Recent Small Target Detection

Conventional Deep Learning (260 papers)

J. Bai, H. Zhang, Z. Li, "The Generalized Detection Method for the Dim Small Targets by Faster R-CNN Integrated with GAN", IEEE International Conference on Communication and Information Systems, ICCIS 2018, pages 1-5, Singapore, 2018. 

M. Zhao, L. Cheng, X. Yang, P. Feng, L. Liu, N. Wu, “TBC-Net: A real-time detector for infrared small target detection using semantic constraint”, Preprint 2019.

Q. Hou, Z. Wang, F. Tan, Y. Zhao, H. Zheng, W. Zhang, "RISTDnet: Robust Infrared Small Target Detection Network", IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, 2021.

B. Zhao, C. Wang, Q. Fu, Z. Han, "A Novel Pattern for Infrared Small Target Detection With Generative Adversarial Network", IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2020.

Z. Song, J. Yang, D. Zhang, S. Wang, Z. Li, "Semi-Supervised Dim and Small Infrared Ship Detection Network Based on Haar Wavelet",  IEEE Access, Volume 9, pages 686-695, 2021. 

G.  Zhou, L. J. Xu, W. C. Zhou, “Research on small target detection method of infrared sequence image based on depth learning", Laser Journal, Volume 41, No. 12, pages 61-64, 2020.

B. McIntosh, S. Venkataramanan, A. Mahalanobis, “Infrared Target Detection in Cluttered Environments by Maximization of a Target to Clutter Ratio (TCR) Metric using a Convolutional Neural Network", IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and  Electronic Systems, Volume 57, No. 1, pages 485-496, 2020.

Y. Dai, Y. Wu, F. Zhou, K. Barnard, “Asymmetric contextual modulation for infrared small target detection", CVPR 2021, pages 950–959, 2021.

Y. Dai, Y. Wu, F. Zhou, K. Barnard, “Attentional local contrast networks for infrared small target detection", IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2021.

B. Li, C. Xiao, L. Wang, Y. Wang, Z. Lin, M. Li, W. An, Y. Guo, “Dense nested attention network for infrared small target detection", Preprint, 2021.

M. Zhang, R. Zhang, Y. Yang, H. Bai, J. Zhang, J. Guo, "ISNet: Shape Matters for Infrared Small Target Detection", IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, CVPR 2022, New Orleans, USA, 2022.

X. Qin, Z. Zhang, C. Huang, M. Dehghan, O. Zaiane, M. Jagersand, “U2-net: Going deeper with nested u-structure for salient object detection,” Pattern Recognition, 2020.

X. Wu, W. Li, D. Hong, Z. Huang, R. Tao, "Going Deeper with U-Net for Infrared Small Object Detection", IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, 2021.

H. Wang, L. Zhou,  L. Wang, “Miss detection vs. false alarm: Adversarial learning for small object segmentation in infrared images', CVPR 2019, pages 8509–8518, 2019.

S. Chen, Z. Chen, X. Xu, N. Yang, X. He, "Nv-Net: Efficient infrared image segmentation with convolutional neural networks in the low illumination environment", Infrared Physics and Technology, Volume 105, March 2020.

H. Wang, M.  Shi, H. Li,  "Infrared dim and small target detection based on two-stage U-skip context aggregation network with a missed-detection-and-false-alarm combination loss", Multimedia Tools and Applications, Volume 79, No. 47, pages 35383-35404, May 2019.

G. Chen, W.Wang, S. Tan, “IRSTFormer: A hierarchical vision transformer for infrared small target detection", Remote Sensing, Volume 14, No. 14, page  3258, 2022.

J. Lin, S. Li, L. Zhang, X. Yang, B. Yan, Z. Meng, “IR-TransDet: Infrared Dim and Small Target Detection With IR-Transformer", IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Volume 61, pages 1–13, 2023.

F. Liu, C. Gao, F. Chen, D. Meng, W. Zuo,  X. Gao, “Infrared Small and Dim Target Detection with Transformer under Complex Backgrounds", IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, Volume 32, pages 5921-5932, 2023.

T. Zhang, L. Li, S. Cao, T. Pu, Z. Peng, ”Attention-Guided Pyramid Context Networks for Detecting Infrared Small Target Under Complex Background", IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, 2023. 

Y. Han, J. Liao, T. Lu, T. Pu, Z. Peng, “KCPNet: Knowledge-Driven Context Perception Networks for Ship Detection in Infrared Imagery", IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Volume 61, pages 1-19, 2023.

T. Wu, B. Li, Y. Luo, Y. Wang, C. Xiao, T. Liu, J. Yang, W. An, Y. Guo, “MTU-Net: Multilevel TransUNet for Space-Based Infrared Tiny Ship Detection", IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Volume 61, pages 1-15, 2023.

J. Zhu, S. Chen, L. Li,  L. Ji, “SANet: Spatial Attention Network with Global Average Contrast Learning for Infrared Small Target Detection", IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, ICASSP 2023, pages 1-5, 2023.

H. Sun, J. Bai, F. Yang,  X. Bai, “Receptive-Field and Direction Induced Attention Network for Infrared Dim Small Target Detection with a Large-Scale Dataset IRDST", IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Volume 61, pages 1-13, 2023.

W. Tang, Q. Dai, F. Hao, "Differential Attention Orientated Cascade Network for Infrared Small Target Detection", IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, Volume 17, pages 9253-9265, 2024.

M. Zhang, H. Yang, J. Guo, Y. Li, X. Gao “IRPruneDet: efficient infrared small target detection via wavelet structure-regularized soft channel pruning”, AAAI 2024, 2024.

S. Yuan, H. Qin, X. Yan, N. Akhtar, A. Mian, "SCTransNet: Spatial-Channel Cross Transformer Network for Infrared Small Target Detection”,  IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Volume 62, pages 1-15, 2024.

X. Xu, W. Zhan, Y. Jiang, D. Zhu, Y. Chen, J. Guo, “A single-frame infrared small target detection method based on joint feature guidance”, Complex and Intelligent Systems, April 2024.

S. Chen, L. Ji, J. Zhu, M. Ye, X. Yao, "SSTNet: Sliced Spatio-Temporal Network with Cross-Slice ConvLSTM for Moving Infrared Dim-Small Target Detection”, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Volume 62, pages 1-12, 2024.

J. Zhao, Z. Shi, C. Yu, Y. Liu, “Infrared small target detection based on adjustable sensitivity strategy and multi-scale fusion”, Preprint, July 2024.

C. Yu, Y. Liu, J. Zhao, Z. Shi, "LR-Net: A Lightweight and Robust Network for Infrared Small Target Detection", Preprint, 2024.

Q. Liu, R. Liu, B. Zheng, H. Wang, Y. Fu, “Infrared Small Target Detection with Scale and Location Sensitivity”, IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, CVPR 2024, pages 490-499, 2024.

X. Chen, J. Li, T. Gao, Y. Piao, H. Ji, B. Yang, W. Xu, "Dynamic Context-Aware Pyramid Network for Infrared Small Target Detection”, IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, Volume 17, pages 13780-13794, 2024.

D. Zang, W. Su, B. Zhang, H. Liu, "DCANet: Dense Convolutional Attention Network for infrared small target detection", Measurement, 2024.

