  
Request replacement cards by visiting ssa.gov for Medicare or colorado.gov/health for Medicaid services. If you need immediate proof of coverage, ask a caseworker or pharmacist for assistance.

• Medical equipment prescriptions or device records

  Contact your healthcare provider or durable medical equipment (DME) supplier to request copies of prescriptions, warranty information, or service records for devices like CPAP machines, wheelchairs, or oxygen tanks.

• Disability documentation or benefits paperwork
  
If you receive disability-related services or income (such as SSI, SSDI, or Medicaid waivers), notify your case manager or the Social Security Administration about your situation. Ask for copies of any paperwork that confirms your eligibility, diagnosis, or required accommodations.

Resources

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Replacing school and employment records can help you maintain access to services, continue your education or career, and apply for assistance or job opportunities during recovery. These documents may also be needed to verify eligibility for programs that support working families, students, or individuals with disabilities.

Make a list of what’s missing or needs to be updated. Common documents include:

• School transcripts or diplomas

  Contact the school district, college, or university that issued your records. Many institutions can provide electronic copies or send official transcripts directly to new schools or employers.

• Professional licenses or certifications

  Reach out to the issuing board or agency for a replacement. In Colorado, many licenses—such as for teachers, nurses, or contractors—can be managed through online state licensing portals.

• Employment records or pay stubs
  
Ask your employer or payroll provider for recent pay stubs or job verification letters. These can be used to prove income and employment status for disaster relief or housing programs.

• Work-related tax forms (W-2s, 1099s, etc.)
  
Contact your employer or tax preparer for copies of your tax forms. You can also request transcripts of prior-year tax returns from the IRS at irs.gov using the "Get Transcript" tool. These forms may be required for financial aid, unemployment claims, or income verification.

• Childcare or special education plans (e.g., IEPs or 504 plans)

  Contact your child’s school or education service provider to replace individualized education plans or accommodation records. These are critical for ensuring consistent support if your child enrolls in a new district or resumes services after a disruption.

Resources

View Document Replacement Resources

If you are a veteran, active-duty service member, or dependent, recovering your military records is important for accessing healthcare, benefits, and financial assistance.

Documents to gather or replace may include:

• DD-214 (Certificate of Release or Discharge from Active Duty)

  This document is essential for proving veteran status. You can request a copy from the National Archives at archives.gov/veterans or contact your local VA office for assistance.

• VA Medical Records or ID Cards

  Contact your nearest VA medical center to recover health records or request a replacement Veterans Health Identification Card (VHIC).

• Military ID or Dependent ID Cards

  Visit your nearest military ID card issuing facility or use the RAPIDS appointment system at idco.dmdc.osd.mil to schedule a replacement.

• Military Pay and Benefit Information
  
Log in to MyPay or contact the Defense Finance and Accounting Service (DFAS) to access your pay records or benefit details.

Resources

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If you are an immigrant, refugee, or non-citizen resident, protecting and replacing your legal documentation is critical for maintaining your status and accessing benefits or services. If your immigration documentation has been damaged, destroyed, or lost, reach out to your local immigrant serving nonprofit and consider working with an immigration lawyer. If you don't know where to begin, reach out to the Colorado Office of New Americans, which can help.

Documents to locate or replace may include:

• Green Card (Permanent Resident Card)

• Work Authorization (EAD card)

• Immigration Court Orders or Asylum Documentation

• Travel Documents (Visas, Passports)

  • Contact your country’s embassy or consulate in the U.S. to request passport replacement. Work with an immigrant serving non-profit or immigration lawyer if your visa records are damaged or lost. 

Resources

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Caregivers should prioritize replacing critical documents for children and older adults, as these are often needed for education, healthcare, and benefit programs.

For Children:

• Birth Certificate

  Request a certified copy through the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment or the vital records office in the child’s birth state.

• Immunization Records
  
Ask your child’s pediatrician or school nurse. In Colorado, you can also use the CIIS Public Portal to view and print records.

• School Transcripts or IEP/504 Plans

  Contact your child’s current or most recent school district. If you’ve relocated, school staff can request records directly from the previous school.

• Childcare Enrollment Documents

  Reach out to your childcare provider to request a copy or confirmation of enrollment and services.
  
  

For Older Adults:

• Medicare Card or Supplemental Insurance

  Request a new Medicare card at ssa.gov or by calling 1-800-MEDICARE. Contact any supplemental insurance providers directly for policy details.

• Power of Attorney or Health Proxy Documents

  If the original was created through a lawyer, contact their office. If filed with a court, request a copy from the appropriate county clerk’s office.

• Disability Benefit Records (SSDI, SSI, Medicaid waivers)

  Contact the Social Security Administration at ssa.gov or your case manager to request benefit verification letters or replacement paperwork.

• Advance Directives or Living Wills

  If created through a healthcare provider, attorney, or hospital, request a duplicate from the issuing entity. Some documents may be stored in your medical records or state registry.

For both children and seniors, maintain a physical and digital copy of any document you replace. If someone in your care has a case manager, notify them about what’s missing—they can often help recover multiple records at once.

Resources

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For Household Pets and Service Animals:

• Vaccination Records – Especially rabies certificates, which are required for boarding, shelters, or re-entry to some jurisdictions.

  • • How to replace: Contact your veterinarian or pet clinic. Many keep digital records and can reissue copies.

• Microchip Information – Includes registration number and contact info tied to your pet’s microchip.

  • • How to replace/update: Visit the microchip company’s website (e.g., HomeAgain, AVID, PetLink) to update owner info or request confirmation of registration. You can look up the company via the Universal Pet Microchip Lookup Tool. 

• Pet License or Registration – Required in many municipalities to confirm ownership and rabies vaccination.

  • • How to replace: Contact your city or county animal control or licensing department.

• Service Animal Certification or Documentation – May be needed for travel, housing, or public access.

  • • How to replace: Contact the organization that issued the certification or supporting documentation.

• Veterinary Records – Proof of medications, diagnoses, or special care needs.

  • • How to replace: Reach out to your veterinarian’s office. If the clinic was impacted, regional vet associations may help track records.

Resources

View Document Replacement Resources

Repairs may be the best choice when your home is structurally sound, most damage is cosmetic or localized, and repair costs are lower than rebuilding. Repairs may also allow you to return home more quickly.

What to consider:

• Amount of Damage: If your roof, plumbing, electrical, or interior was damaged but your foundation and framing are intact, a full rebuild may not be necessary.

• Insurance Coverage: If your policy covers repairs but not full replacement, it may make more financial sense to repair.

• Emotional Connection: If you want to preserve your home as it was, repair may feel less disruptive to your sense of home and community.
  
  

Steps to take:

• Meet with your insurance adjustor: Work through your insurance company to talk with your insurance adjustor. They will provide additional guidance on documentation needed to determine coverage for your claim. If the damage is insured, the adjuster will provide an estimate of cost to make repairs. This information should be provided to your chosen contractor. You will be responsible for your deductible and any repairs that are not covered under the policy. Note: The insurance adjustor or “independent adjustor” sent by your insurance company works for and is paid by your insurance company. Some people choose to hire a public adjustor who works for them to manage, negotiate, and settle property damage claims, and who the property owner pays, typically based on a percent of the insurance settlement. 

• Consider Professional Inspection: Depending on the level of damage and your comfort assessing damages yourself, you may want to hire a professional inspector since even if your home looks safe, a licensed inspector can identify hidden issues like water damage, structural cracks, or compromised systems that could become more costly down the road. Note however that your insurance company may not pay for this and it can add additional expenses to your recovery. 

• Prioritize Health and Safety Repairs First: Focus on fixing mold, leaks, damaged electrical lines, and HVAC systems before cosmetic issues. These can pose immediate health risks or worsen over time.

• Get Multiple Estimates: Contact at least three licensed contractors and request detailed, written quotes. Make sure the contractors are familiar with disaster repair requirements.

• Confirm Permitting Requirements: Visit your local building department to check whether your repairs require a permit. Skipping this step may disqualify you from future assistance or insurance claims.

