Dr. Naveed Akhtar

“I am passionate about H2/Fuel Cells since 2001 and in below you will find the way how I got it! , I plan to take a step further!”  [Naveed Akhtar, 25/01/2017]           

Naveed Akhtar, Ph.D., PE, CEng, MIET

Naveed has a track record of over 24 years in Hydrogen Energy/Fuel Cells field. He is among one of the experts around the world who has had the opportunity to work on almost all major types of fuel cells, i.e. SOFC, PEMFC, DMFC and AFC. In 2020, he founded the world's first international hydrogen aviation conference (IHAC) platform. Naveed is currently leading Zero-Emission Mobility, Green Hydrogen Production & Hydrogen Aviation projects.

Naveed holds a multidisciplinary academic background, i.e., B.Eng. in Mechanical (Pak), M.Sc. in Renewable Energy (Germany) and PhD in Chemical Engineering (UK). In 2001, he became interested in hydrogen/fuel cells and executed a three-year project on hydrogen storage in metal hydrides- the first of its kind in Pakistan. This project allowed him to travel to Germany for training on PCI Unit (used for hydrogen storage characterization) at the Institut für Kernenergetik und Energiesysteme (IKE), Stuttgart and to Japan Steel Works (JSW) on metal hydride refrigeration unit. 

In 2004, Naveed followed the recommendation of founding President, Professor T. Nejat Veziroğlu (International Association for Hydrogen Energy) to enrol into an M.Sc. Programme in Renewable Energy in Germany. During his stay in Germany, he worked on Direct Methanol Fuel Cells at Forschungszentrum Jülich, one of the leading European Fuel Cell Research Institutes and on Tubular Solid Oxide Fuel Cells at German Aerospace Center, Stuttgart. In 2006, Naveed was offered a Dorothy Hodgkin Award (targeted at outstanding students from developing countries) to pursue his PhD in the field of single-chamber, micro-tubular solid oxide fuel cells supported by E.ON, UK. His research on this topic has the honour to be the first modelling and experimental studies ever published. In 2009, Naveed decided to step into the third type of fuel cell, i.e. Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, thus he moved to the Netherlands working at Technical University Eindhoven in collaboration with Energy Research Centre of the Netherlands (ECN). In the passion for fuel cells, Naveed did not stop there and moved back to UK where he spent ~six years working on the 4th type of fuel cell, i.e. Alkaline Fuel Cells at AFC Energy holding his last position as Chief Scientist in 2017.

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As always willing to travel, due to his continued interest in fuel cells, he has worked/trained in Canada and Italy as well. Naveed holds various prestigious awards/fellowships such as Marie Curie Fellowship, UNESCO Fellowship, Grove Fuel Cell Symposium Student Bursary, Universitas 21 Scholarship, DAAD Scholarship etc. He has over 28 papers in scientific journals/proceedings and 11 patents published in the field of fuel cells.

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Naveed’s biography has been published annually in 28th -33rd edition (2011-2016) of “Who’s Who in the World” and in 2018 selected as Albert Nelson Marquis Lifetime Achievement Award. Naveed has received the "best applications-oriented paper" (extending lifetime of AFCs) award at the 2013 PEFC & H2 Forum-Switzerland, Europe's most respected fuel cell event. He has been acting as a Member of Scientific Advisory Committee (SAC) for European PEFC & H2 Forum held at Lucerne, Switzerland in July 2015, 2017 & 2019. Naveed has also served as program committee member for US Fuel Cell Seminar & Energy Exposition, 2017 & 2019.

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Naveed is a member of several professional institutions, such as PVS, IET and is a registered Chartered Engineer (CEng).

EDUCATION:

 2009             Ph.D.  (Chemical Engineering), University of Birmingham, UK

2006             M.Sc.  (Renewable Energy), University of Oldenburg, Germany

1998             B.E.  (Mechanical Engineering), NED University, Pakistan

PROJECT INTERESTS:

 1)     Hydrogen Energy / Fuel Cells

2)      Green & Blue Hydrogen with CCUS

3)      Energy Storage Systems (Power to Gas, Metal Hydride Systems, Electrochemical Systems)

4)      Zero Emission Mobility (Road, Rail, Marine & Aviation) 

5)      Batteries, Supercapacitors and Electrolysers

PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE:

 02/2023 – till date, Business Development - Hydrogen & Green Fuels

NEOM, Saudi Arabia

Working in the Business Development Unit of Hydrogen & Green Fuels Team on Green Hydrogen Projects (Mobility, Electrolysers & NEOM Green Hydrogen) including, World’s Largest Green Hydrogen Project (2 GW).

Executing 30m USD project in collaboration with ZeroAvia, UK & NEOM

Completed technical & commercial due diligence on start-ups working on e-Sustainable Aviation Fuel (e-SAF) & H2 Powered Aircraft.
Working on H2/e-SAF Infrastructure set-up & regulatory framework for Hydrogen Powered Aviation.
Performed due diligence on 5 Hydrogen Powered Drone Companies & selected 1 for further collaboration.

02/2020 – till date, Founder, International Hydrogen Aviation Conference (IHAC)

Scotland, United Kingdom

World's first platform dedicated exclusively to discuss hydrogen use in aviation

 08/2017 – 02/2023, Chief Technology Officer / Independent Consultant

Scotland, United Kingdom

Oracle Power, UK

Project-1: Organizer, Annual Int’l. Hydrogen Aviation Conference (IHAC), UK 

Project-2: Solid oxide fuel cell stack and systems development for mobile (Range extender electric vehicle, UAVs and portable) applications, in collaboration with Volkswagen, Germany 

Project-3: Stack & systems development for PEMFCs / DMFCs, UK 

Project-4: Zero Emission (Battery & Fuel Cell) Buses & Hydrogen Powered Drone Development Project, Hungary 

Project-5: Pakistan’s first 400 MW Green Hydrogen & Green Ammonia Project, including, due diligence on PEM, AWE, AEM and SOEC OEMs. The project was partly funded by HH Sheikh Ahmed Dalmook Al Maktoum, an Emirati royal family member, includes partnerships with Thyssenkrupp Uhde, PowerChina & PetroChina 

Project-6: Direct Ethanol Fuel Cell Development, USA

09/2016 – 07/2017, Chief Scientist

AFC Energy plc, UK

Advisory role to meet scientific and strategic objectives of the Company

Ensure Company's research programs are scientifically and technologically well founded

Intellectual Property Portfolio Management

Information Security Policy Development & Implementation

Represent Company at International and National Conferences/Scientific Events

02/2015 – 09/2016,  Fuel Cell Stack Manager

AFC Energy plc, UK

Planning and Executing the Stack Testing, Performing Failure Mode and Effects Analysis, Analyzing and Reporting Data, Continuing Product Improvement, Chair- Systems Development Review Meeting

 12/2013 – 02/2015,   Team Leader- Fuel Cell Stack R&D

AFC Energy plc, UK

Systems development, Stack diagnostics via EIS, Thermal and water management in alkaline fuel cell stacks, Hydrogen recirculation, Degradation during cycling in AFC stacks, Ionic leakages in AFC stacks, Stack performance and durability optimization using DMAIC approach, CFD Modelling using Ansys-Fluent

12/2012 – 11/2013,   Senior Scientist

AFC Energy plc, UK

Single cell operation and testing (in fuel cell & electrolyser mode), Modelling and experimental optimization of stack operation using DOE approach, Data interpretation and analysis, Stack design and configuration

 12/2011 – 11/2012   Fuel Cell Modeller/Scientist

AFC Energy plc, UK

Alkaline fuel cell modelling, laboratory based cell testing and characterization, effect of operating conditions on cell longevity, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy

 11/2009 – 11/2011   Postdoctoral Fellow

Chemical Engineering, Technical University Eindhoven, The Netherlands.

Energy Centre Netherlands (ECN)

Project: Two-phase modelling effects in PEM Fuel Cells using Fluent/COMSOL.

 12/2006 – 11/2009   Postgraduate Research Fellow

Chemical Engineering/Maths, University of Birmingham, United Kingdom.

PhD thesis: Single-Chamber, Solid Oxide Fuel Cells: Modelling and Experiments.

[Supervisor: Professor S. Decent / K. Kendall] (E.ON-UK, £0.1m funding support).

Modelling of solid oxide fuel cells using COMSOL-Multiphysics.

Design of Experiments, Cell/Stack preparation, testing and SEM/EDS analysis.

 Teaching Assistant/Lab Demonstrator

Mathematics/Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, United Kingdom.

“C++ Programming” to undergraduate students. SOFC Experiments’ Supervisor for undergraduate students. 

 07/2008 –08/2008   Visiting Researcher

Ecole Polytechnique, University of Montreal, Canada.

Ink preparation, mixing, robot control deposition and testing of Co-Planar type SC-SOFCs.

 06/2007 –06/2007   Hydrogen Safety Course Fellowship

2nd European Summer School on Hydrogen Safety, Belfast, UK.

 04/2006 –11/2006   Wiss. Mitarbeiter/ Scientific Co-Worker

Institute of Materials Processing, University of Bayreuth, Germany.

Modelling of Glass Melting using Ansys (Finite Element Modelling).

Experiments on PEM Fuel Cells (MEA preparation and testing).

 09/2006 –09/2006   Marie Curie Fellowship

Center for Advanced Studies, Research and Development (CRS4), Italy.

Workshop: Transport in Polymeric Membranes: Modern Trends in Simulation Methods and Experimental Techniques.

 08/2004 –03/2006   Postgraduate Programme Renewable Energy (PPRE)

University of Oldenburg, Germany.

Studied Courses: Hydrogen Energy Systems, Solar/PV, Biomass, Wind Energy.

 07/2005 –03/2006   Student Assistant

German Aerospace Center (DLR), Stuttgart, Germany.

M.Sc. Thesis: Dynamic Modeling of Solid Oxide Fuel Cells in Matlab/Simulink

[Supervisor: Prof. K.A. Friedrich, Dr. Robert Steinberger-Wilckens]

 05/2005 –06/2005   UNESCO Fellowship

Center for Advanced Studies, Research and Development (CRS4), Italy.

Training course: Fuel Cell Modelling and Optimization.

 02/2005 –04/2005   Internship

Institute of Energy Research, Research Center Juelich, Germany.

Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) with equivalent circuit analysis of      Direct Methanol Fuel Cell (DMFC).

[Supervisor: Dr. Klaus Wippermann]

 05/2001 –07/2004   Research Assistant

NED University of Engineering and Technology, Karachi, Pakistan.

Study on Advanced Refrigeration Systems Using Hydrogen Absorption/Desorption in Metal Hydrides.

Worked under the supervision of Advisor to Vice Chancellor

Established Pakistan’s First Hydrogen Energy Laboratory in Mechanical Eng. Department. Strong skills in Project Management and Design of Experiments.

 10/2002 –10/2002   Research Training

Muroran Research Laboratory, Hokkaido, Japan.

Operational Training on Metal Hydride Refrigeration Unit.

[Supervisor: Yutaka Shimizu]

 06/2002 –06/2002   Research Training

Institut für Kernenergetik und Energiesysteme (IKE), University of Stuttgart, Germany.

Training on Hydrogen Absorption/Desorption Test (PCI) Unit.

[Supervisor: Professor Manfred Groll]

DISTINCTION

• • Biography published annually in 28th -32nd edition (2011-2015) of “Who’s Who in the World”.

  • Honorary Recommendation from Prof.T.Nejat Veziroglu, President, Intl. Association of Hydrogen Energy.

  • Established Pakistan’s First Hydrogen Energy Laboratory.

  • World’s First Experimental and Modelling Study on Micro-Tubes under Single-Chamber Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Conditions, Published in Journal of Power Sources.

  • Amongst top 10 in B.Eng. (Mechanical) from NED University, Karachi, in 1998.

PROFESSIONAL AFFILIATIONS / ACTIVITIES

• • Chartered Engineer (CEng)

  • Member, Program Committee, Fuel Cell Seminar & Energy Exposition, USA, 2017

  • Member, Scientific Advisory Committee, European Fuel Cell Forum, 2017

  • Member, Scientific Advisory Committee, European Fuel Cell Forum, 2015

  • Member, Organizing Committee, 2nd Intl. Conference on Chemical Engineering, 2017, USA

  • Member, American Association for Science and Technology (AASCIT)

  • Member, Institution of Engineering and Technology (MIET)

  • Affiliate Member, Institution of Chemical Engineers (IChemE)

  • Member, International Association for Hydrogen Energy (IAHE)

  • Member, American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME)

  • Member, The Electrochemical Society (ECS)

  • Member, Pakistan Vacuum Society (PVS)

  • Professional Engineer (PE), Pakistan Engineering Council (PEC)

  • Session Chair, Alkaline and Direct Alcohol Fuel Cells at EFCF-2013

  • Reviewer, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

  • Reviewer, Electrochemistry Communications

  • Reviewer, Energies Journal

  • Editorial Board Member, American Journal of Energy and Power Engineering

SCHOLARSHIPS & AWARDS

• • Albert Nelson Marquis Lifetime Achievement Award, 2018, USA.