I. Lee, C. Park, "Hybrid Network based on Hierarchical Multipatch Feature Encoder for Infrared Small Target Detection”, IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, 2024.

X. Peng, C. Qiu, W. Yang Y. Liu, Z. Zhang, “PAU2-Net: local and global interaction for infrared small target detection”, Remote Sensing Letters, 2024.

Y. Huang, X. Zhi, J. Hu, L. Yu, Q. Han, W. Chen, "LMAFormer: Local Motion Aware Transformer for Small Moving Infrared Target Detection”, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Volume 62, pages 1-17, 2024.

N. Kumar, P.  Chib, P. Singh, “STNet: Small Target Detection Network for IR Imagery”,  ICPR 2024, 2024.

S. Wu, C. Xiao, Y. Wang, J. Yang, W. An, "Sparsity-Aware Global Channel Pruning for Infrared Small-target Detection Networks", IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2025.

C. Liu, X. Song, D. Yu, L. Qiu, F. Xie, Y. Zi, "Infrared Small Target Detection Based on Prior Guided Dense Nested Network”, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2025.

Y. Luo, X. Li, S. Chen, "Spatial-Temporal Aware-based Unsupervised Network for Infrared Small Target Detection", IEEE Transactions on Multimedia, 2025.

N. Li, X. Yang, H. Zhao, “DBMSTN: A Dual Branch Multiscale Spatio-Temporal Network for Dim-Small Target Detection In Infrared Image”, Pattern Recognition, 2025.

F. Zhang, H. Hu, B. Zou, M. Luo, “M4Net: Multi-Level Multi-Patch Multi-Receptive Multi-Dimensional Attention Network for Infrared Small Target Detection”, Neural Networks, 2025.

Y. Luo, X. Li, S. Chen, "Spatial-Temporal Aware-based Unsupervised Network for Infrared Small Target Detection", IEEE Transactions on Multimedia, 2025.

Q. Ma, X. Li, S. Wang, J. Zhai, X. Zhao, H. Hu, "OIPF: An Orthogonal Inputs Perception Fusion Framework for Infrared Small Target Detection", IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, 2025. 

S. Peng, L. Ji, S. Chen, W. Duan, S. Zhu, "Temporal Segmentation Modeling with Sample Augmentation for Moving Infrared Small Target Detection", Preprint, 2025.

R. Ni, J. Wu, Z. Qiu, L. Chen, C. Luo, F. Huang, "Point-to-Point Regression: Accurate Infrared Small Target Detection with Single-Point Annotation", IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2025.

C. Hu, Y. Huang, K. Li, L. Zhang, C. Long, Y. Zhu, "DATransNet: Dynamic Attention Transformer Network for Infrared Small Target Detection”, IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, 2025.

H. Li, J. Yang, R. Wang, Y. Xu, "ILNet: Low-Level Matters for Salient Infrared Small Target Detection", IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, 2025. 

S. Zhu, L. Ji, S. Chen, W. Duan, “Spatial–Temporal-Channel Collaborative Feature Learning with Transformers For Infrared Small Target Detection”, Image and Vision Computing, 2025.

S. Peng, L. Ji, S. Chen, W. Duan, S. Zhu, “Moving Infrared Dim and Small Target Detection by Mixed Spatio-Temporal Encoding”, Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence, 2025.

W Chi, J Liu, X Lu, Y Ni, X Wang, “A Contrast-Invariant Feature Extraction Framework for Single-Domain Generalization In Infrared Small Target Detection”, Knowledge-Based Systems, 2025.

S. Liu, B. Qiao, S. Li, Y. Wang, L. Dang, "Patch Spatial Attention Networks for Semantic Token Transformer in Infrared Small Target Detection”, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2025.

B. Li, P. Rao, Y. Su, X. Chen, “HMCNet: A Hybrid Mamba–CNN UNet for Infrared Small Target Detection”, Remote Sensing, 2025.

Y. Zhu, Y. Ma, F. Fan, J. Huang, Y. Yao, X. Zhou, "Toward Robust Infrared Small Target Detection via Frequency and Spatial Feature Fusion," IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Volume 63, pages 1-15, 2025.

Y. Wang, X. Wang, S. Qiu, X. Chen, Z. Liu, C. Zhou, W. Yao, “Multi-Scale Hierarchical Feature Fusion for Infrared Small-Target Detection”, Remote Sensing, 2025.

B. Xiao, W. Zhou, T. Wang, Q. Zhang, B. Peng, “Infrared Small Target Detection via Contrast-Enhanced Dual-Branch Network”, Digital Signal Processing, 2025.

Y. Yang, Y. Xie, J. Cao, K. Yang, Attention-Guided Dual Feature Extraction Approach for Small Target Detection in Infrared Images”, The Visual Computer, 2025.

J. Lu, X. Zhang, “Lightweight visual Mamba-Guided Attention Network for Infrared Small Target Detection”, Journal of Electronic Imaging, 2025.

M. Zhang, X. Li, F. Gao, J. Guo, “IRMamba: Pixel Difference Mamba with Layer Restoration for Infrared Small Target Detection”, AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, 2025.

S. Zhuang, J. Peng, M. Qi, D. Wang, K. Li, Y. Liu, “A Temporal-Semantic Interaction Network for Multi-Frame Infrared Small Target Detection”, Knowledge-Based Systems, 2025.

Y. Liu, B. Li, T. Liu, Z. Lin, W. An, “RRCANet: Recurrent Reusable-Convolution Attention Network for Infrared Small Target Detection”, Preprint, June 2025.

D. Chen, F. Qin, R. Ge, Y. Peng, C. Wang, “ID-UNet: A Densely Connected UNet Architecture for Infrared Small Target Segmentation”, Alexandria Engineering Journal, 2025.

H. Li, X. Peng, J. Zhang, “FSCNet: Feature Synthesis with Wavelet Coefficients for Infrared Small Target Detection”, Infrared Physics and Technology, 2025.

M. Xu, C. Yu, Z. Li, H. Tang, Y. Hu, L. Nie, "HDNet: A Hybrid Domain Network With Multiscale High-Frequency Information Enhancement for Infrared Small-Target Detection”,  IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Volume 63, pages 1-15, 2025.

K. Li, Y. Wang, F. Han, H. Wang, Z. Xiong, Y. Tian, "HSTNet: A Hybrid Spatial-Channel Sparse Transformer Network for Infrared Small Target Detection”, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2025.

Y. Zhang, W. Bao, Y. Yang, W. Wan, Q. Xiao, X. Zou, "HAFNet: Hierarchical Attention Fusion Network for Infrared Small Target Detection”,  IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2025.

M. Zhang, K. Yue, J. Guo, Q. Zhang, J. Zhang and X. Gao, "Computational Fluid Dynamic Network for Infrared Small Target Detection", IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems, pages 14777-14789, 2025.

J. Yang, S. Liu, J. Wu, X. Su, N. Hai, “Pinwheel-shaped Convolution and Scale-based Dynamic Loss for Infrared Small Target Detection”, AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Volume 39, No. 9, 2025.

S. Zhuang, Y. Hou, M. Qi, D. Wang, "FAA-Net: A Frequency-Aware Attention Network for Single-Frame Infrared Small Target Detection” IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, 2025.

