I'm a senior economist at the D.G. for Economics, Statistics and Research of the Bank of Italy. My job is to monitor and analyze the changes in the structure of the Italian Economy, in particular of its private business environment. My research focuses on economic and productivity growth. I am currently working on innovation, the determinants and the effects of technological adoption and the economics of AI. This is my personal page and you can find my recent research papers.
Measuring market power: macro- and micro-evidence from Italy. With E. Ciapanna, A. Linarello and G. Rovigatti, Empirical Economics, 2024, vol. 67, pp. 2677–2717. Link to the paper
Ownership, governance, management and firm performance: evidence from Italian firms. With A. Baltrunaite, A. Linarello and S. Mocetti, Italian Economic Journal, 2024, vol. 10, pp. 993–1027. Link to the paper
The heterogeneous response of domestic sales and exports to bank credit shocks. With Ines Buono, Journal of International Economics, Vol. 113, Pages 55-73, 2018. Link to the paper
New evidence on the evolution of the anchoring of inflation expectations. With Ines Buono. Journal of Macroeconomics, Vol. 57, Pages 39-54, 2018. Link to the paper
Explaining waek investment growth after the Great Recession: a macro-panel analysis. With Ines Buono. In International Macroeconomics in the wake of the Global Financial Crisis, Springer-Verlag, 2018. Link
Institution-Driven Comparative Advantage and Organizational Choice. With Shon Ferguson. Journal of International Economics, Vol. 90, No. 1, 2013. Link to the paper
Artificial intelligence adoption: productivity effects and supporting policies. With L. Bellomarini, F. Bertolotti, L. Citino, M.G. Cassinis, F. D'Amuri, S. Del Prete, L. Mirenda, M. Rigon and A. Russo Russo, Bank of Italy's Occasional Paper Series, 2026, n.1009. Link to the paper
Working from home and labour productivity: firm-level evidence. With G. Basso and D. Dottori, Bank of Italy's Working Paper Series, 2025, n.1508. Link to the paper
Innovative firms unveiled: economic and financial insights from Italian start-ups. With M.G. Cassinis, A. Cintolesi, A. Locatelli, F. Manaresi, E. Manzoli, G. Papini, F. Parlapiano, P. Recchia and S. Zuccolà, Bank of Italy's Occasional Paper Series, 2025, n.967. Link to the paper
Embracing the digital transition: the adoption of cloud computing and AI by Italian firms. With L. Bencivelli, E. Mattevi and T. Padellini, Bank of Italy's Occasional Paper Series, 2025, n.946. Link to the paper
Closing the Italian digital gap: The role of skills, intangibles and policies. With F. Calvino, S. DeSantis, I. Desnoyers-James, I. Goretti, S. Lombardi, F. Manaresi and G. Perani, OECD Science, Technology and Industry Policy Papers, 2022, n.126. Link to the paper
Firm characteristics and potential output: a growth accounting approach. With D. Fantino and A. Mistretta, Bank of Italy's Occasional Paper Series, 2021, n.616. Link to the paper
Bank credit, liquidity and firm-level investment: are recessions different? Bank of Italy’s Working Paper Series, 2019, n. 1239. Link to the paper
Heterogeneous Firms and Credit Frictions: a General Equilibrium Analysis of Market Entry Decision. Bank of Italy’s Working Paper Series, n. 940, November 2013. Link to the paper
Quantifying productivity effects of GVCs. With Filippo Vergara Caffarelli, INET Working Paper Series NO:2015/21, University of Cambridge. Link to the paper
A missing generation: the effect of the Covid-19 shock on firm dynamincs. With F. Lotti, F. Manaresi and F. Scoccianti, work in progress. Link to lavoce (italian only)
North-South Trade with Heterogeneous Firms. Mimeo 2012 Link to the paper
Contacts:
D.G. for Economics, Statistics and Research
Structural Economic Analysis Directorate
Bank of Italy
Via Nazionale 91
00184 Roma, Italy
I was born in Ferrara (Italy), a beautiful city in northern east corner of Emilia Romagna. Despite strong ties at the age of 19 I left for Milan to be trained as an Economist and then proceeded abroad. I hold a Ph.D. in Economics from the Stockholm School of Economics. During my graduate studies, I held visiting positions at the Toulouse School of Economics and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. From 2010 to 2012 I worked as an Economist in Frankfurt at the D.G. of Economics of the European Central Bank. On September 2012 I happily moved back to Italy to work as an Economist at the Bank of Italy. Between 2016 and 2017 I was on leave to work as an economic consultant for the Italian Prime Minister. I currently live in Rome with my daughter Mia, my son Luca and my husband Emilio, whom I met many years ago while an undergrad at Bocconi University.
sara.formai@bancaditalia.it / sara.formai@gmail.com
Important Notice: The views and opinions expressed on this website are strictly those of page author. The contents of this website have not been reviewed or approved by Banca d'Italia.