  • The Hermann Göhr Award for the best paper at 4th European PEFC & H2 Forum, Switzerland.

  • 11th Grove Fuel Cell Symposium Student Bursary, UK.

  • Dorothy Hodgkin Postgraduate Award by Royal Society, UK.

  • U21 International Research Scholarship, UK.

  • Awarded Student Membership, Electrochemical Society, USA.

  • DAAD- Scholarship for M.Sc. studies, Germany.

  • Short-term, Marie Curie Fellowship, Italy.

  • UNESCO Fellowship, Italy.

  • Nuclear Eng. Studies Scholarship, Karachi, Pakistan.

PROFESSIONAL SKILLS AND OTHER

• • Lean Sigma Manufacturing Green Belt (with Minitab)

  • Comsol-Multiphysics (Expert, working since 2006)

  • Manual Handling Course

  • Fire Awareness Course

  • Lab Safety Management and Chemical Hazards Safety Course.

  • Fluent, Gambit (used in postdoc)

  • Ansys UDF, Multiphase and Parallel Processing

  • Matlab/Simulink (used in my M.Sc. thesis)

  • Mechanical Desktop, Autocad2000, Mathcad, Statistica

  • Full Command on Math’s Software “Maple”

  • Windows, Ms-Office -2000 (Ms-Word, Power Point, Excell, Front Page)

  • Assembly Language Of Z-80 Micro Processor, Fortran-77, C++, RET Screen, WASP

  • Fuel Cells related Softwares, Corrview , Z-View, DLPoly, XMGrace, Thales

  • Flotran, CFX, ICEM-CFD, Star-CD,

  • Latex

  • Labview

LANGUAGES

Having good command over Urdu, English & German Language Course & obtained Certificate for German Language Learning, Grundstufe-3.

EXTERNAL EXAMINING

10/2016           School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, UK.    

External Examiner, Ph.D. Thesis, Tony Meadowcroft

KEYNOTE SPEAKER

05/2015           Fuel Cell & H2 Technical Conference 2015, 19-21 May, 2015, Birmingham, UK

Talk entitled “Development and Operation of Alkaline Fuel Cell Stacks at AFC Energy"

INVITED GUEST SPEAKER

09/2009           COMSOL, UK    

Talk entitled “Numerical Modelling of Methane Powered, Micro-Tubular, Single-Chamber, Solid Oxide Fuel Cells”.

08/2010           Pakistan Naval Engineering College (NUST), Karachi, Pakistan.    

Talk entitled “Hydrogen Energy/Fuel Cell Research: An Overview of the Latest Activities.”

SELECTED PRESENTATIONS

04/2008           British Applied Mathematics Colloquium, Manchester, UK

Talk entitled “Numerical Modelling of Novel, Planar, Single-Chamber, Solid Oxide Fuel Cells”.

06/2008           ASME 6th International Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology    

                       Conference, Colorado, USA.

Talk entitled “Modelling of Co-Planar type SC-SOFCs.”

07/2008            8th European SOFC Forum, Lucerne, Switzerland.    

                       Talk entitled “An Isothermal Numerical Model of SC-SOFC.”

10/2008            Scientific Advances in Fuel Cell Systems, Copenhagen, Denmark.    

                       Talk entitled “Experiments on Mixed-Reactant, Micro-Tubular, SOFCs.”

11/2008             E-ON Power Technology Centre, UK.    

                        Talk entitled “On SC-SOFCs: Modelling and Experiments.”

10/2010             Netherland Process Technology Symposium, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.    

                        Talk entitled “Water Transport in Tapered Channels of a PEM Fuel Cell.”

07/2013            4th European PEFC & H2 Forum, Switzerland.    

Talk entitled “Extending lifetime of alkaline fuel cells via efficient water management strategies.”

PUBLICATIONS

A. Books:

1. Akhtar N*, Micro Tubular - Single Chamber Solid Oxide Fuel Cells. ISBN 978-3-330-01462-6, LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing, 2016.

