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I. Clinical Aspects of Sleep Apnea Syndrome

1. Sleep Apnea Syndrome

a. Definition

b. Craniofacial Morphology

and SAS

c. Chewing and SAS

2. Treatment

a. Oral Appliance Therapy

a.1. Indications

a.2. Mechanism of Action of

Oral Appliance

a.3. Effect of Oral Appliance

a.3.1. AHI

a.3.2. Sleep Quality

Variables

a.3.3. Sleepiness

a.3.4. Snoring

a.3.5. Blood Pressure

a.3.6. Upper Airway

Resistance Syndrome

a.3.7. Side Effects

a.4. Factors Influencing the

Effect

a.4.1. Anatomical Factors

a.4.2. Functional Factors

a.4.3. Sleep Position

a.5. Prognosis

b. Maxillofacial Surgical

Treatment

b.1. Orthognathic Surgery

b.2. Distraction Osteogenesis

3. Future Directions

a. Periodontal Disease and

SAS

a.1. SAS as a Risk Factor for

Periodontal Disease

a.2. Relationship among

Periodontal Disease,

Diabetes Mellitus and

Heart Disease

a.3. Relationship between

Periodontal Disease and

Metabolic Syndrome

a.4. Oral Appliance Therapy

of SAS and Oral Hygiene

b. Central Mechanism of SAS

and the Effect of Oral

Appliances

c. Future oral Appliance


II. Neurophysiological Aspect of Sleep Apnea Syndrome

1. Electrophysiological

Studies

a. Electromyogram

b. Movement-related Cortical

Potentials

c. Contingent Negative

Variation

2. Magnetoencephalography

3. Near-infrared Spectroscopy

Conclusion

References