• Keep All Documentation: Save inspection reports, estimates, permits, invoices, and photos before, during, and after repairs. You may need them to verify eligibility for grant or loan programs.

Resources

View Repair and Rebuilding Resources

Rebuilding may be necessary if your home was destroyed or suffered major structural damage that makes it unsafe or more expensive to repair than to replace.

What to consider:

• Extent of Damage: If your home has significant foundation issues, structural collapse, or widespread contamination (like asbestos or mold), rebuilding may be required.

• Code Compliance: Rebuilding gives you the opportunity to bring your home up to current safety codes and floodplain or wildfire-resiliency standards.

• Cost vs. Long-Term Value: Rebuilding may be more expensive upfront, but it could lead to higher long-term value, lower maintenance, and reduced risk.
  
  

Steps to take:

• Consult Local Officials

  Meet with your local building department to understand new rebuilding requirements, elevation rules, or zoning changes that could affect your plans.

• Work with a Licensed Builder or Architect
  
Rebuilding usually requires professional design, permitting, and construction. Choose someone experienced with post-disaster rebuilding and familiar with local codes.

• Schedule a Structural Inspection
  
Before making rebuilding plans, have a licensed engineer or inspector assess the full extent of damage. An inspection report will help you determine if rebuilding is necessary and guide you in estimating costs and timelines.

• Develop a Realistic Budget and Timeline
  
Include demolition, permitting, materials, labor, and temporary housing in your estimate. Rebuilding can take many months—plan accordingly.

• Coordinate with Your Insurance and Assistance Programs
  
Insurance may release rebuilding funds in stages. Grant and loan programs often require documentation, inspections, or environmental reviews before work begins. Keep paperwork on everything.

Before starting construction, make sure you’ve received all necessary permits. Unpermitted work could lead to fines or disqualification from recovery programs. Inspections may also be required throughout the rebuild to confirm progress and safety. Remember to save all your paperwork and store it in a safe and secure location.

Resources

View Repair and Rebuilding Resources

In some cases, the best choice may be to relocate permanently. This is especially true when rebuilding isn’t financially feasible, or your home is in a high-risk area.

What to consider:

• Safety and Risk: If your home is in a flood zone, wildfire corridor, or landslide-prone area, future risk may outweigh the value of staying.

• Financial Feasibility: If insurance or assistance doesn’t cover the full cost to repair or rebuild, relocating may reduce future expenses.

• Personal or Family Needs: If disaster impacts have made it hard to access work, schools, or caregiving, it may make more sense to start fresh in a new area. You may also consider if your family situation has changed such that you might want to downsize or upsize.
  
  

Steps to take:

• Talk to Local Officials About Buyouts or Relocation Support

  Some areas offer voluntary buyout programs that help you sell your damaged property and relocate to a safer location. Check with your city or county for availability.

• Calculate the Full Cost of Moving

  Include transportation, new housing deposits, utility connection fees, storage, and temporary living costs. Compare that to the cost of staying.

• Secure Housing Before Leaving

  If possible, identify a stable housing option before making a final decision. Consider proximity to work, school, and services.

• Preserve Property Records
  
Keep all documentation related to ownership, damage, and disaster recovery—this will help if you apply for relocation assistance or sell your property.
  
  

[Resources]

Making property decisions after a disaster is often complicated. You may be balancing emotional, financial, and logistical concerns while navigating unfamiliar programs and requirements. Professional support, oftentimes offered through your local Housing Authority, can help you understand your options, avoid common mistakes, and stay on track.

Housing Counseling

HUD-certified housing counselors offer free or low-cost, one-on-one support to help you:

• Evaluate Your Financial Situation: Counselors can help you review your income, insurance, and potential repair costs to determine what’s realistic and sustainable.

• Understand Recovery Assistance: They can walk you through eligibility requirements for FEMA, SBA, HUD, and other state or local aid—and help you avoid scams.

• Prevent Foreclosure: If you’ve lost income or your home is unlivable, housing counselors can help you explore mortgage forbearance, payment relief, or loan modification options.

• Compare Options for Repair vs. Relocation: Counselors can help you assess the pros and cons of staying or moving based on your financial resources and goals, and housing availability.

Housing counselors are trained to provide unbiased, personalized guidance. They don’t sell products or work for your mortgage company—they work for you. This makes them a trusted source for understanding what’s possible and what’s next.

Tax Support and Financial Planning

Disasters can significantly affect your taxes—and proper guidance can help you avoid surprises, recover faster, and make informed financial decisions.

Tax professionals and IRS disaster resources can help with:

• Disaster-Related Tax Relief: If your area received a federal disaster declaration, you may qualify for extended deadlines, waived penalties, or special deductions for uninsured losses.

• Casualty Loss Deductions: You may be eligible to deduct the value of property lost or damaged in the disaster, even if you don't itemize deductions—especially if insurance didn’t fully cover the damage.

• Insurance and FEMA Payment Reporting: A tax professional can help you understand what assistance is taxable (most isn’t), and how to properly report disaster-related funds or reimbursements.

• Capital Gains Planning: If you're selling your property or accepting a buyout, a tax advisor can help you understand how the transaction could affect your future taxes.

• Filing Amendments or Claims for Refund: In some cases, you can amend a prior year’s tax return to claim losses and receive a refund sooner.

Misreporting disaster losses or missing key tax benefits can delay your recovery or cost you money. Working with a tax advisor ensures you’re making financially sound decisions—especially when choosing whether to rebuild, relocate, or sell.

Legal Assistance

Legal issues often arise after a disaster—especially when it comes to insurance claims, contractor disputes, ownership rights, and access to assistance. Free legal assistance may be available in certain circumstances and particularly for low income individuals.

Legal aid organizations can help with:

• Insurance Disputes: If your claim is denied or delayed, legal experts can help you understand your rights and respond effectively.

• Title and Deed Issues: If your name is not on the deed or if a relative passed away without a will, attorneys can help you resolve ownership issues that may block assistance.

• Contractor Fraud: Legal aid can help you cancel bad contracts, pursue complaints, and recover damages.

• Inheritance, Probate, and Family Law: Legal experts can help with custody documents, guardianship, restraining orders, and wills—all of which may be disrupted in a disaster.

• Land Use or Buyout Agreements: If you’re offered a voluntary buyout, lawyers can review the agreement to make sure your rights and interests are protected.

Without legal help, some survivors risk losing access to funding, being taken advantage of, or getting stuck in the recovery process. Legal aid ensures your rights are upheld—especially when dealing with complicated paperwork, disputes, or deadlines.

Resources

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View Legal Resources

Once you’ve reported the damage, documented your losses, and reviewed your insurance policy, the next step is to actively manage your claim throughout the recovery process. Staying organized and maintaining regular communication with your insurer can make a big difference in how quickly your claim is resolved and how much support you receive.

Stay in Touch with Your Insurance Provider

Check in regularly with your adjuster—especially if you're waiting on an inspection, claim decision, or reimbursement. Confirm next steps in writing and request a clear timeline for inspections, approvals, and payments. Keep a written log of every conversation, including names, dates, and key takeaways that are easy to come back to.

Coordinate Inspections and Repair Estimates

Be present for any scheduled inspections so you can point out important damage firsthand. Provide your insurance company with any contractor estimates, repair invoices, or receipts they’ve requested. If you’ve gathered multiple bids, share them so your adjuster has everything needed to move the claim forward.

Keep Your Documentation Organized

Maintain both digital and paper copies of all documents related to your claim—including your policy, inspection reports, estimates, receipts, and correspondence. Store everything in one place along with your claim number and a running list of expenses submitted or reimbursed.

Clarify Reimbursements and Payment Logistics

Ask your provider how and when payments will be issued. Will funds be sent to you or directly to a contractor? Are partial advances available? What documentation is required for each step? Getting these details up front can help avoid payment delays.

In Colorado, you have certain rights when it comes to insurance claims. See the Colorado Division of Insurance website for additional information.