B. Patents:

1. Akhtar N*, Austin JA, Thomas M. 2013. Fuel Cell System. WO/2013/167868, filed April 29, 2013, and issued November 14, 2013.

2. Akhtar N*, Austin JA, Sutherland HL. Fuel Cells and Method of Operation. WO/2014/096793, filed Dec 16, 2013, and issued June 26, 2014.

3. Akhtar N*. Fuel Cell System.WO/2014/111686, filed Jan 03, 2014, and issued July 24, 2014.

4. Akhtar N*. Fuel Cell.WO/2014/174303, filed April 24, 2014, and issued Oct 30, 2014.

5. Akhtar N*. Operation of a Fuel Cell System.WO/2014/174301, filed April 24, 2014, and issued Oct 30, 2014.

6. Akhtar N*. Fuel Cell System and Method of Operating said Fuel Cell. WO/2015/008031, filed July 07, 2014, and issued Jan 22, 2015.

7. Sutherland H* , Reynolds C, Lewis G, Akhtar N, Maynard N, Fuel Cells, Electrodes and Method of Manufacture. WO/2015/033123, filed Sept 02, 2014, and issued Mar 12, 2015.

8. Akhtar N*, Fuel Cell System.GB 2511615, filed Jan 02, 2014, and issued Sept 10, 2014.     

9. Akhtar N*, Fuel Cell System.GB 2534254, filed Aug 24, 2015, and issued July 20, 2016. 

10. Akhtar N*, Fuel Cell Track System.GB 2534549, filed Jan 16, 2015, and issued Aug 03, 2016. 

11. Akhtar N*, Electrode for Fuel Cell Stacks and Method of Manufacture.GB 2537632, filed Apr 21, 2015, and issued Oct 26, 2016. 

C. Peer-reviewed journals (As a Lead Author):

[1] N.Akhtar*, S.P.Decent, D.Loghin and K.Kendall, Mixed-Reactant, micro-Tubular, Solid Oxide Fuel Cells: An Experimental Study, Journal of Power Sources, 193 (2009) 39-48.

[2] N.Akhtar*, S.P.Decent, K.Kendall, Cell temperature measurements in micro-tubular, single-chamber, solid oxide fuel cells (MT-SC-SOFCs), Journal of Power Sources, 195 (2010) 7818-7824.

[3] N.Akhtar*, S.P.Decent, K.Kendall, Structural stability of silver under single-chamber, solid oxide fuel cell conditions, International Journal of Hydrogen Hydrogen Energy, 34 (2009) 7807-7810.

[4] N.Akhtar*, S.P.Decent, D.Loghin and K.Kendall, A three-dimensional numerical model of a single-chamber solid oxide fuel cell, International Journal of Hydrogen Hydrogen Energy, 34 (2009) 8645-8663.

[5] N.Akhtar*, S.P.Decent, K.Kendall, Numerical modelling of methane-powered micro-tubular, single-chamber, solid oxide fuel cell (MT-SC-SOFC), Journal of Power Sources, 195 (2010) 7796-7807.

[6] N.Akhtar*, A.Rosin, M.Willert-Porada, Modelling of the Coupled Thermo-electric Fluid Flow Effects in a Compact Glass Melting Tank, European Journal of Glass Science and Technology, 51 (2010) 31-34.

[7] N.Akhtar*, S.P.Decent, K.Kendall, A parametric analysis of a micro-tubular, single-chamber solid oxide fuel cell (MT-SC-SOFC), International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, doi: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2010.10.032.

[8] N.Akhtar*, K.Kendall, Silver modified cathode for a micro-tubular, single-chamber solid oxide fuel cell, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, doi: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2010.10.043.

[9] N.Akhtar*, S.P.Decent, D.Loghin and K.Kendall, Modeling of Co-Planar type Single-Chamber Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SC-SOFCs), Journal of Fuel Cell Science and Technology, 8 (2011) 041014.

[10] N.Akhtar*, P.J.A.M Kerkhof, Dynamic Behavior of Liquid Water Transport in a Tapered Channel of a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Cathode, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, doi: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2010.11.096.

[11] N.Akhtar*, P.J.A.M Kerkhof, Effect of Channel and Rib Width on Transport Phenomena within the Cathode of a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, doi: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2011.02.039.

