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The Kinetic Theory of matter states that all matter is composed of smaller particles which have some amount of kinetic energy and are always in constant motion.
SolidsThe particles in a solid don't move around very much i.e they have low kinetic energies and only vibrate about average position. The molecules of a solid are tightly packed in an orderly fashion having fixed distances from each other. They are held together by strong intermolecular forces that cause them to stay put relative to each other as a result solids hold their shape.
LiquidsThe molecules have higher kinetic energies than in solids and bounce off each other and spin around, and slide around from one side of the container and are able to move further than in solids. Their average kinetic energy is greater than the average Kinetic energy of solids, they're always moving relative to each other.The molecules are more spaced and are randomly arranged compared to those of solids and they move around a lot. Even though the molecules of a liquid move relative to each other, they are still bound to each other through intermolecular forces but the forces are not as strong as in solids. This is why liquids hold their volume but flow to fill and take the shape of the container that holds it. GasesWhen molecules are in the gaseous state, they have much larger speeds and therefore much higher kinetic energies than in solids and liquids and are able to travel further apart from each other. Gas molecules are more spaced and randomly arranged than in solids and liquids. The intermolecular forces are weaker than in solids and liquids and so their molecules aren't held together strongly, so they can spread out, filling as much space as they can resulting in the change in volume, changing their shape as well as their volume
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