Understand Any Denials or Gaps in Coverage

If any part of your claim is denied or only partially approved, request a written explanation. You may have the option to appeal or submit additional documentation. Make sure you understand your deductible, exclusions, and any limits that apply—and keep a record of all clarifications in writing.

Treat the claims process like a major project—one that deserves attention to detail, consistent follow-up, and strong documentation. Being proactive helps protect your rights, avoid miscommunication, and get the full benefit of the coverage you’ve paid for.

Resources

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Once immediate needs are stabilized and you're starting to plan next steps for your property, it's time to identify what additional help you may qualify for. Recovery assistance can come from federal and state programs, local agencies, nonprofits, and private sources—and can help with housing, repairs, rebuilding, household needs, and more.

Every program has different eligibility criteria, so it’s often important to apply for multiple types of assistance and keep track of your applications and documentation.

Duplication of Benefits (DOB)

If receiving assistance, it is important to understand potential duplication of benefits (DOB) impacts. A duplication of benefits (DOB) happens when a person, business, or entity receives disaster assistance from any number of sources (like FEMA, insurance, donations, etc.) for the same purpose or activity, and that assistance is more than the total actual need for that one thing. For example, if you have $60,000 in home damage and get $40,000 from insurance for the repair work, any additional assistance more than the $20,000 towards the remaining costs needed for the home repair is considered a DOB. Assistance for a different purpose, like rental assistance, would not create a DOB concern. Federal law prohibits paying for the same thing twice and requires clear documentation to prove there is no DOB. You can find additional information on this at the Financial Resources link below.

Types of Recovery Assistance

Recovery assistance generally falls into a few key categories:

• Housing Assistance: May include rental help, temporary housing, repair grants, or relocation support for households whose homes are unsafe or unlivable.

• Home Repair or Rebuilding Funds: Can cover emergency repairs, code upgrades, reconstruction, and/or mitigation costs. These may be provided through federal programs through FEMA or HUD-funded programs like Community Development Block Grant-Disaster Recovery, state programs, philanthropic, or nonprofit partners.

• Individual or Household Grants: Offer help with replacing belongings, paying utility bills, accessing childcare, or covering disaster-related medical or funeral expenses.

• Legal and Financial Assistance: May include help with insurance claims, contractor disputes, or mortgage relief. Some organizations also offer free legal aid for disaster survivors.

• Unmet Needs Assistance: After other forms of aid are used, some nonprofits or local long-term recovery groups can help fill gaps based on specific household needs.
  
  

Who Offers Help

Assistance may come from:

• Federal Agencies, including FEMA, the Small Business Administration (SBA), and HUD programs.

• State and County Programs, which may provide rental help, repair funds, or utility support.

• Nonprofits and Faith-Based Groups, including Red Cross, Catholic Charities, United Way, and others providing financial aid, services, or rebuilding help.

• Local Governments and Housing Authorities, especially for renters or low-income homeowners.

What You’ll Typically Need to Apply

Each program is different so always check with the program. Below are examples of common application requirements meant to reduce fraud, waste, and abuse and make sure that limited recovery resources go to disaster survivors in need:

• Proof of Identity – Such as a driver’s license, state ID, or passport

• Proof of Property Ownership – Like a deed, mortgage statement, or property tax record

• Proof of Residence – Like utility bills, lease agreements, or mail showing your home address

• Damage Documentation – Including time-stamped photos, written descriptions, and insurance claims

• Estimates or Repair Invoices – From licensed contractors or rebuilding professionals

• Financial Information and Income Verification – Such as tax returns, income verification, or insurance coverage

• Correspondence – Any letters or notices you’ve received from FEMA, insurance, or your lender
  
  

Best Practice

• Keep all your recovery-related paperwork in a dedicated folder—physical or digital—and make copies before submitting anything.

• Apply as soon as possible, even if you’re unsure whether you qualify. Many programs have deadlines, and it’s easier to withdraw an application later than to start late or miss out because the application deadline passed. 

• If you’re denied, ask for the reason in writing—some programs allow you to appeal or reapply with more documentation.

Resources

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For some property owners, doing the repairs themselves —or with help from friends and family—can feel like the quickest or most cost-effective way to move forward. While this approach may work well for minor tasks, it comes with important responsibilities and risks. Any work you complete on your own must still follow local building codes and safety standards. If you’re applying for assistance from insurance, FEMA, or other recovery programs, you’ll need to prove the work was done properly, permitted if required, and well documented.

What to Consider

• Know What’s Allowed: You are legally responsible for ensuring any work you do yourself meets local codes. Certain types of repairs—especially those involving electrical, plumbing, gas lines, or structural changes—typically must be completed or inspected by a licensed professional.

• Permitting Still Applies: Even if you’re doing the work yourself, you may still need to obtain permits from your city or county. Unpermitted work may not pass inspection later and could affect your eligibility for recovery assistance or resale value.

• Assistance May Be Impacted: If you plan to apply for FEMA, SBA, HUD, or insurance funding, poorly documented or unverified repairs may not count toward your recovery. Skipping critical steps could delay or reduce your support. If receiving assistance, it is important to understand potential duplication of benefits (DOB) impacts, along with funding sources included in DOB determinations (see Step 2.2 Identify and Apply for Additional Assistance above for more details).

• Time and Safety: Disaster repairs can be more complicated than regular home maintenance. If you're unsure about safety, material use, or construction steps, it may be more effective to consult with a contractor, inspector, or disaster case manager before beginning.
  
  

What to Do

• Check With Local Building Officials: Before starting work, contact your city or county permitting office to ask whether your repairs require a permit or inspection—even if you're doing them yourself.

• Keep All Receipts and Invoices: Save every receipt for tools, building materials, equipment rentals, or protective gear. These costs may count toward matching requirements for grants or insurance payouts.

• Track Time and Tasks: Maintain a written log that shows the date, hours worked, and what was completed. Include the names of anyone who helped and what materials were used. These can be valuable documentation for insurance and assistance applications. 

• Take Photos at Each Step: Photographs can serve as proof of damage, progress, and compliance. Take time-stamped photos before, during, and after each major task. Be sure to show the overall space as well as close-up details.

• Keep Safety in Mind: Wear protective gear, follow manufacturer instructions for tools and products, and never work in unsafe conditions like flood-contaminated areas or unstable structures.
  
  

Best Practice

If you're not sure whether you're legally allowed—or technically able—to do a repair yourself, talk with a building inspector or recovery specialist before starting. They can help you avoid costly mistakes, safety hazards, or delays in getting financial help. Taking time to do the work properly and document it thoroughly protects both your safety and your future recovery options.

Hiring a licensed, insured contractor is often the safest and most effective way to complete complex or large-scale repairs—especially when your home has sustained structural, electrical, or plumbing damage. A qualified contractor can help you navigate permitting requirements, meet building codes, and ensure the work is done correctly and legally. Most disaster recovery programs—such as FEMA Individual Assistance, HUD grants, and state-funded housing recovery efforts—require that work be completed by licensed professionals in order to qualify for reimbursement or continued support.

What to Consider

• Licensing and Insurance: The contractor you choose must be registered with the state and may need to be licensed to work in your city or county, depending on where you live in Colorado. Work with your local building or development department to understand the requirements specific to your project. Work with contractors that carry general liability and workers’ compensation insurance. This protects both you and the workers in case of accidents or damage during construction. If you aren’t sure they have this, ask for copies of their licenses and certificates of insurance. Contact the insurance producer or company identified on the certificate of insurance (COI) to verify coverage is in effect and the COI is valid. 

• Detailed Estimates: Ask for a clearly written estimate that breaks down the cost of materials, labor, permits, and additional fees. Avoid contractors who offer vague, flat-rate pricing without itemized details. Your insurer will also require this level of detail.

• Permits and Inspections: Many types of work—especially rebuilding or major system repairs, plumbing, and electrical work—require permits and city inspections. Be sure your contractor understands and agrees to follow all local permitting rules. You may also need inspections at different stages to maintain eligibility for recovery programs.

