SEC-PHYSICS
Semester-III
SEC-3:PHYS3051: Basic Instruments and their Usage (Credits: 03)
F.M. = 50 (Theory - 40, Internal Assessment – 10)
Course Objective:This course is designed to give the students an exposure with various aspects of electrical and optical instruments and their applications in experimental physics.
Electrical/ Electronic Instruments
Unit 1: Voltage and Current Sources
Unit 1: Voltage and current sources,Principles of measurement of dc voltage & current, ac voltage& current and a resistance, Specifications of an electronic voltmeter/ multi-meter and their significance, Advantages of electronic voltmeter over conventional multi-meter for the measurement of voltage, Instrumental accuracy, Precision, Sensitivity, Resolution, Range etc., Errors in measurements and loading effects.
Unit 2: CRO
Unit 2: Cathode Ray Oscilloscope: Block diagram of basic CRO, Time base operation, Synchronization, Front panel controls, Specifications of a CRO and their significance, Use of CRO for the measurement of voltage (dc and ac), frequency, Special feature of dual trace.
Unit 3: Signal Generators
Unit 3: Signal Generators: Block diagram, Explanation and specifications of low frequency signal generators,Pulse generators and function generators.
Unit 4: Digital Instruments
Unit 4: Digital Instruments: Principle and function of a digital meter, Characteristics of a digital meter,Comparison of analog & digital instruments.
Optical Instruments
Unit 1 Optical microscope:Simple microscope,Compound microscope, Electron microscope:Principal components,Working principle and uses.
Unit 2 Telescope: Principal components,Working principle and uses of different types of telescopes (Astronomical telescope, Terrestrial telescope, Reflecting telescope).
Unit3 An objective lens and an eyepiece or ocular lens: Elements, Angular magnification of a telescope, Angular magnification of a microscope, Huygens eyepiece, Ramsden eyepiece.
Unit4 Spectrometer: Principal components, Role of individual components, Uses, Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-VIS), Near-infrared (NIR) and Raman spectrometers.