X. Yang, W. Zhao, P. Sun, W. Zhao, W. Yang “Multi-Dimensional Feature Fusion Network Design and Performance Optimisation for Small Target Detection”, Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence, Volume 162, December 2025

J. Zuo, S. Pei, Q. Li, “DENet: Dual-Path Edge Network with Global-Local Attention for Infrared Small Target Detection”, Preprint, September 2025.

Y. Lu, P. Liu, T. Zhang, A. Li, “Physics-Driven Feature Decoupling for Infrared Small Targets: A Dual Geometry-Guided Experts Network”, Preprint, September 2025.

W. Xu, Z. Ding, Z. Wang, Z. Cui, Y. Hu, F. Jiang, "Think Locally, Act Globally: A Frequency-Spatial Fusion Network for Infrared Small Target Detection”, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2025.

J. Jiang, S. Liao, X. Yang, K. Shen, "EAMNet: Efficient Adaptive Mamba Network for Infrared Small Target Detection”, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2025.

Z. Jin, H. Chen, J. Chen, “IR-WSANet: A Lightweight Network with Frequency-Spatial Joint Optimization for Infrared Small Target Detection”, Preprint, September 2025.

Q. Li, W. Zhang, W. Lu, Q. Wang, "Multibranch Mutual-Guiding Learning for Infrared Small Target Detection", IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Volume 63, pages 1-10, 2025.

B. Yang, F. Li, S. Zhao, W. Wang, J. Luo, H. Pu, "MTMLNet: Multi-Task Mutual Learning Network for Infrared Small Target Detection and Segmentation", IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, Volume 34, pages 4414-4425, 2025.

S. Zhang, K. Wang, H. Ran, R. Deng, Z. Long, “Mamba-IRSTD: Hybrid CNN–Mamba Network with Integrated Edge Features for Infrared Small Target Detection”, Preprint, 2025.

H. Fang, S. Guo, Q. Chen, Y. Chang, L. Yan, “Spatio-Temporal Context Learning with Temporal Difference Convolution for Moving Infrared Small Target Detection”, Preprint, 2025.

H. Duan, J. Niu, J. Hao, P. Hao, J. Xu, “A lightweight infrared remote sensing architecture for enhanced small target detection using improved DETR with CST modules”, Scientific Reports, 2025.

H. Shahraki, S. Moradi, S. Aalae, “STAM-UNET: Small Target Attention Module U-Net for Infrared Small Target Detection”, Preprint, 2025.

M. Zhang, X. Li, J. Guo, Y. Li, X. Gao, "WMRNet: Wavelet Mamba with Reversible Structure for Infrared Small Target Detection”, IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, 2025.

J. Wu, H. Zhang, C. Liu, J. Qiu, “KPF-Net: KAN Perception and Fusion Network for Infrared Small Target Detection”, Infrared Physics and Technology, 2025.

M. Sun, X. Yu, L. Hou, H. Li, X. Li, “IR-SDTNet: An Infrared Small Target Detection Network based on Denoising Enhancement”, Knowledge Science, Engineering and Management, 2025.

B. Ye, G. Tong, Q. Li , “Lightweight Mamba residual network integrating center-focused strategy for infrared small target detection”, Applied Soft Computing, 2025.

X. Liu, M. Qiao, B. Wang, Q. Sheng, J. Li, X. Ling, “MDS-DWGANet: A Lightweight Network for Infrared Small Target Detection Via Directional Sparse Convolution and Dynamic Attention”, Signal, Image and Video Processing, 2025.

X. Qian, J. Lu, Z. Wang, W. Wang, Z. Huang, “IrisNet: Infrared Image Status Awareness Meta Decoder for Infrared Small Targets Detection”, Preprint, December 2025.

S. Ji, H. Zhang, J. Zhang, C. Fei, X. Wang, J. Liu, P. Zhang, “A Three-Stage Model for Infrared Small Target Detection with Spatial and Semantic Feature Fusion”, Expert Systems with Applications, Volume 295, January 2026.

K. Cheng, T. Ma, Y. Wu, Y. Wei, “State Space Model with Dynamic Frequency Cue for Infrared Small Target Detection”, Infrared Physics and Technology, 2026.

Z. Chen, Y. Zhang, J. Qin, Y. Wu, “LCR-RTDETR: An Infrared Small Target Detection Method Integrating Local Adaptive Perception-Guided Sharpening and Improved RT-DETR”, Optics and Lasers in Engineering, 2026.

Y. Wu, H. Sang, Q. Liu, C. Liu, X. Chang, “SemDetNet: A Semantic-Detail Collaborative Network for Infrared Small Target Enhancement”, Optics and Laser Technology, 2026.

Y. Liu, H. Huang, "PS-Net: Dual Channel Perception Infrared Small Target Detection Network Based on Self Attention Mechanism”, Optics and Laser Technology, 2026.

L. Zhang, Y. Xi, Z. Wang, W. Zhang, F. Tan, Q. Hou, “ADSUNet: Accumulation-Difference-based Siamese U-Net for Inter-Frame Infrared Dim and Small Target Detection”,  Pattern Recognition, 2026

C. Wu, Y. Zhang, J. Wu, M. Zhu, C. Zhu, N. Shi, "NCENet: Nonlinear Contrast Enhancement Network for Infrared Small Target Detection”, Infrared Physics and Technology, 2026.

Y. Liu, H. Huang, "DPS-Net: Dual Channel Perception Infrared Small Target Detection Network based on Self Attention Mechanism”, Optics and Laser Technology, March 2026.

J. Wu, C. Luo, Z. Qiu, L. Chen, R. Ni, Y. Li, F. Huang, J. Wu, “DFINet: Dynamic Feedback Iterative Network for Infrared Small Target Detection”, Pattern Recognition, 2026.

Z. Jiang, S. Chen, C. Tian, X. Li, Y. Yue, "CRPE-Net: Infrared Small Target Detection Transformer with Cross-Layer Relative-Position Embedding”, Pattern Recognition, April 2026.

Q. Li, Z. Yang, J. Cheng, Q. Wang, "Spatial-Frequency Feature Learning for Infrared Small Target Detection", IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, 2026.

Y. Liu, D. Meng, M. Yuan, X. Wei, “Breaking Self-Attention Failure: Rethinking Query Initialization for Infrared Small Target Detection”, Preprint, January 2026.

Y. Huang, Q. Qin, A. Mao, X. Qiu, L. Xu, X. Zhang, Z. Peng, “FeedbackSTS-Det: Sparse Frames-Based Spatio-Temporal Semantic Feedback Network for Infrared Small Target Detection”, Preprint, January 2026.

Y. Tong, H. Yang, G. Liu, Z. Wang, “Energy Diffusion Prior for Infrared Small Target Detection: Build Representations for Objects instead of Scenarios”, Preprint, January 2026.

Z. Chen, Y. Zhang, J. Qin, H. Wang, “IRST-RTDETR: An Infrared Small Target Detection and Real-Size Estimation Method Based on Improved RT-DETR and Deep Perception", Infrared Physics and Technology, 2026.