• Project Timeline: Delays can lead to increased costs, temporary housing expenses, and stalled recovery. Ask how long the project will take, what could affect the timeline, and what steps will be taken to keep the job on track.
  
  

What to Do

• Get Multiple Bids: Contact at least three licensed contractors and ask each one to visit the site and provide a written bid. Compare scope of work, materials, timelines, payment terms, and experience with disaster recovery projects.

• Verify Credentials: Use your local or state contractor licensing agency to confirm that each contractor’s license is valid and in good standing. Check for past complaints or disciplinary actions.

• Use a Written Contract: Never begin work based on a handshake or verbal agreement. Your contract should spell out everything: scope of work, materials to be used, who is responsible for cleanup, the schedule of work and payments, warranties, and what happens if there are changes or delays.

• Follow Safe Payment Practices: Avoid paying large sums up front, this opens you up to scams and limits your control over the project. A common payment schedule particularly for smaller projects, residential remodeling, and home improvement jobs involves three parts: one-third at the start of the job, one-third at the midpoint, and one-third upon final inspection and completion. Larger projects often use progress payments (monthly or by milestone) to ensure payments line up with progress, with 5-10% retainage held until final inspection, walkthrough, and punchlist items are satisfactorily complete. Keep receipts for all payments and only pay for work that has been completed.

• Ask About Experience with Recovery Programs: Some contractors specialize in post-disaster repair and are familiar with documentation requirements for FEMA, SBA, or insurance. This can streamline your process and avoid costly delays.
  
  

Best Practice

Stay actively involved in your project from start to finish. Visit the job site regularly, ask for progress updates, and keep written records of all communication. This documentation will protect you if disputes arise and can serve as valuable evidence if you’re applying for funding or facing delays. Keep copies of contracts, invoices, permits, inspection reports, and photographs of work in progress—all stored in one secure location.

After a disaster, help often comes from generous volunteer groups—whether they’re part of local nonprofits, faith-based organizations, or national recovery networks. Volunteers can provide cleanup assistance, minor repairs, and even full rebuilding support for qualified households. This kind of help can be a lifeline, especially for older adults, people with disabilities, and families with limited financial resources.

Even though this support is offered at no cost, it’s important to treat it like any other recovery work. Volunteer repairs must meet safety and building code requirements, and everything should be clearly documented to support future insurance claims or applications for disaster recovery programs.

What to Consider

• Trusted Organizations Only: Volunteers should be affiliated with recognized groups that have training, safety protocols, and insurance coverage. Avoid accepting help from individuals who show up without identification or who aren’t connected to an official organization.

• Affiliations: Many disaster response organizations are branches of faith-based groups. If they are a member of Colorado Voluntary Organizations Active in Disaster (COVOAD), or National Voluntary Organizations Active in Disaster (NVOAD), they have pledged to provide their help within the community regardless of a survivor’s religious affiliation, and that they will not discriminate in their assistance. 

• Limits on Work Scope: Volunteers can often help with tasks like debris removal, basic repairs, or rebuilding—but they typically cannot perform work that requires a license, such as electrical or plumbing, unless they are certified professionals.

• Communicating your needs: Some organizations may be able to provide tailored  support in certain circumstances. If you identify with one of the below groups, consider mentioning it so organizations can better tailor their support to your needs and circumstances.

  • • Older adults

    • People with disabilities

    • Low-income households

    • Families with young children

    • Individuals without other forms of support
      
      

What to Do

• Ask the Right Questions: When speaking with a volunteer group, ask:

  • • What services do you provide?

    • Are you connected to my city, county, or state recovery office?

    • What kind of work can your volunteers legally and safely perform?

    • Do you provide documentation or a summary of work completed?

• Document the Work: Keep a detailed record of what volunteers help with, including:

  • • Dates and start/end times

    • Tasks completed

    • Photos of the damage before and after

    • Names of the organization and team members, if available

• Request Written Confirmation: Ask the organization to give you a letter or summary of services. This should include the type of work completed, materials used, and a description of the scope. Save this in your recovery file.
  
  

Best Practice

Treat volunteer work with the same care and attention as any professional repair. That means getting things in writing, taking pictures, and tracking the work. You may need this documentation later if you apply for FEMA, insurance reimbursement, or state recovery assistance. Even when the work is free, you are still responsible for making sure it’s done safely and legally.

Unfortunately, scams are common after disasters. When communities are in crisis, dishonest individuals may take advantage of the confusion and urgency to commit fraud. Unlicensed or fake contractors might promise fast repairs, take your money, and disappear—or do shoddy work that fails inspection and slows your recovery. Others may impersonate government agencies or disaster programs in an attempt to collect personal information or illegal payments.

It’s understandable to feel pressure to act quickly—but taking the time to verify who you’re working with can save you money, time, and stress.

What to Watch For

• Upfront Demands: Be cautious of anyone who asks for full payment in advance or insists on cash-only transactions. These are major red flags.

• Uninvited Offers: Avoid people who show up at your property without being asked, especially those who offer “one-day-only” deals or claim they’re “just in the area.” Legitimate contractors rarely use high-pressure tactics.

• Fake Government or Insurance Agents: Scammers may pretend to be from FEMA, your insurance company, or another recovery agency. They might ask for payment, sensitive personal information, or bank details. These agencies never charge fees to inspect damage or apply for help.

• No Paper Trail: Be wary of anyone who refuses to put their name, business information, or terms in writing.
  
  

What to Do

• Check Credentials: In Colorado, you can often check a business license and/or professional licenses through your city or county government website. Electrical and plumbing contractors are licensed by the state and can be looked up online via DORA by the business or professional’s name. You can also file a complaint via the DORA license lookup tool. 

• Look Up Reviews and Complaints: Search online for reviews and check the Better Business Bureau (BBB) or state attorney general’s office to see if complaints have been filed.

• Ask for References: Request contact info for past clients and follow up with them about their experience.

• Get It in Writing: Before any work begins, insist on a written contract that outlines:

  • • The scope of work, including permits and passing inspections

    • Estimated costs

    • Start and finish dates

    • Payment schedule

    • Materials to be used

    • Cleanup plan and warranties

• Protect Your Personal Info: Don’t share your Social Security number, bank account details, or insurance information with anyone unless you are certain they are a verified representative of a trusted organization.
  
  

Best Practice

When in doubt, ask for help. If something feels off or you’re unsure whether a contractor, volunteer, or representative is legitimate, reach out to your:

• Local building department

• Disaster case manager

• Housing recovery counselor

• FEMA Disaster Recovery Center (if active in your area)

These professionals can help you verify the person’s identity and make sure the work is done legally and safely. Your safety and recovery depend on working with people you can trust.

Getting back to work is a key milestone in disaster recovery. It helps restore financial security, rebuilds daily routines, and brings a sense of normalcy. While some people may return to their jobs quickly, others may face job loss, business closures, or relocation that makes returning to work more difficult. Whether you’re reconnecting with your employer or starting a new job search, support is available to help you move forward.

What to Do

Notify your employer about your situation:

If you’re able to return to your previous job, let your employer know about your current circumstances—especially if you’ve had to relocate, take time off, or adjust your schedule due to recovery needs. Communication helps protect your position and allows employers to offer flexibility or support where possible.

Ask about support through your workplace:

Many employers offer Employee Assistance Programs (EAPs) that include mental health services, legal guidance, or financial planning—some of which may be expanded after a disaster. Also ask about:

• Disaster leave or extended unpaid time off

• Flexible scheduling for recovery-related appointments

• Temporary remote work options (if available)

Even if your employer doesn’t have formal programs, they may be willing to work with you on a temporary arrangement.

If your job was lost or disrupted:

You may apply for Unemployment Insurance (UI) through the standard application process if your job or employment was interrupted or ended due to a disaster AND you were paid a wage before the disaster (standard UI is not available to those who were self-employed, see Disaster Unemployment Assistance below for other options). If you are unable to work because your employer is temporarily closed (for 16 weeks or less) you may apply and indicate you are "job-attached". This application is made through the regular UI process and does not require any special disaster declarations to be activated (see resources linked below). 

