last revised 1-21-2015
by Henry Kuska
retired, Associate Professor, Department of Chemistry, University of Akron
Ph.D., Physical Chemistry
This page gives the information that I have collected from my own literature searches and from others posting on the internet. Please let me know if you feel anything is not clear or is not addressed at all as I am continually updating/modifying it as I get feedback.
Bold print in quotes does not mean that the bold print appeared in the original; the bold print was added by me (H. Kuska) for emphasis.
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First, I will give some abstracts of reviewed, published scientific papers that indicate (to me) that roses infected with Strawberry latent ringspot virus are found in many parts of the world.
1) From England. Title: Epidemiology of three viruses infecting the rose in the United Kingdom
Author; Thomas, B. J.
Published in: Annals of Applied Biology 1984 Vol. 105 No.2 pp.213-222.
Abstract: "Studies on the epidemiology of arabis mosaic (AMV), prunus necrotic ringspot (PNRSV) and strawberry latent ringspot (SLRV) viruses were made in relation to commercial production of standard and bush roses. AMV or SLRV apparently induced either symptomless infection in rose cultivars and Rosa spp., or leaf symptoms ranging from small chlorotic flecks to severe chlorotic mosaic and, occasionally, plant death. Infection of R. canina ‘inermis’ or R. corymbifera by an isolate of SLRV from R. corymbifera also severely depressed flowering and hip formation. In addition, whereas this isolate could be graft-transmitted to all Rosa spp. tested, isolates from R. rugosa and R. multiflora failed to be graft-transmitted to R. canina ‘inermis’ or R. corymbifera. No difference was detected in graft-transmission tests of Rosa spp. with several isolates of AMV or PNRSV.
In plantings of up to 7 yr none of the viruses was transmitted through pollen to healthy roses grown in nematode-free soil, and only SLRV was readily seed-transmitted, particularly in R. rugosa. Nevertheless, in soil containing viruliferous nematodes, AMV and/or SLRV were transmitted to c. 80% of healthy plants.
AMV and particularly SLRV were each damaging to field-grown maiden rose bushes cv. Fragrant Cloud. SLRV delayed the onset of flowering, and reduced the number and size of blooms. Diseased bushes were less vigorous, and half or none of the AMV- or SLRV- infected bushes respectively, conformed to the British Standards Institution specifications for maiden bush roses.
These results are discussed in relation to the commercial production of field-grown roses in the UK."
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1744-7348.1984.tb03045.x/abstract
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2) From India. Title:
Strawberry latent ringspot virus Infecting Roses in India.
Authors: S. Kulshrestha, V. Hallan, G. Raikhy, R. Ram, and A. A. Zaidi
Published in: Plant Disease, January 2004, Volume 88, Number 1, Page 86
" Rose is an economically important crop of India and the world. A survey of rose plantations in and near the Kangra Valley of Himachal Pradesh, India, showed virus-like symptoms, including yellow flecking in young leaves and reduction in leaflet size, while some were symptomless. These symptoms are similar to those for Strawberry latent ringspot virus (SLRSV) (1)..............SLRSV was detected in this indicator host and six rose cultivars (Happiness, Iceberg, First Prize, Ganga, Pink Panther, and Oklahoma) showing characteristic symptoms of SLRSV using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with ELISA kit (DSMZ, Braunschweig, Germany). "
http://apsjournals.apsnet.org/doi/abs/10.1094/PDIS.2004.88.1.86C
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From Turkey. Title: Strawberry latent ringspot virus on oil rose (Rosa damascena) in Isparta Province.
Authors: Yardımcı, N.; Kılıç, H. Ç.
Published in: Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi - Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi 2010 Vol. 5 No. 2 pp. 22-26
"Surveys of oil rose plantations in Isparta province, showed virus-like symptoms, including yellow flecking in young leaves and reduction in leaflet size, chlorotic ringspots and stunting of plants. These symptoms are similar to those for Strawberry latent ringspot virus (SLRSV). Totally 142 samples from ten oil rose growing plantations were collected. All samples were tested using DAS-ELISA and SLRSV were detected in 36 rose which is 25.4% of samples tested."
http://www.cabdirect.org/abstracts/20113019650.html
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From Poland. Title: First report of occurrence of viruses on some field-grown rose cultivars in Warsaw.
Author: Paduch-Cichal, E.
Published in: Phytopathologia Polonica 2003 No. 28 pp. 53-62
"Some 261 rose cultivars grown in 4 different places in Warsaw, Poland were tested for apple mosaic virus (ApMV), Arabis mosaic virus (ArMV), Prunus necrotic ringspot virus (PNRSV) and strawberry latent ringspot virus (SLRSV) by the serological DAS [double antibody sandwich]-ELISA test. PNRSV and SLRSV were found but ApMV and ArMV were not.".........." Reduction in size of shoots and leaves was observed in cv. Lagerfeuer infected with SLRSV."
http://www.cabdirect.org/abstracts/20033112460.html
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From Denmark. In the historical section of the Ph.D. Thesis by P.C.Gardner, 1983, titled: "Virus and virus-like diseases of roses in New Zealand", he cites a number of (pre-Google) references to SLRSV being found in roses in Denmark (mainly rugosas).
http://muir.massey.ac.nz/bitstream/handle/10179/3563/02_whole.pdf?sequence=1.84349003,d.aWw
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Despite the above indicated wide distribution, SLRSV has not been a problem for rose growers (and also not for strawberry growers) in the U.S. This point has been discussed in the following paper: Title: A virus between families: nucleotide sequence and evolution of Strawberry latent ringspot virus
Authors: IE Tzanetakis, JD Postman, RC Gergerich, and RR Martin
Published in: Virus research, vol 121, pages 199-204, (2006).
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0168170206001870
They reported that: "SLRSV was recently found in commercial strawberry fields in the western coast of the United States, where the nematode vectors are not known to exist and in Mentha X gracilis, 'Variegata' obtained from mail-in nurseries in Maryland, Ohio and Nebraska..."
also
"SLRSV was considered a quarantine virus in the United States until its recent identification in both strawberry and mint..." ........ "Because SLRSV is now known to be geographically widespread in the United States...."
In the above paper, they tested whether the mint aphid or the spotted cucumber beetle could be transmission vectors (based on close similarity to viruses that are transmitted by them). No transmission was found. They close the paper by stating that they are now testing different species of nematodes for transmission.
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H.Kuska comment. The reason for including this virus in the present series of articles about rose viruses is that it appears that it is possible/probable that it may become a serious U.S. problem in the not too distant future. Particularly for hybridizers as this virus is known to be seed transmitted.
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A picture of a SLRSV infected rose leaf is available at:
http://www.invasive.org/browse/detail.cfm?imgnum=0162102
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My other rose virus sites can be reached from the following index page: