Locations: Giza, Egypt -– Satellite Map Dashur, Egypt -- Satelitte Map Saqqara Egypt -- Satelitte Map Dates Built:
How to
Get There:From the U.S., Egypt Air flies direct from JFK airport in New York to Cairo. Travelers from outside the New York area can connect in New York or a European city. A number of European airlines have direct flights to Cairo. Giza, Dashur, and Saqqara are short drives from Cairo. When to Go:Late September to late October is the best time to go in terms of weather and crowds. November to February has the best weather, but the biggest crowds. The rest of the year is intolerably hot for most tourists. Travelers should also avoid the holy month of Ramadan, when the country nearly grounds to a halt. Ramadan falls at different days every year. In 2008, it falls between September 1st and September 30th; in 2009, it falls between August 24th and September 23rd; and in 2010, it falls between August 10th and September 9th. Why They Are Important:The sheer size of the pyramids of Egypt is awe-inspiring. Throw in the fact that they were built over 4500 years ago without the use of modern equipment and you have something truly special.The three pyramids located on the Giza plateau (build by Khufu, Khafre, and Menkaure) are considered the finest in Egypt, with the Great Pyramid of Khufu (right) the top attraction. The Great Pyramid is the largest of all the pyramids, and is the only original member of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World still standing. Standing at 481 feet (146 meters), it was the tallest structure in the world for over 4000 years, until possibly being unseated by the Lincoln Cathedral in England around the year 1300 A.D. The Eiffel Tower, which was finished being built in 1889, is often listed as the structure that finally surpassed the Great Pyramid as being the world's tallest, but that seems inaccurate, especially considering that the Washington Monument, completed five years earlier, was taller than the Great Pyramid. While the pyramids of Giza are the most visited, there are over 100 pyramids in Egypt, most of them near Cairo. After the Pharoah Menkaure built the third pyramid at Giza, however, construction techniques and quality of material deteriorated, and most of the later periods are in bad shape. The best-preserved pyramids outside of Giza are the Step Pyramid (left), Bent Pyramid, and Red Pyramid, all of which pre-date the pyramids of Giza. The Step Pyramid, build for the pharaoh Djoser at Saqqara, was the first pyramid ever built. The pyramid was built by stacking six mastabas (early rectangular Egyptian tombs) of decreasing size one on top of the other. The Red Pyramid at Dashur (top, left) build by the Pharaoh Sneferu is considered the first true pyramid, and is the third-largest of the Egyptian pyramids behind the Great Pyramid and the pyramid of Khafre at Giza. The Bent Pyramid bottom, left), also built by Sneferu at Dashur, is unique in that it has most of its outside limestone casing in tact, giving visitors a good impression of what the pyramids looked like in their glory days. Interesting Tidbits:
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