If the President has authorized a Major Disaster Declaration, Disaster Unemployment Assistance (DUA) may be available. DUA is for individuals whose employment or self-employment has been lost or interrupted as a direct result of a disaster and who are not eligible for regular unemployment insurance benefits. DUA is generally available to an unemployed worker or self-employed individual who lived, worked, or was scheduled to work in the disaster area at the time of the disaster and meets the impact criteria. DUA provides temporary income to workers who lost their job, can’t reach their workplace, or have injuries and can’t perform their work duties due to a federally declared disaster. You may also qualify if:

• You’re self-employed and your business was impacted

• You were scheduled to start a job that no longer exists due to the disaster

• You’ve become the main household supporter due to a disaster-related death

Check Colorado’s unemployment website for application deadlines and required documentation.

Explore reentry and retraining options:

If you need to change careers, find a new job, or upgrade your skills, visit your local American Job Center, workforce development agency, or community college. Many offer:

• Career counseling

• Resume and interview workshops

• Job fairs and placement services

• Free or reduced-cost training and certification programs

Some areas also offer disaster-specific job assistance or temporary employment related to recovery and rebuilding.

Best Practice: Stay Organized for Employment and Benefits

Keep copies of the following in a safe place (printed copies and digital ones on your phone or in email, if possible):

• Past pay stubs or tax returns

• Employer contact information

• Job offer letters or contracts

• Layoff notices or letters of separation

• Documentation of job loss or inability to work due to the disaster

These documents are often required when applying for unemployment benefits, public assistance, or new jobs—and having them ready can help you avoid delays.

Returning to work may take time, especially if your industry was heavily impacted. Stay connected with local resources and don’t hesitate to ask for help—there are people and programs ready to support your journey back into the workforce.

Resources

View Employment Resources

After a disaster, disruptions to school or childcare can add stress and uncertainty—for both children and caregivers. Getting kids back into school or early learning programs as soon as possible can help restore a sense of safety, support healthy development, and give caregivers the time and space to focus on their own recovery efforts.

Even if your living situation is temporary or uncertain, federal protections ensure that children have the right to remain in school and access the services they need.

What to Do

If your child has been displaced or relocated:

Contact your local school district and ask to speak with the McKinney-Vento liaison. Every district is required to have one. These liaisons support students experiencing homelessness or displacement due to disaster and can help:

• Keep your child enrolled in their current school, if possible

• Arrange for transportation from your temporary housing

• Provide access to meals, school supplies, uniforms, or clothing

• Ensure enrollment even if you don’t have all the usual paperwork (e.g., immunization records or proof of address)

These services are designed to remove barriers to education and help children feel supported during uncertain times.

If your child is in childcare or preschool:

Notify your provider about your family’s situation—especially if your address, contact information, or daily schedule has changed. Ask about:

• Short-term or emergency care slots

• Drop-in care options

• Fee waivers or reduced rates for families affected by disaster

• Available services through local Early Childhood Councils or Head Start programs

If your usual childcare provider is closed or unavailable, your local human services department or 2-1-1 helpline can help you find temporary care or connect you with financial assistance.

If your child receives special education or related services:

If your child has an Individualized Education Program (IEP) or 504 Plan, those services continue—even if you’ve relocated or enrolled in a new school. Reconnect with your child’s previous provider or special education coordinator and:

• Request a copy of their IEP or 504 Plan (if not already on file)

• Set up a meeting with the new school to review and transfer services

• Ask about continuing therapies, classroom resources, or counseling

Don’t delay—these services are federally protected under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) and Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act, and schools are required to resume them without interruption.

Best Practice: Re-enroll Without Delay

Even if you expect to move again soon, don’t wait to get your child back into school or a learning environment. School offers more than academics—it provides daily structure, emotional support, meals, peer connection, and access to essential services. Starting now helps children regain a sense of normalcy and can make transitions easier down the road.

If you're unsure where to start, call your local district office or the state education department’s disaster support line. Many areas have temporary enrollment centers or mobile registration units for displaced families.

Resources

View Child Resources

Staying connected to both medical and emotional health care is essential. Even if your urgent needs have already been addressed.

Recovery can take months or even years, and health needs often evolve over time. It's common for symptoms of stress, trauma, or chronic conditions to emerge or worsen once the initial crisis has passed and the hard work of rebuilding begins.

Continue Medical Care and Manage Long-Term Health Needs

If you’ve changed providers, relocated, or are still living in temporary housing, make sure your current care team is up to date. Confirm that your medical records are transferred, prescriptions are current, and treatment plans are still working for your needs.

Stay consistent with follow-up appointments—even when other recovery tasks feel more urgent. Routine care helps you manage existing conditions and identify new concerns early.

Community health centers, local clinics, and health departments can be good sources of care if you’re between providers or need support affording services. If you were relying on temporary insurance or disaster relief programs, begin planning for long-term coverage and access to care now.

People with chronic illnesses or disabilities should work with providers to ensure that care plans, medications, and supportive services are stable and accessible. If you're unsure where to start, contact your local health department, Medicaid office, or disability services agency for help.

Prioritize Emotional Health Throughout Recovery

You or your loved ones may begin to feel the full weight of the disaster months after the event, especially as the stress of long-term repairs, financial strain, or displacement sets in. Not addressing mental and emotional health can lead to difficulties managing the demands of long-term recovery, slowing or even stalling progress on meeting important assistance deadlines, which can cost you time and money and limit your recovery options.  

Common signs of ongoing emotional distress include:

• Trouble sleeping or concentrating

• Ongoing anxiety, sadness, or irritability

• Physical symptoms like headaches or fatigue with no medical cause

• Withdrawing from others or losing interest in daily activities

• Feeling overwhelmed, hopeless, or stuck

If these feelings persist or interfere with daily life, it’s time to seek support. Start by contacting a primary care provider, behavioral health clinic, or local mental health center. Many communities also offer telehealth, support groups, or disaster-specific counseling programs. These resources can give you tools and connect you with professionals to help navigate the complexities of disaster.

Resources

View Medical Resources
View Mental Health Resources

If your vehicle was damaged, destroyed, or is no longer dependable, there are still ways to stay mobile and connected to your community. Planning ahead and knowing your options can reduce stress and help you maintain stability while you rebuild.

What to Do

If your vehicle is still usable:

Even if your car sustained minor damage, you may still be able to use it temporarily. Keep it fueled, in good working order, and stocked with basic emergency supplies, such as:

• A flashlight and extra batteries

• Bottled water and snacks

• A first-aid kit

• A phone charger

• Jumper cables

• A paper map (in case GPS isn’t available)

If repairs are needed, get a written estimate and keep photos of the damage and service receipts—especially if you plan to file an insurance claim.

If your vehicle was damaged or lost:

Start by contacting your auto insurance provider to report the damage and ask about next steps. Depending on your coverage, you may be eligible for:

• A repair or replacement settlement

• Rental car reimbursement

• Towing or temporary storage

Keep a copy of your claim, communication with your adjuster, and any receipts related to temporary transportation.

If you don’t have insurance or your claim is denied, check with local long-term recovery groups, faith-based organizations, or VOAD (Voluntary Organizations Active in Disaster) members—some may offer donated vehicles, financial assistance for repairs, or transportation grants.

Explore public transportation and local transit options:

If a personal vehicle is not available, you may have access to bus or light rail systems, commuter shuttles, or regional transit passes. Contact your local transit agency or visit their website for:

• Updated routes and schedules

• Discounted fares or free ride programs for disaster survivors

• Options for children, students, and seniors

If you're staying in temporary housing in a new area, your case manager, housing navigator, or local recovery team may be able to help identify nearby transit options.

Consider rideshare and volunteer transportation programs:

Services like Uber, Lyft, or local taxi companies can help fill transportation gaps, especially for medical or job-related travel. Some areas also have nonprofit rideshare networks or volunteer driver programs for:

• Medical appointments

• Grocery trips

• Job interviews or employment transportation

Local United Way, senior centers, or community action agencies often coordinate these services or can refer you to active programs.