P. Liu, A. Li, Y. Lu, T. Zhang, M. Yang, Q. Zhou, "PQGNet: Perceptual Query Guided Network for Infrared Small Target Detection", IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2026.

S. Rong, Z. Wang, X. Gao, W. Zhao, X .Wu, T. Zhang, "A Novel Diffusion-based Background Estimation for Infrared Dim Small Target Detection", Infrared Physics andTechnology, Volume 154, March 2026.

Y. Chen, Y. Zhu, S. Min, Z. Qiu, A. Hu, T. Wang, T. Zhang, “DCGANet: Fusing Selective Variable Convolution and Dynamic Content-Guided Attention for Infrared Small Target Detection”, Knowledge-Based Systems, April 2026.

S. Yuan, Y. Liu, X. Zhang, X. Yan, H. Qin, N. Akhtar, “SP-KAN: Sparse-sine perception Kolmogorov–Arnold networks for infrared small target detection”, ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, April 2026.

S. He, J. Liu, Z. Yang, R. Yuan, “AGMFNet: Attention-Guided Multi-Scale Feature Fusion Network for Infrared Small Target Detection” Infrared Physics and Technology, 2026.

Y. Wang, H. Zhang, X. Zhang, X. Zheng, "A Gradient-Compensated Feature Learning Network for Infrared Small Target Detection", MDPI Electronics, 2026.

S. Zhang, K. Wang, H. Ran, R. Deng, Z. Long, J. Cao, Y. Liu, "Hybrid Convolutional Neural Network and Selective State Space Model with Integrated Edge Features for Infrared Small Target Detection Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence, April 2026.

M. Zhang, Y. Huang, S. Li, “HPFNet: Hierarchical Perception Fusion Network for Infrared Small Target Detection”, MDPI Remote Sensing, 2026

N. Liu, J. Gao, S. Lin, Y. Kou, S. Zhang, F. Ge, Z. Pu, L. Li, G. Wang, Y. Wang, W. Hu, “MI-DETR: A Strong Baseline for Moving Infrared Small Target Detection with Bio-Inspired Motion Integration”, Preprint, March 2026.

J. Cai, Z. Wang, Z. Cui, C. Xu "GeoRankNet: Geometry-Aware Feature Ranking Network for Infrared Small-Target Detection", SPIE International Conference on Graphics and Image Processing, ICGIP 2025, 2025.

P. Wang, R. Kou, J. Wang, R. Zhang, "LLCEFA: A Plug-and-Play Lightweight Local Contrast and Edge Fusion Approach for Infrared Small Target Detection Enhancement", IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, March 2026. 

H. Zhang, Q. Zhong, J. Liu, R. Chen, Z. Wang, "SAFARI-net: Scale-adaptive frequency-aware refinement infrastructure for infrared small target detection", Optics and Laser Technology, 2026.

W. Cui, M. Wang, H. Shao, "A cross-scale structural reconstruction network: Improving infrared small target detection performance via structure-aware modeling and cross-scale reconstruction strategies", Preprint, March 2026.

Z. Lin, M. Zhang, C. Wu, Y. Yan, "HSHNet: A Hybrid Network with Geometric Enhancement and Sparse Extraction for Infrared Small Target Detection", Preprint, 2026.

S. Du, Y. Xiao, Z. Cao, “DEFANet: Dual-Path Edge-Target Collaboration with Frequency-Aware Enhancement for Infrared Small Target Detection”, AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, AAAI 2026, 2026.

S. Chen, L. Ji, S. Peng, S. Zhu, M. Ye, “Domain-Auxiliary Infrared Moving Small Target Detection by Learning to Overlook Domain Discrepancy”, AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, AAAI 2026, 2026.

W. Duan, L. Ji, J. Huang, S. Zhu, M. Ye, "Cross-domain Joint Learning with Prototype-guided Mixture-of-Experts for Infrared Moving Small Target Detection”, AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, AAAI 2026, 2026

 W. Gao, W. Niu, J. Tang, M. Yang, J. Zhang, X. Peng, “Point-to-Mask: From Arbitrary Point Annotations to Mask-Level Infrared Small Target Detection”, Preprint, March 2026.

S. Zhang, X. He, S. Yuan, S. Jin, Y. Lu, X. Jiang, M. Xu, "Rethinking downsampling in UNet: Stride-free dual-domain learning for infrared small target detection”, Optics and Laser Technology, Volume 200, 2026.

M. Zhang, Y. Ouyang, Y. Liang, J. Guo and Y. Li, "Moving Infrared Small Target Detection via Motion-aided Integrated Spatial-Temporal Network",  IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2026.

E. Zhao, Y. Shi, N. Qu, Y. Wang,  H. Zhao, "MEETNet: Morphology-Edge Enhanced Triple-Cascaded Network for Infrared Small Target Detection",  IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, Volume 19, pages 4748-4765, 2026.

X. Li, E. Hu, C. Xue, B. Zhou, Z. Deng, "WCDMF-Net: Wavelet-Based Cross-Domain Multistage Feature Fusion Network for Infrared Small Target Detection", IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Volume 64, pages 1-18, 2026.

X. Yuan, Y. Wang, C. Yang, Y. Zhang, M. Zhang, "CSQNet: A Query-Driven Channel-Spatial Attention Network for Infrared Small Target Detection", IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, 2026.

P. Liu, A. Li, Y. Lu, T. Zhang, M. Yang, Q. Zhou, "PQGNet: Perceptual Query Guided Network for Infrared Small Target Detection", IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Volume 64, pages 1-12, 2026, 

Y. Li, J. Wu, C. Long, "PI-SAM: Physics-Informed Segment Anything for Infrared Small Target Detection", IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing,2026

R. Fan, K. Wang, W. Li,  J. Tang, "HaarTransNet: Infrared Small Target Detection Based on Feature Decoupling and Saliency Modeling",  IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2026.

D. Kong, S. Qian, W. Qian, H. Zhang, “Infrared small target detection via Anisotropic-Resistant modulation and spatiotemporal association”, Infrared Physics and Technology, March 2026.

M. Zhang, Y. Liang, J. Guo, J. Feng, Y. Li, "Fine-Detail Compensation and Cross-Level Energy Filtering for Lightweight Infrared Target Detection," in IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2026.

X. Jin, B. Liu, L. Tang, S. Yao, P. Wang, Q. Jiang, "ECMSFNet: Real-Time Infrared Small Target Detection Network with Efficient Convolution and Multiscale Feature Fusion", IEEE Internet of Things Journal, Volume 13, No. 6, March 2026.

W Wu, R Ma, Y Gu, F Meng, Z Yi, H Zheng, Y. Hu, “Infrared small target detection guided by causal predictive state space and reconstruction refinement model”, Infrared Physics and Technology, 2026.

Y. Zhang, W. Bao, Y. Yang, W. Wan, Q. Xiao, X. Zhou, “FSGNet: A Frequency-Aware and Semantic Guidance Network for Infrared Small Target Detection”, Preprint, March 2026.

Z. Liao, Z. Yin, "CCDNet: Learning to Detect Camouflage against Distractors in Infrared Small Target Detection", Preprint, April 2026.

T. Ma, K. Cheng, T. Chai, Y. Wu, H. Zhou, "A Wavelet Steered Network for Efficient Infrared Small Target Detection", Infrared Physics and Technology, Volume 148, 2025.