[12] N.Akhtar*, Micro-tubular, single-chamber solid oxide fuel cell (MT-SC-SOFC) stacks: Model development, Chemical Engineering Research and Design, doi: 10.1016/j.cherd.2011.09.013.

[13] N.Akhtar*, Modelling of novel porous inserted micro-tubular, single-chamber solid oxide fuel cells (MT-SC-SOFCs), Chemical Engineering Journal, doi: 10.1016/j.cej.2011.11.001.

[14] N.Akhtar*, K.Kendall, Micro-tubular, solid oxide fuel cell stack operated under single-chamber conditions, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, doi: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2011.07.057.

[15] N.Akhtar*, P.J.A.M Kerkhof, Predicting Liquid Water Saturation Through Differently Structured Cathode Gas Diffusion Media of a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell, Journal of Fuel Cell Science and Technology, doi: 10.1115/1.4005617

D. Peer-reviewed conference proceedings (As a Lead Author):

[1] N.Akhtar*, S.P.Decent, D.Loghin and K.Kendall, Modelling of Gas Flow and Electrochemical Effects in a Single Chamber-Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SC-SOFC), ECS Transactions, 13 (28 )107-124 (2008 ).

E. Non-peer-reviewed conference proceedings

[1] N.Akhtar*, P.Schumann, C.Graf, Modeling of the heat transfer in Tubular Solid Oxide Fuel Cells within Matlab/Simulink, Proceedings, International Hydrogen Energy Congress, 13-15 July, 2007, Istanbul, Turkey.

[2] N.Vojković*, N.Akhtar, Technologies of Sustainable Development that were feed by Hydrogen or Hydrogen Compounds as a Fuel, Proceedings of the ELECTRA IV Conference, 2006, Tara Resort.

[3] N.Akhtar*, S.P.Decent, D.Loghin and K.Kendall, An isothermal numerical model of single chamber solid oxide fuel cells, 8th European SOFC forum, 2008, Lucerne, Switzerland.

[4] N.Akhtar*, S.P.Decent, D.Loghin and K.Kendall, Computational Analysis of Transport Phenomena in a Single-Chamber-Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SC-SOFC), Proceedings of the International Conference and Trade Fair on Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Technologies, 22-23 Oct., 2008, Hamburg, Germany.

[5] N.Akhtar*, S.P.Decent and K.Kendall, Cycling performance of micro-tubular, single-chamber, solid oxide fuel cells (MT-SC-SOFCs), European Fuel Cell Forum, 2009, Lucerne, Switzerland.

[6] N.Akhtar*, S.P.Decent and K.Kendall, Single chamber, micro-tubular, solid oxide fuel cells: a short-term degradation study, 9th European SOFC forum, 2010, Lucerne, Switzerland.

[7] N.Akhtar*, A CFD Model Predicting Liquid Water Exhaust Through Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Channels, 9th International Fuel Cell Science, Engineering & Technology Conference, 2011, Washington DC, USA.

[8] N.Akhtar*, P.J.A.M Kerkhof, A Numerical Model Predicting Liquid Water Saturation within the Cathode Electrode of a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell, European Fuel Cell Forum, 2011, Lucerne, Switzerland.

[9] N.Akhtar, Water Droplet Dynamics in a Micro-Tubular, Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell, International European Fuel Cell Forum, 2011, Lucerne, Switzerland.                                                                                                        

[10] N.Akhtar*, G. Lewis, Extending lifetime of alkaline fuel cells via efficient water management strategies, 4th European PEFC & H2 Forum, 2013, Lucerne, Switzerland.                                                                                                           

[11] G. Lewis, M.Boland, J. McIntyre, N. Akhtar, C. Huetten, F. Kunz*, J. Roes, A. Heinzel, Development of an alkaline fuel cell simulation model-electrochemistry and mass transfer, European Fuel Cell Forum, 2014, Lucerne, Switzerland.

[12] N. Akhtar; Stack Development at AFC Energy- Aiming towards the Deployment of World's Largest Alkaline Fuel Cell System, 5th European PEFC & H2 Forum, 2015, Lucerne, Switzerland.                      

F. Selected Posters

[1] N.Akhtar*, S.P.Decent, K.Kendall, Single-chamber, micro-tubular, solid oxide fuel cells: cells and stack, 11th Grove Fuel Cell Symposium, 22-24 Sept., London, UK. 

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