Use paratransit or specialized transportation if needed:

If you or a loved one has a disability or mobility challenge, check whether your area offers paratransit services—door-to-door, on-demand transportation for people who cannot use regular public transit.

To access these services, you may need to:

• Complete an eligibility form

• Provide medical documentation

• Schedule trips in advance

Contact your local transit authority or disability resource center to get started.

Best Practice: Build a Transportation Plan

Make a list of the places you or your family need to go regularly, such as:

• Work or school

• Medical appointments

• Grocery stores or pharmacies

• Recovery services or case management meetings

• Faith or community organizations

For each location, try to identify at least two transportation options, such as driving, using a bus line, calling a rideshare, or getting help from a neighbor or volunteer. This way, if one option isn’t available, you’ll have a backup.

Staying mobile is essential to recovery. Whether you're getting to a doctor’s appointment, returning to work, or simply maintaining daily routines, having a transportation plan helps reduce stress and maintain momentum during a difficult time. Let local recovery staff know if you need help connecting with services—transportation support is often available, but it starts with knowing what to ask for.

Resources

View Transportation Resources

Disasters can disrupt care arrangements for children, older adults, and people with disabilities, leaving caregivers without the support they usually rely on. 

As recovery continues, stress and burnout can increase—but you don’t have to manage it alone. Many communities offer temporary caregiving support, in-home assistance, and emergency planning resources to help families stay stable.

What to Do

Reach out for short-term relief (respite care):

If you need time to attend appointments, manage home repairs, or simply rest, respite care services may be available to temporarily step in and provide support. These programs are especially helpful for caregivers of individuals with medical or behavioral health needs.

• Contact your local human services office or county social services agency to ask if emergency or short-term respite programs have been activated.

• Nonprofits and faith-based organizations may also provide volunteer caregiving support during recovery.

Coordinate in-home support for older adults or people with disabilities:

Recovery can increase the need for help with daily activities, especially for those with mobility or health issues. If regular caregivers are unavailable or services were interrupted, contact your:

• Area Agency on Aging (AAA) for help accessing personal care attendants, meal services, transportation, or adult day programs.

• Local disability services coordinator or independent living center for guidance on restoring access to care aides, therapy services, or assistive technology.

• If eligible, Medicaid programs may offer home- and community-based services (HCBS) to support recovery at home.

Seek support through schools and childcare providers:

If you're caring for children, reach out to your child’s school or daycare center for help navigating recovery services. Many school districts and early childhood programs coordinate with:

• Disaster response teams

• Mental health counselors

• Parent liaisons or family resource centers

They may also be aware of child care subsidies, transportation help, or temporary after-school programs to ease the burden on working caregivers.

If you're newly responsible for a child due to family displacement or illness, ask about guardianship support services, emergency foster care contacts, or legal aid to help with temporary caregiving arrangements.

Best Practice: Make a Caregiving Emergency Plan

During recovery, it’s helpful to keep a caregiving info sheet with important details, including:

• The name, age, and medical conditions of the person receiving care

• A list of medications, equipment, or therapies needed

• Regular routines, communication preferences, or mobility needs

• Contact information for doctors, therapists, and support agencies

• Names of backup caregivers and how to reach them

Keep a printed copy in your go-bag or emergency folder, and store a digital version in cloud storage if possible. Share it with a trusted friend, neighbor, or family member in case you’re unavailable or need assistance on short notice.

Caring for others while recovering from a disaster is incredibly challenging—but you’re not alone. Support is available to help you protect your loved ones while also taking care of yourself. Asking for help is not a weakness—it’s a vital part of long-term recovery.

Resources
View Child Resources
View Senior and Disability Resources

Pets are part of the family—and they, too, can experience stress and disruption following a disaster. Changes in routine, relocation, and the loss of familiar surroundings can affect your animal’s behavior, appetite, and health. As your recovery progresses, it’s important to create stability for your pets, maintain their well-being, and plan ahead for housing or caregiving challenges.

Reestablish Regular Care

Start by making sure your pets have a consistent supply of food, clean water, and a safe, quiet space to rest if possible. If you’re in temporary housing, identify a designated area where your pet feels secure, and stick to a regular feeding and walking schedule to help them readjust.

If you lost access to your veterinarian, contact local clinics, humane societies, or animal shelters for support. Many offer:

• Replacement of medical records or vaccination history

• Emergency refills of prescriptions or flea/heartworm medications

• Low-cost checkups or vaccinations for displaced families

• Referrals for behavioral support if your pet is showing signs of stress

If your pet has a chronic condition or needs special care, finding a new veterinarian is important so make sure to find and contact once as soon as possible.

Update Identification and Contact Information

If you’ve moved or changed phone numbers, make sure your pet’s microchip and ID tags reflect your new contact details. You can:

• Update your information with your veterinarian or microchip registry (such as HomeAgain, PetLink, or AKC Reunite)

• Request a replacement ID tag if the original was lost

• Ensure your pet’s rabies tag and license are current and linked to your new address

Proper ID helps reunite you with your pet quickly in case of separation and may be required for boarding or temporary housing programs.

Secure Temporary or Long-Term Arrangements

If you’re unable to care for your pet due to housing restrictions, health concerns, or financial strain, don’t wait to ask for help. Many communities have disaster-specific programs to support pet owners, including:

• Temporary foster care through animal shelters, humane societies, or pet rescue networks

• Pet boarding vouchers for disaster survivors

• Assistance through national organizations like the ASPCA, RedRover, or PetSmart Charities

• Pet-friendly shelter options coordinated by emergency management or local animal control

Reach out to your local animal services department, emergency operations center, or 2-1-1 helpline to learn what’s available in your area. Some programs may also help with pet food, crates, or leashes to make your current housing more accommodating.

Help Pets Adjust to New Routines

Just like people, pets need time to adapt to new environments. Signs of stress in animals may include:

• Hiding, pacing, or acting withdrawn

• Excessive barking, whining, or aggression

• Loss of appetite or bathroom accidents

Give your pet time and space to adjust. Use calming techniques like extra playtime, gentle touch, and familiar toys or bedding. If problems persist, a veterinarian or certified animal behaviorist may be able to help.

Caring for your pets during disaster recovery can bring comfort to both them and you. Maintaining consistent care, seeking help when needed, and making thoughtful plans for their needs will support their well-being—and help your whole household move forward with greater stability.

Resources

View Animal Care Resources 

Recovery is easier—and more sustainable—when you don’t go through it alone. Whether you're navigating repairs, displacement, job loss, or emotional stress, having people around you who care and understand your experience can make a meaningful difference. Community groups, local organizations, and social networks can offer more than just material help—they provide emotional grounding, encouragement, and a sense of belonging during an otherwise overwhelming time. Many people find their communities and informal networks of disaster survivors to be critical sources of information that can help navigate the complexities of recovery. 

What to Do

Visit community centers or resource hubs:

Many communities set up family resource centers, disaster recovery hubs, or mobile outreach units in the months after a disaster. These spaces offer information about local services, including:

• Food distribution

• Utility assistance

• Clothing or household supplies

• Mental health services

• Volunteer help for repairs or clean-up

These centers often have case managers or recovery navigators who can help you apply for aid, understand your options, or get connected to additional resources.

Reconnect with faith communities, clubs, or support groups:

If you were involved in a faith community, neighborhood organization, or local club before the disaster, consider reaching back out. These groups often mobilize quickly to support members with housing, meals, transportation, or emotional care. Even if your original gathering place is no longer available, many communities continue meeting in temporary locations or online.

For those without a prior connection, look into open support groups, community potlucks, volunteer projects, or recovery events where people come together to share, reflect, and rebuild.

Join disaster recovery groups—online or in person:

It can be comforting to talk with others who truly understand what you're going through. Online forums, local Facebook groups, and neighborhood platforms like Nextdoor may host spaces where disaster survivors share resources, exchange tips, or simply vent about the process.