 H. He, M. Wan, Y. Xu, X. Kong, Z. Liu, Q. Chen, "WTAPNet: Wavelet Transform-Based Augmented Perception Network for Infrared Small-Target Detection", IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, Volume 73, pages 1-17, 2024.

Y. Jing, J. Zhao, T. Zhang, Y. Zhu, "SWAN: Synergistic Wavelet-Attention Network for Infrared Small Target Detection", Preprint, 2025.

C. Jiang, J. Ma, X. Zhang, C. Tong, Z. Ma, Y. Jie, "A Wavelet-Recalibrated Semi-Supervised Network for Infrared Small Target Detection Under Data Scarcity", MDPI Sensors, 2025.

Z. Lin, Y. Ma, R. Ming, G. Yao, Z. Lei, Q. Zhou, M. Huang, "Deep Asymmetric Extraction and Aggregation for Infrared Small Target Detection", Scientific Reports, 2023.

X. Wu, D. Hong, J. Chanussot, "UIU-Net: U-Net in U-Net for Infrared Small Object Detection", IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, Volume 32, pages 364-376, 2023.

H. Guo, N. Zhang, J. Zhang, W. Zhang, C. Sun, "Location-Guided Dense Nested Attention Network for Infrared Small Target Detection", IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing,  Volume  17, pages 18535-18548, 2024.

J. Zhu, M. Duan, H. Liu, Y. Yang, J. Zhang, "HNU-Net: Enhancing Hierarchical Nested U-Net Architecture for Precise Detection of Small Infrared Targets", Optics and Laser Technology, 2025.

R. Ni, B. Li, J. Chen, Y. Li, F. Ren, Y. Wang, H. Yuan, W. He, W. An, "Rethinking IRSTD: Single-Point Supervision Guided Encoder-only Framework is Enough for Infrared Small Target Detection", Preprint, 2026.

Y. Huang, Q. Qin, A. Mao, X. Qiu, L. Xu, X. Zhang, Z. Peng, "FeedbackSTS-Det: Sparse Frames-Based Spatio-Temporal Semantic Feedback Network for Infrared Small Target Detection", Preprint, 2026.

T. Yue, X. Lu, J. Cai, Y. Chen, S. Chu, "SDS-Net: Shallow-Deep Synergism-Detection Network for Infrared Small Target Detection", Preprint, 2025.

L. Fan, Y. Wang, G. Hu, F. Li, Y. Dong, H. Zheng, "Diffusion-Based Continuous Feature Representation for Infrared Small-Dim Target Detection", IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Volume 62, pages 1-17, 2024.

Y. Shi, Y. Lin, P. Wei, X. Xian, T. Chen, L. Lin, "Diff-Mosaic: Augmenting Realistic Representations in Infrared Small Target Detection via Diffusion Prior", Preprint, 2024.

W. Chen, C. Zhang, Y. Liu, "PSHNet: Hybrid Supervision and Feature Enhancement for Accurate Infrared Small-Target Detection", MDPI Applied Sciences, 2025.

Z. Feng, X. Li, Y. Gao, W. Li, G. Li, M. Zhou, "GMTNet: Global Feature Integration Mamba–Transformer Hybrid Network for Infrared Small-Target Detection", IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, Volume 23, pages 1-5, 2026.

S. Peng and Y. Liao and Y. Tong and Z. Wang and H. Yang, "Infrared Small Target Detection With Frequency Guidance and Aliasing Rectification", IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Volume 64, pages 1-12, 2026.

S. Li, X. Song, Y. Li, "BSTNA-Net: Nested Attention Network with Bottleneck Swin Transformer for Infrared Small Target Detection", Infrared Physics and Technology, Volume 64, 2025.

L. Kong, B. Yang, R. Chang, J. Luo, H. Pu, Y. Pi, "Context-Aware and Semantic-Guided Adaptive Filtering Network for Infrared Small Target Detection", IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2026.

Y. Xie, "MFMF-NET: A Moving Infrared Small Target Detection Framework with Multi-Domain Feature Enhancement and Memory Fusion", IEEE International Computer Conference on Wavelet Active Media Technology and Information Processing, ICCWAMTIP 2025, pages 1-6, 2025.

X. Lu, T. Yue, J. Cai, Y. Chen, C. Lv , S. Chu, "MSCA-Net:Multi-Scale Context Aggregation Network for Infrared Small Target Detection", Preprint, 2025.

M. Xiao, W. Zhang, M. Zhang, T. Guo, H. Zeng, "D2FENet: A Dual-Domain Feature Enhanced Network for Infrared Small Target Detection", IEEE International Conference on Image Processing, Computer Vision and Machine Learning, ICICML 2025, 2025.

G. Hu, L. Fan, H. Xu, C. Lin, X. Ding, Y. Huang, "Dual-Transformer Feature Enhancement for Infrared Small-Dim Target Detection", IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, 2026.

S. Yang, G. Cui, "ESE-Net: Edge-Shape Enhancement Network for Infrared Small Target Detection", Preprint, 2026.

Y. Li, Y. Lu, H. Wu, S. Zhang, L. Lin, Y. Shi, "Ivan-ISTD: Rethinking Cross-Domain Heteroscedastic Noise Perturbations in Infrared Small Target Detection", IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Volume 64, 2026.

M. Zhang, J. Feng, H. Yang, J. Guo, Y. Li, X. Gao, "IRPruneDeXt: Efficient Infrared Small Target Detection via Musical Wavelet-Regularized Channel Pruning", IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems, Volume 36, No. 12, 2025.

S. Li, Y. Li, S. Niu, J. Yang, X. Yang, X. Yue, "BDSFusion: A Bidirectionally Driven Saliency Fusion Network for Enhancing Small Target Detection in Infrared Dual-Band Images", Information Fusion, No 1, 2025.

T. Chen, Z. Ye, Z. Tan,T. Gong, Y. Wu, Q. Chu, B. Liu, N. Yu, J. Ye, "MiM-ISTD: Mamba-in-Mamba for Efficient Infrared Small Target Detection", Preprint, 2024.

X. Qiu, J. Luo, W. Tian, F. He, Y. Huang, C. Hu, "Local-Motion Mamba With Frequency-Guided for Moving Infrared Small Target Detection", IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, Volume 29, 2026.

H. Xie, H. He, V. Sanchez, "TAPM-Net: Trajectory-Aware Perturbation Modeling for Infrared Small Target Detection", Preprint, 2026.

W. Liu, X. Lu, J. Zhang, D. Li, X. Zhang, "MOU-Mamba: Multi-Order U-shape Mamba for infrared small target detection", Optics and Laser Technology, 2025.

Y. Li, L. Wang, S. Chen, "SMILE: Spatial-Spectral Mamba Interactive Learning for Infrared Small Target Detection", Optics an Laser Technology, 2025.

W. Xu, S. Zheng, C. Wang, Z. Zhang, C. Ren, R. Xu, S. Xu, '"SAMamba: Adaptive State Space Modeling with Hierarchical Vision for Infrared Small Target Detection", Information Fusion, 2025.

Y. Sui, X. Zhi, Y. Huang, X. Liang, Z. Lu, W. Zhang, "FANM: Fuzzy-Aware Nested Mamba for Infrared Dense Small Target Detection", IEEE International Conference on Signal, Information and Data Processing, ICSIDP 2024, 2024.

Z. Feng, X. Li, Y. Gao, W. Li, G. Li, M. Zhou, "GMTNet: Global Feature Integration Mamba–Transformer Hybrid Network for Infrared Small-Target Detection", IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, Volume 23, 2026.

M. Zhang, Y. Ouyang, F. Gao, J. Guo, Q. Zhang, J. Zhang, "MOCID: Motion Context and Displacement Information Learning for Moving Infrared Small Target Detection", IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, Volume 23, 2026.

S. Xue, Y. Chen, B. Wang, G. Gao, G. Qiao, X. Zhao,"OFSPNet: ODE-Guided Fusion Network with the Same Paradigm for Infrared Small Target Detection", The Journal of Supercomputing, 2025.

Y. Li, L. Wang, "Spectrum-Assisted Mamba for Infrared Small Target Detection"; IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo, ICME 2025, 2025.

Y. Sun, X. Hu, F. Wang, X. Wu, Y. Zhou, J. Zhao, "SODMAMBA-DETR:A Small Object DETR Detector Based on a Mamba Encoder", IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo, ICME 2025, 2025.

D. Liu, W. Zhang, Z. Feng, R. Zhang, Y. Shang, "Hybrid MLLA-VIT Network for Moving Infrared Small Target Detection", International Conference on Advanced Image Processing Technology, AIPT 2025, pages 1-6, 2025.

C. Li, Z. Huang, X. Xie, W. Li, "IST-TransNet: Infrared Small Target Detection based on Transformer Network", Infrared Physics and Technology, 2023. 

J. Peng, H. Zhao, K. Zhao, Z. Wang, L. Yao, "CourtNet: Dynamically Balance the Precision and Recall Rates in Infrared Small Target Detection", Expert Systems with Applications, 2023.

J. Yang, S. Deng, F. Zhang, A. Pan, Y. Yang, "FATCNet : Feature Adaptive Transformer and CNN for Infrared Small Target Detection", IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, Volume 60, No. 6, 2024.

H. Wu, X. Huang, C. He, H. Xiao, S. Luo, "Infrared Small Target Detection With Swin Transformer-Based Multiscale Atrous Spatial Pyramid Pooling Network", IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, Volume 74, 2024.

T. Chen, Z. Ye, "FreqODEs: Frequency Neural ODE Networks for Infrared Small Target Detection", IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Volume 62, 2024.

J. Lin, S. Li, X. Yang, S. Niu, B. Yan, Z. Meng, "CS-ViG-UNet: Infrared Small and Dim Target Detection based on Cycle Shift Vision Graph Convolution Network", Expert Systems with Applications, 2024

T. Ma, H. Wang, J. Liang J. Peng, Q. Ma, Z. Kai,"MSMA-Net: An Infrared Small Target Detection Network by Multiscale Super-Resolution Enhancement and Multilevel Attention Fusion", IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Volume 62, 2023.

L. Li, L. Liu, F. Cheng, Y. He, Z. Zhong, "CN-UNet: ConvNeXt UNet with Slicing-Aided Hyper Segmentation for Infrared Small Target Detection”, IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, 2026.

T. Wang, J. Zhou, L. Wu, S. Yuan, Y. Jing, "Top-Down Coarse-to-Fine Cascade Network for High-Precision Cluster Infrared Small Target Detection”, IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, Volume 19, pages 6566-6580, 2026.

Z. Zhao, H. Ling, X. Qin, H. Xiao, J. Wu and C. Liu, "STMG-PCNet: A Lightweight Shape-Texture Mutual-Guided Predictor-Corrector Network for Infrared Small Target Detection", IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, 2026.

T. Wang, J. Zhou, Y. Jing, T. Zhang, "When Clusters Meet Shape Priors: A Synergistic Framework for Cluster Infrared Small Target Detection", IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Volume 63, 2025.

Y. Cui, S. Li, X. Yang, G. Wang, Y. Wang, "UAMF: A Lightweight and Powerful Infrared Small Target Detection Model", Applied Soft Computing, 2026.

Y. Fu, S. Wang, F. Wu, J. Lyu, Z. Liu, M. Ng, "Rethinking Representations for Cross-Domain Infrared Small Target Detection: A Generalizable Perspective from the Frequency Domain", Preprint, 2026.

R. Wang, F. Wu, Y. Chen, P. Cheng, "TAMNet: Triple Adaptive Multiplexing Network for Wide-Area Infrared Small Target Detection", Neurocomputing, 2026.

H. Li, M. Zhuo, "Revisiting the Scale Loss Function and Gaussian-Shape Convolution for Infrared Small Target Detection", Preprint, 2026.

R. Li and C. Xiao and Q. Yin and W. An and N. Chen and X. Ying and M. Li and Y.  Wang, "Dynamic High-frequency Convolution for Infrared Small Target Detection", Preprint, 2026.

J. Zhao and C. Yu and Z. Shi and Y. Liu and Y. Zhang,, "Gradient-Guided Learning Network for Infrared Small Target Detection", Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, 2023.

C. Hu, M. Zhou, S. Yuan, H. Hu, Z. Peng, T. Pu, X. Li, "Difference Decomposition Networks for Infrared Small Target Detection", Preprint, 2026.

M. Yuan, D. Meng, Z. Xi, T. Zhao, S. Zhao, Y. Dai, X. Wei, "Seeing Through the Noise: Improving Infrared Small Target Detection and Segmentation from Noise Suppression Perspective", Preprint, 2025.

R. Li, W. An, Y. Wang, X. Ying, Y. Dai, L. Wang, M. Li, Y. Guo, L. Liu, "Probing Deep into Temporal Profile Makes the Infrared Small Target Detector Much Better", Preprint, 2025.

Y. Shi, Y. Zhu, R. He, L. Hui, M. Cai, M. Cheng, Y. Dai, "AuxDet: Auxiliary Metadata Matters for Omni-Domain Infrared Small Target Detection", Preprint, 2025.

X. Cui, J. Luo, J. Deng, K. Li, X. Qiu, Z. Peng, "ARFC-WAHNet: Adaptive Receptive Field Convolution and Wavelet-Attentive Hierarchical Network for Infrared Small Target Detection", Preprint, 2025.

Y. Chen, Y. Zhu, Y. Jing, T. Zhang, J. Zhao, "Selective Variable Convolution Meets Dynamic Content-Guided Attention for Infrared Small Target Detection", Preprint, 2025.

Y. Lu, Y. Li, X. Guo, S. Yuan, Y. Shi, L. Lin,"Rethinking Generalizable Infrared Small Target Detection: A Real-scene Benchmark and Cross-view Representation Learning", Preprint, 2025.

P. Lu, Y. Luo, X. Zhang, H. Jia, S. Xia, Y. Liu, "A Wide and Shallow Network Tailored for Infrared Small Target Detection", MDPI Remote Sensing, 2026.

L. Chen, H. Liu, Z. Qiu, H. Bai, L. Guan, F. Huang, "A High-Quality Data Augmentation Method for Infrared Small Target Detection", IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Volume 64, pages 1-17, 2026.