In-person recovery support groups, often facilitated by mental health organizations or long-term recovery groups (LRTGs), may also offer structured conversations or drop-in sessions where people discuss topics like insurance claims, housing challenges, or emotional well-being.

Best Practice: Stay Connected—Even When It’s Hard

Recovery is often isolating. The stress of paperwork, home repairs, and disrupted routines can make it feel easier to withdraw. But social support is one of the most important parts of emotional healing. When you take time to talk, listen, share your story, or simply show up for others, you create space for hope and resilience to grow.

Don’t hesitate to:

• Call or text a trusted friend or family member

• Accept help—even if you’re used to being the helper

• Ask for a ride, a meal, or someone to talk to

• Show up for community gatherings, even if you’re unsure at first

• Set up a group recovery working session or “admin night” where people can work on their recovery tasks in community 

Everyone heals differently, but no one heals alone. The connections you rebuild now can offer strength, perspective, and lasting community as you move forward.

Rebuilding emotional well-being takes time, but one of the most powerful steps you can take is re-establishing structure and connection. Simple routines, supportive relationships, and accessible care can go a long way in helping individuals and families recover emotionally.

For Individuals and Families

Creating a basic routine can help restore a sense of control, predictability, and reduce stress. Whether you're staying in your home, shelter, or living in a temporary situation, it is recommended to create structure in your day. Consider trying out the following: 

• Build a weekly schedule that includes meals, sleep, work, school, and downtime.

• Set small, manageable goals to give each day a sense of purpose.

• Use visual tools like calendars, checklists, or chore charts to keep everyone on track.

• Make time for family conversations and regular check-ins to talk about how each person is coping. You can also check in on what is going well and new ways to incorporate self-care daily.

• Recognize that emotional distress is normal—and if symptoms persist, worsen, or interfere with daily life, seek help from a licensed counselor or mental health provider.

Be patient with yourself and your loved ones. Emotional recovery isn’t linear, and rebuilding your life will look different for everyone. Taking even small steps toward routine is a meaningful part of the healing process.

For Older Adults

As an older adult, you may face unique challenges during long-term recovery, such as medical needs, mobility limitations, or increased isolation. Ensuring consistent support and connection is key:

• Ensure continuity of care by reconnecting with primary care providers, home health agencies, and Area Agencies on Aging (AAA) to confirm care plans are active.

• Support daily living with access to meals, transportation, medications, and in-home support services. Look into resources like Meals on Wheels or local senior centers, and seek support, when needed, to coordinate these resources

• Prevent social isolation by engaging in phone check-ins, neighbor visits, or participation in community groups. Regular contact with others improves emotional well-being and reduces the risk of depression.

• If you care for an older adult, watch for delayed emotional effects such as increased confusion, withdrawal, or anxiety. Many aging services offer disaster-specific behavioral health resources tailored for older adults.

For Children and Youth

Children are especially vulnerable during times of upheaval and benefit from routine, familiarity, and reassurance. Helping them feel safe and involved can reduce fear and support emotional resilience:

• Keep children enrolled in school—even if you're temporarily displaced. Every school district has a McKinney-Vento liaison who can help with transportation, supplies, or enrollment (see “Re-Enrolling in School and Childcare” above for additional guidance).

• Provide space and time for interactions with peers. Peer interaction is important when creating connections and is developmentally appropriate to support their growth and recovery. 

• Reconnect with pediatricians, therapists, or counselors to continue or restart care. Some trauma symptoms may show up weeks or months later. If mental health services were disrupted, ask providers for help re-establishing support. When seeking mental health support for children, it can be helpful to look into experiential therapy options, such as play, art, equine, and animal therapy.

• Create predictable daily routines with set times for meals, play, learning, and rest. Even small rituals, like bedtime stories or family dinners, help children regain a sense of normalcy and can create psychological safety for them.

• Involve children in recovery through safe, age-appropriate activities like organizing belongings, helping with pets, or making thank-you notes for volunteers. Giving them small responsibilities or control over some decision-making strengthens confidence, self-competency, and reduces helplessness.

For People with Disabilities

Disasters often pose extra barriers for people with disabilities, including access to care, medications, equipment, and emotional support. Ensuring continuity of care and inclusive communication is essential:

• Ensure people with disabilities are provided accessible, integrated disaster recovery locations and resources. Avoid hospitalization or institutionalization as solutions when accommodations are sufficient. 

• Reestablish support services such as personal care assistants, physical or occupational therapy, and medication management. Connect with disability resource centers or case managers if help is needed.

• Make routines accessible by adapting schedules and tools to meet sensory, mobility, or cognitive needs. For example, use visual aids, assistive technology, or audio reminders as needed.

• Address emotional health by working with behavioral health providers familiar with disability-related needs. Telehealth options may offer added flexibility.

• Ensure inclusion in community recovery activities and decisions. People with disabilities should be active participants in shaping programs and services that impact them.

Rebuilding emotional health after a disaster takes time, support, and understanding. Whether you're caring for yourself, a child, an older family member, or someone with a disability, reintroducing structure and accessing the right resources can make a lasting difference. Recovery is not just about restoring what's lost—it's about creating a foundation for long-term resilience and well-being.

Resources

View Mental Health Resources

Typically, insurance is the most significant source of funding available to you for covering expenses ranging from additional living expenses (ALE) to repairing or rebuilding your home. See Ongoing Recovery Step 2.1: Make Decisions about your Property and Step 2.3 Decide How to Complete the Work for guidance on working with your insurance company. 

Long-term recovery help is for property owners who have used all other options but still can’t repair or rebuild their homes.

Long term recovery assistance for major repairs and rebuilding usually becomes available after short-term and emergency programs have ended. It may take time to start because special funding must be approved, and programs need to be set up.

Long term recovery programs are typically disaster-specific and get stood up on a case-by-case basis depending on the level and types of damages. For large federally declared disasters, long-term recovery programs are often funded in partnership by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) and the state and local governments. Regardless of federal declarations, programs may also be stood up by philanthropic organizations, the state, local governments, and others for specific purposes and types of assistance. 

These programs are designed to help communities rebuild in ways that are safe, strong, and fair—especially for people who may not have had the resources or support to recover, and may have income eligibility requirements.

For homeowners, this help may include:

• Rebuilding or repairing your home

• Replacing important home systems like plumbing, electrical, or heating and cooling

• Making improvements to protect your home from future damage (like flooding or wildfires)

• Helping you rebuild if your home was completely destroyed

• Implementing hazard mitigation strategies (e.g. wildfire or flood mitigation)

What You’ll Need to Apply

When long-term recovery programs become available, property owners will need to collect and organize the following information:

• FEMA Determination Letter, even if you were denied

• SBA loan documents, even if funds were canceled or were not disbursed

• Insurance claim documents, including denial letters or payment summaries

• Proof that you own the home, like a deed, property tax bill, or mortgage statement

• Proof that you lived in the home at the time of the disaster, such as a utility bill or driver’s license

• Repair estimates or bids from contractors

• Photos of the damage, including any taken right after the disaster

• Receipts or invoices for any repairs you’ve already done

Try to keep all these documents in one place, both as paper copies and digital files. This will make it easier to apply when programs open.

Colorado State-Funded Programs

In some cases, Colorado may provide state-funded housing recovery assistance on a disaster-by-disaster basis. These programs may be supported by state emergency funds, philanthropic partnerships, or community foundations.

Colorado state programs may offer:

• Support through local recovery navigators or case managers

• Referrals to partners who can assist with construction, materials, or volunteer labor

• Support of voluntary organizations, 2-1-1- and others providing direct support to survivors 

• Programs designed based on specific disaster circumstances 

Small Business Administration (SBA) Programs

Despite the name, even if you do not have a small business, SBA assistance may be available to you. SBA provides Home and Personal Property Disaster Loans to individuals and families (including homeowners and renters) after a disaster. These are low-interest, long-term loans that provide borrowers with favorable terms. Unlike some other assistance, these are loans and not grants and must therefore be repaid. These loans can help ensure you have funding available to continue to pay bills while reimbursements and insurance settlements get finalized or provide a source of credit with more favorable terms than many other lines of credit, such as credit cards. This assistance can be provided in some cases even if the President has not issued a federal disaster declaration, though it does require SBA approval on a disaster-by-disaster basis. 