Y. Sui, X. Zhi, Y. Huang, T. Shi, S. Jiang, "SAMamba: Stream Alignment Mamba for Motion Infrared Small Target Detection", IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, 2026.

Z. Wang, M. Wang, S. Wang, S. Ji, Z. Gao, "TAMamba: Texture-Aware Mamba with Physical-Oriented Scanning for Robust Infrared Small Target Detection", IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, 2026.

L. Guo, C. Xiao, Y. Zhang, B. Tu, "MSSLNet: Multiscale Sparse Large-Kernel Net for Infrared Small Target Detection", IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, Volume 23, pages 1-5, 2026.

H. Zhang, Z. Li, H. Li, L. Zhou, "Dual-Prior Guided Cross-Scale Fusion Network for Infrared Small Target Detection", IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, Volume 23, pages 1-5, 2026.

X. Xiao, Y. Xiao, L. Xu, L. Peng, "STSA-Net: Small Target Sensitive and Adaptive Sparse Network for Infrared Reconstruction", IEEE Signal Processing Letters, Volume 33, 2026.

P. Jin, Q. Wang, Y. Wu, P. Wang, T. Shen, "DAENet: Dynamic Adversarial Enhancement Network for Infrared Weak Target Detection", IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, 2026.

E. Zhao, B. Liu, Z. Huang, Y. Xing, "Beyond Signal-to-Clutter Ratio: A Multifactor Detectability Framework for Infrared Dim Small Targets", IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, 2026.

M. Zhang, K. Yue, J. Zhang, Y. Li, X. Gao, "Exploring Feature Compensation and Cross-level Correlation for Infrared Small Target Detection", ACM International Conference on Multimedia, 2022.

K. Wang, S. Du, C. Liu, Z. Cao, "Interior Attention-Aware Network for Infrared Small Target Detection", IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Volume 60, pages 1-13,2022.

T. Wu, B. Li, Y. Luo, Y. Wang, C. Xiao,T. Liu, "MTU-Net: Multilevel TransUNet for Space-Based Infrared Tiny Ship Detection", IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Volume 61, pages 1-15, 2023.

R. Lian, S. Deng, Z. Chen, Q. Ma, H. Hu, X. Li, "PMNet: Parametric Manifold Network for Infrared Small Target Detection", Pattern Recognition, 2026.

Z. Qiu, S. Zhao, C. Zhang, H. Li, X. Zhuang, J. Zhu, "SCOFM-net: Saliency-Guided Sparse Mamba for Infrared Small-Target Detection", Optics and  Laser Technology, Volume 202, 2026.

P. Ding, X. Wei, W. He, W. Wu, "IRKAN: Wavelet-based Kolmogorov–Arnold Networks for Infrared Small Target Detection", Sensors Journal, 2026.

X. Liu, L. Liao, H. Li, Y. Shen, Y. Zhao, "Region Energy-Aware Learning with Gaussian-Prior Convolution for Infrared Small Target Detection", IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, ICASSP 2026, pages 4116-4120, 2026.

H. Chen, J. Wu, G. Yu, K. Tan, C. Feng, M. Wang, "Reflecting on the Past: A Memory-Augmented Framework for Single-Point Target Detection", IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, ICASSP 2026,  pages 3746-3750, 2026.

L. Li, L. Liu, D. Huang, S. Wang, X. Wang, Y. He, "KECS-Net: Knowledge-Embedded CSwin-UNet With Slicing-Aided Hypersegmentation for Infrared Small Target Detection", IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, Volume 23, pages 1-5, 2026.

R. Yang, Y. Liu, M. Zhu, H. Zhu, Y. Yuan, "SCMT-Net: Spatial Curvature and Motion Temporal Feature Synergy Network for Multi-Frame Infrared Small Target Detection", MDPI Remote Sensing, 2026.

X. Li, G. Cui, "MSDA-IRSTD Multi-Scale Dynamic Attention Fusion Framework for Infrared Small Target Detection", Preprint, 2026.

B. Xin, Q. Mao, B. Wang, J. Zheng, Y. Zhao, C. Chen, "10K is Enough: An Ultra-Lightweight Binarized Network for Infrared Small-Target Detection", IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2026.

H. Shi, G. Cai, G. Lv, L. Wei, "Point-Supervised Infrared Small-Target Detection via Gradient-Guided Minimum Variance Growth and Deep Iterative Refinement", MDPI Electronics, 2026.

X. Ying, L. Liu, Y. Wang, R. Li, N. Chen, Z. Lin, W. Sheng, S. Zhou, "Mapping Degeneration Meets Label Evolution: Learning Infrared Small Target Detection with Single Point Supervision", IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, CVPR 2023, pages 15528–15538, 2023.

X. Cui, X. Li, P. Wu, S. He, R. Zhao, "Weakly Semi-Supervised Infrared Small Target Detection Guided by Point Labels", IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Volume 63, 2025.

W. He, M. Liu, Y. Yu, "Hybrid Mask Generation for Infrared Small Target Detection with Single-Point Supervision", Neurocomputing, 2025.

D. Yang, H. Zhang, Y. Li, Z. Jiang, "Label Evolution based on Local Contrast Measure for Single-Point Supervised Infrared Small-Target Detection", IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Volume 62, 2024.

C. Yu, J. Zhao, Y. Liu, S. Zhao, Y. Dai, X. Yue, "From Easy to Hard: Progressive Active Learning Framework for Infrared Small Target Detection with Single Point Supervision", IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision, ICCV 2025, pages 2588–2598, 2025.

M. Zhang, Y. Zhu, K. Yue, H. Gao, M. Zhao, Y. Luo, Y. Li, "EAA-Net: Efficient Anti-Aliasing Network for Single-Frame Infrared Small Target Detection", IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Volume 63, 2025.

F.  Wu, A. Liu, T. Zhang, L. Zhang, J. Luo, Z. Peng, "Saliency at the Helm: Steering Infrared Small Target Detection With Learnable Kernels", IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Volume 63, pages 1-5, 2025.

G. Chen, W. Wang, X. Li, "Designing and Learning a Lightweight Network for Infrared Small Target Detection via Dilated Pyramid and Semantic Distillation", Infrared Physics and Technology, Volume 131, 2023.

D. Zang, W. Su, Z. Song, J. Huang, M. Yin, J. Ma, S. Song, "LMDNet: A Lightweight Network for Infrared Small Target Detection based on Mamba and Difference Convolution", Journal of Real-Time Image Processing, Volume 22, No. 5, 2025.

F. Lin, K. Bao, Y. Li, D. Zeng, S. Ge, "Learning Contrast-Enhanced Shape-Biased Representations for Infrared Small Target Detection", IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, Volume 33, pages 3047-3058, 2024.

X. Tong, Z. Zuo, B. Sun, J. Wei, "Novel Feature Fusion for Infrared Small Target Detection Feature Pyramid Networks", IEEE International Conference on Information, Communication and Networks, ICICN 2021, pages 481-485, 2021.

M. Zhao, L. Cheng, X. Yang, P. Feng, L. Liu, N. Wu, "TBC-Net: A Real-Time Detector for Infrared Small Target Detection using Semantic Constraint", Preprint, 2019.

Y. Li, Y. Yin, X. Zhan, Y. Liang, Z. Wang, L. Cheng, "MSFE-Net: Multi-Scale and Frequency-Enhanced Network for Infrared Small Target Detection", Engineering Research Express, 2026.

H. Sang, Y. Wu, Q. Liu, C. Liu, X. Chang, D. He, "Maintaining the Consistency of Small Targets on Invariant Deep Semantic Structures", Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence, 2026.

M. Zhang, R. Zhang, J. Zhang, J. Guo, Y. Li, X. Gao, "Dim2Clear Network for Infrared Small Target Detection", IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Volume 61, pages 1-14, 2023.

L. Li, L. Guo, X. Li, X. Jiang, X. Wang, D. Jing, "PHFNet: A Parallel Hybrid Fusion Network with Linear Attention for Infrared Small Target Detection", IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2026.

P. Wang, R. Zhang, J. Wang, "A Prior-Driven Self-Evolving Source-Free Domain Adaptation Approach for Infrared Small Target Detection", IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, 2026.

K. Zheng, B. Wei, Y. Zheng, "GFE-Net: A Gradient-Aware Feature Enhancement Network for Infrared Small Target Detection", International Conference on Algorithms, Microchips, and Network Applications, AMNA 2026, 2026.

M. Zhang, H. Bai, J. Zhang, R. Zhang, C. Wang, J. Guo, X. Gao, "RKFormer: Runge-Kutta Transformer with Random-Connection Attention for Infrared Small Target Detection", ACM International Conference on Multimedia, 2022.

H. Jin, B. Chen, Q. Lu, Q. Tao, Y. Li, "Learning Source-Free Domain Adaptation for Infrared Small Target Detection", IEEE Signal Process Letters, Volume 23, pages 1121-1125, 2025.

P. Wang, J. Wang, Y. Chen, R. Zhang, Y. Li, Z. Miao, "Paying More Attention to Local Contrast: Improving Infrared Small Target Detection Performance via Prior Knowledge", Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence, Volume 146, 2025.

L. Lei, Z. Chen, T. Tang, S. Gao, Y. Liu, "Channel-Specific Spatial Importance Map Generation and Lost-Detail Recovery via Asymmetric Gradient Projection for Infrared Small Target Detection", Neurocomputing, 2026.

Y. Zhang, M. Qi, K. Li, X. Li, S. Zhuang, "FLINet: Fuzzy Logic for Infrared Small Target Detection", IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2026.

S. Chen, J. Zhu, L. Ji, H. Pan, Y. Xu, "AugTarget Data Augmentation for Infrared Small Target Detection", IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, ICASSP 2023, pages 1-5, 2023.

B. Ji, D. Wang, J. Bai, G. Zheng, T. Xin, H. Fa, "Direction-Aware Offset Enhancement and Dynamic Deformable Convolution for Infrared Small Target Detection", IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, pages 1-5, 2026.

X. Cui, P. Wu, X. Li, S. He, "Gaussian Prior-Guided Pseudo Mask Generation for Point-Supervised Infrared Small Target Detection", IEEE Signal Processing Letters, 2026.

M. Zhang, L. Chang, D. Zeng, R. Gao, "Memory-Enhanced Spatio-Temporal Fusion for Multiframe Infrared Small Target Detection", IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, 2026.

X. Zhang, W. An, X. Ying, R. Li, N. Chen, B. Li, C. Xiao, M. Li, "Semantic Density-Guided ResNet for Dense Infrared Small Target Detection", MDPI Remote Sensing, 2026.  

P. Pan, H. Wang, C. Wang, C. Nie, "ABC: Attention with Bilinear Correlation for Infrared Small Target Detection", IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo, ICME 2023, pages 2381–2386, 2023.

Y. Dai, P. Pan, Y. Qian, Y. Li, X. Li, J. Yang, H. Wang, "Pick of the Bunch: Detecting Infrared Small Targets beyond Hit-miss Trade-offs via Selective Rank-aware Attention", IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2024.

C. Wang, H. Wang, P. Pan, "Local Contrast and Global Contextual Information Make Infrared Small Object Salient Again", Preprint, 2023.

P. Yan, R. Hou, X. Duan, C. Yue, X. Wang, X. Cao, "STDMANet: Spatio-Temporal Differential Multiscale Attention Network for Small Moving Infrared Target Detection", IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Volume 61, pages 1-16, 2023.

Q. Hou, L. Zhang, F. Tan, Y. Xi, H. Zheng, N. Li, "ISTDU-Net: Infrared small-target detection U-Net", IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, Volume 19, pages 1-5, 2022.

 Z. Shen, S. Chen, H. Wang, T. Zhang, X. Zhang, X. Xu, X. Yang, "Low-level matters: An Efficient Hybrid Architecture for Robust Multi-Frame Infrared Small Target Detection", Preprint, 2025.

 S. Li, Y. Ding, W. Chen, "Adapting Segment Anything Method for ISTD via Parameter-Efficient and Coarse-to-Fine Learning", MDPI Applied Sciences, 2026.

W. Duan, L. Ji, S. Chen, S. Zhu, M. Ye, "Triple-Domain Feature Learning with Frequency-Aware Memory Enhancement for Moving Infrared Small Target Detection", IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Volume 62, pages 1-4, 2024.

Large Language Models (3 papers)

M. Zhang, X. Li, F. Gao, J. Guo, X. Gao, J. Zhang, “SAIST: Segment Any Infrared Small Target Model Guided by Contrastive Language-Image Pretraining”, CVPR 205, June 2025.

M. Zhang, Q. Xu, Y. Wang, X. Li, H. Yuan, “MIRSAM: Multimodal Vision-Language Segment Anything Model For Infrared Small Target Detection”, Visual Intelligence, 2025.

F. Huang, S. Zheng, Z. Qiu, H. Liu, H. Bai, “Text-IRSTD: Leveraging Semantic Text to Promote Infrared Small Target Detection in Complex Scenes”, Preprint, 2025.

Vision-Language Models (5 papers)

W. Duan, L. Ji, J. Huang, S. Zhu, "SeViL: Semi-supervised Vision-Language Learning with Text Prompt Guiding for Moving Infrared Small Target Detection", AAAI 2026, 2026.

C. Yu, J. Zhao, Y. Liu, Y. Li, X. Shu, Y. Feng, B. Wang, Y. Dai, X. Yue, "Rethinking Infrared Small Target Detection: A Foundation-Driven Efficient Paradigm", Preprint, 2025.

Q. Xu, X. Li, F. Gao, J. Guo, H. Yuan, S. Fan, M. Zhang, "SPIRIT: Adapting Vision Foundation Models for Unified Single- and Multi-Frame Infrared Small Target Detection", Preprint, 2026.

S. Chen, L. Ji, W. Duan, S. Peng, M. Ye, "Motion Prior Knowledge Learning with Homogeneous Language Descriptions for Moving Infrared Small Target Detection", AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Volume 39, 2025.

S. Chen, L. Ji, S. Peng, S. Zhu, M. Ye, "Language-Driven Motion Prior Knowledge Learning for Moving Infrared Small Target Detection", IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Volume 63, pages 1-14, 2025.