HUD Community Development Block Grant Disaster Recovery (CDBG-DR) Programs

HUD’s CDBG-DR assistance is available only if Congress passes a law and provides funding for it on a case-by-case basis after the President issues a Major Disaster Declaration. As a result, it can take years to become available and is never guaranteed. If approved, funds from Congress are prioritized by local communities for projects that address long term economic revitalization, infrastructure recovery, and housing recovery. The exact programs and levels of assistance are determined based on the assessment of unmet needs and community prioritization across these three recovery areas.  By law, the programs funded by this assistance have to primarily benefit low and moderate income communities. 

What to Keep in Mind

• These programs are not immediate. Long-term recovery assistance can take several months—or longer—to roll out.

• Funding is often limited. Not all applicants will qualify, and priorities may be based on income, location, severity of damage, and unmet need.

• Stay informed. Sign up for recovery updates from your local government  and the Colorado Department of Local Affairs to know when programs open.

• Don’t wait to plan. Begin gathering documentation and exploring your options now, even if the program isn’t open yet.

Resources

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As you move through long-term recovery, it’s important to complete all construction work, close out claims, and update your property records to reflect repairs or rebuilding work.

These final steps help protect your investment, ensure your home is legally compliant, and prepare you for future needs.

Complete Repairs or Rebuilding

Once repairs or rebuilding are complete, ensure the contractors confirm all work meets local building codes. Contact your city or county building department to schedule and pass any required final inspections. Be sure to keep copies of all permits, construction plans, and approval documents in your records. After construction is finished, track any warranties provided by contractors or suppliers, and follow up promptly if any issues arise after the work is done.

Close Out Assistance and Insurance Claims

To finalize your recovery, submit all required paperwork, receipts, and documentation to FEMA, HUD, your insurance provider, or any grant programs you received assistance from. If your insurance or assistance claim was denied or reduced, consider filing an appeal—many decisions can be reconsidered with additional information. It’s also a good idea to speak with a tax advisor to understand how disaster-related expenses, assistance, or insurance payouts may affect your taxes, including possible deductions.

Review and Update Property Records

After major repairs or rebuilding, update your deed, title, and homeowner’s insurance policy to reflect any changes or improvements made to the property. Report significant updates—such as a rebuild, home elevation, or major additions—to your local tax assessor’s office or building department.

Resources

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Recovering from a disaster can leave long-term financial impacts. Once your home is repaired or rebuilt, it’s important to focus on restoring your financial footing. The steps below can help you manage debt, adjust your budget, and protect your finances moving forward.

Create or Update Your Post-Recovery Budget

Start by reviewing your income, savings, and all recovery-related expenses. If you used credit cards, loans, or personal savings during the recovery process, include these in your monthly budget. Be sure to account for ongoing costs like utilities, increased insurance premiums, and home maintenance. Free budgeting tools or templates are available through many community nonprofits and housing agencies.

Manage Recovery-Related Debt

If you took out a disaster recovery loan—such as an SBA loan—make sure you understand the repayment schedule and terms. Set up reminders for due dates and contact the lender early if you think you may fall behind. Many lenders offer restructuring, deferment, or hardship options to help borrowers manage payments over time. Keep a written record of all loan use and repayment.

Access Long-Term Financial Counseling

Professional financial counselors can help you build a long-term recovery plan, manage debt, and avoid foreclosure or credit damage. Consider meeting with a HUD-certified housing or financial counselor. These services are often free or low-cost and may be available through local recovery programs. 

Understand Tax Implications

Disaster-related expenses and insurance payouts can affect your federal and state taxes. A tax advisor can help you determine if you qualify for disaster-related deductions, property tax adjustments, or IRS relief. Keep receipts and documentation of expenses, insurance claims, and rebuilding costs to support any claims on your return.

Review and Update Insurance Coverage

After repairs or rebuilding, review your homeowner’s insurance policy to ensure your coverage reflects the updated condition and value of your home. If you've added square footage, upgraded materials, or made structural improvements, your coverage limits may need to increase.  You may be eligible for discounts such as a new roof. Ask your agent if you should add additional coverage that may not be included in your homeowner policy, such as flood, wildfire, or earthquake coverage, depending on local risks.

In Colorado as of January 1, 2025, insurers must provide detailed disclosures regarding home reconstruction costs and replacement cost estimates when you apply for and/or renew your homeowners policies so you can understand how much insurance is needed to rebuild your home and prevent underinsurance. Use this information (required by Colorado House Bill 23-1174) from the insurer to make sure you are not underinsured. You may need to shop around to get the coverage you are looking for. 

Resources

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Long-term disaster recovery is about more than rebuilding homes and restoring finances—it’s also about healing emotionally, reestablishing community connections, and helping shape what comes next. This phase of recovery offers an opportunity to strengthen your support systems and be part of your community’s path forward.

Continue Behavioral Health Support if Needed

Surviving a disaster can have lasting emotional effects—whether it's the trauma of displacement, the stress of rebuilding, or the grief associated with the loss of a loved one, lost memories, or lack of stability. These feelings can surface weeks or even months after the event, and they don’t always go away on their own.

If you engaged in counseling or behavioral health support before the disaster or during earlier recovery phases, consider continuing that care as you move forward. Ongoing therapy can help you process complex emotions, reduce anxiety, and build long-term coping skills. Even if you didn’t seek support right away, it’s never too late to start.

Behavioral health services may be available through local clinics, schools, hospitals, or nonprofit organizations. Many areas offer free or low-cost mental health support for disaster survivors, especially if federal or state funding has been activated. If you’re unsure where to begin, contact your local public health department, call 2-1-1, or ask your disaster case manager for a referral. The 988 Colorado Mental Health Line offers free, immediate support 24/7 and can be accessed by calling or texting 9-8-8. See the Mental Health resources link below for additional resources. 

Rebuild Local Social and Support Networks

After a disaster, it’s common for social networks to break down—neighbors relocate, schools close temporarily, and familiar routines are disrupted. Yet rebuilding these connections is an important part of recovery.

Make time to reconnect with people who supported you before the disaster—friends, neighbors, coworkers, or community members. Even informal gatherings like potlucks, support groups, or neighborhood clean-up days can go a long way in restoring a sense of belonging and stability.

If you’ve moved to a new area or your local community has changed significantly, look for new opportunities to connect with individuals in the community. Faith-based groups, libraries, schools, local nonprofits, and volunteer organizations often host community events, wellness programs, or recovery-related activities that are open to the public.

Support doesn’t always need to be formal—sometimes, it’s about finding people who understand what you’ve been through and are willing to walk the journey with you. Leaning on others, and allowing them to lean on you, can be a powerful part of healing.

Participate in Community Recovery Planning

Rebuilding a community after a disaster is a shared effort—and your perspective as a member of the survivor community is valuable. Local governments and community organizations often host public meetings, listening sessions, and surveys to shape long-term recovery strategies. Topics may include housing redevelopment, infrastructure improvements, future risk reduction, and resource distribution.

By participating in these efforts, you can help ensure that recovery plans reflect the real needs of residents—not just technical solutions. You’ll also gain insight into what changes are coming, what resources are being made available, and how to advocate for equity, accessibility, and inclusion in the rebuilding process.

Stay informed by signing up for updates from your local government, long term recovery groups (LTRGs) or other community groups that form after the disaster. If you’re unsure where to start, check your city or county website for announcements or reach out to a local community-based organization involved in the recovery effort.

Engaging in community recovery not only helps make sure your voice is heard—it also connects you to a larger network of people working toward recovery, shared resilience and renewal.

Resources

View Mental Health Resources