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About Kerala:

Kerala is the land of kera or coconut. It is a never-ending array of coconut palms; sun blanched beaches… enchanting backwaters cruised by kettuvallams (rice barges); magical monsoon showers; rich diversity of flora and fauna; misty mountains of the Western Ghats; fragrance of spices and a plethora of art forms; fairs and festivals..... Welcome to God's Own Country - Kerala.

Origin of Kerala has been linked to a legend, which says that Kerala rose up from the sea when Lord Parasurama threw his axe into it and the sea receded to bring up this narrow strip of land from underneath. Lord Parasurama, believed to be the sixth avatar of Lord Mahavishnu, threw his axe from Gokarnam southward across the ocean in rage and in repentance for his actions of killing the kshatriyas. The land of Kerala emerged from the waters of the Arabian Sea with the blessing of Varuna - the God of Oceans and Bhumidevi - the Goddess of Earth.

Kerala lies along the coastline, to the extreme southwest of the Indian peninsula. It is flanked by the Arabian Sea on the west and the mountains of the Western Ghats on the east. This land of Parasurama stretches north-south along a coastline of 580 km with a varying width of 35 to 120 km. Cascading delicately down the hills to the coasts covered by verdant coconut groves, the topography and physical characteristics change distinctly from east to west. The nature of the terrain and its physical features, divides an east west cross section of the State into three distinct regions- hills and valleys, midland and plains and the coastal region. Located between north latitudes 8018' and 12048' and east longitudes 74052' and 72022', the State of Kerala encompasses 1.18 per cent of the country.

The Western Ghats, bordering the eastern boundary of the State, form an almost continuous mountain wall, except near Palakkad where there is a natural mountain pass known as the Palakkad Gap. The average elevation of the Ghats is about 1500 meters above sea level, occasionally soaring to peaks of 2000 to 2500 meters. From the Ghats, the land slopes to the west on to the plains, into an unbroken coastline.

The strip of hills and valleys on the eastern edge, close to the Ghats, comprises steep mountains and deep valleys, covered with dense forests. Almost all the rivers of the State originate here. There are 44 rivers in the state, of which 41 originate from the Western Ghats and flow towards west into the Arabian Sea. Only three tributaries of the river Cauvery originate in Kerala and flow east into the neighbouring States. These rivers and streams flowing down from the Western Ghats into the backwaters in the coastal area or directly into the Arabian Sea. As the Western Ghats are nowhere more than 120 km from the sea, all these rivers are comparatively short.

In the Midland Plains of central Kerala, the hills are not very steep and the valleys are wide. The valleys have been developed as paddy fields and the elevated lands and hill slopes are converted into estates of rubber, fruit trees and other cash crops like pepper, areca nut and tapioca. Tea and coffee estates have cropped up in the high ranges during the last two centuries.

The Coastal belt is comparatively plain. Extensive paddy fields, thick groves of coconut trees and picturesque backwaters, interconnected with canals and rivers are the features of this region. No wonder, Alappuzha, an old sea port town of this region is known as the 'Venice of the East'. In the southern and northern parts of the State the coastal belt also has some small hillocks.

Backwaters & Rivers:

The backwaters are a peculiar feature of the State. Canals link the lakes and backwaters to facilitate an uninterrupted inland water navigation system from Thiruvananthapuram to Vadakara, a distance of 450 km. The Vembanad lake stretching from Alappuzha to Kochi is the biggest water body in the State and is over 200 sq.km in area. Kuttanad in Alappuzha district alone has more than 20 per cent of India's total length of waterways.

The important rivers from north to south are; Valapattanam river (110 km), Chaliar (69 km), Kadalundipuzha (130 km), Bharathapuzha (209 km), Chalakudy river (130 km), Periyar (244 km), Pamba (176 km), Achancoil (128 km) and Kalladayar (121 km). Other than these, there are about 35 small rivers and rivulets flowing down from the Ghats. Most of these rivers are navigable up to the midland region, in country crafts.

How to How to reach Kerala:

One of the most connected states in India, Kerala can be reached mainly through air, rail and road. The geography of Kerala is unique as it is located between mountains and forests on one side, and the sea on the other. Some of the other distinctive geographical features of Kerala are the mid-land lakes, lagoons and backwaters. The short film "How to Reach Kerala" will help you get a better understanding on the various modes of travel to reach Kerala and will also help you navigate your way through Kerala.

Kerala- God's Own Country

Sun blanched white seashore. Endless beaches. Incessant blue waves mostly calm but sometimes boisterous clamouring and vanishing among white splashes. Green groves of coconuts just stop short and border the beaches with frills. Lurking in the backdrop a network of lagoons and backwaters. Boats and country crafts moving along. Quite a lot of rivers and countless rivulets flowing through hills and paddy fields of the midland, emptying into the backwaters. And the far off dark blue mountains. This is what the eyes meet about Kerala. An excellent colour scheme and art work of Nature. An occasional boatsman rowing and singing with cargo or people. A tiller or a mower and women planting seedlings. Women at work spinning coir. Dense plantations further eastward.

India's most beautiful State, Kerala is today one of the most sought after tourist destinations in the world. Today, Kerala Tourism is a global super brand and is recognized as a pioneer and trendsetter in the country. Its unique culture and traditions, coupled with its varied demography has made Kerala one of the most popular tourist destinations in the world. Apart from being a tourist destination, Kerala is also India's most advanced society, cleanest and most peaceful state. 'Responsible Tourism' is adopted as the cornerstone for the tourism development in the state.Better known as "Gods Own Country", Kerala offers a host of exciting holiday options. Spread out across the year is specially designed packages that highlight the State's attractions and prove beyond doubt that the season never ends in this beautiful land.

Tourist Places in Kerala

Thiruvananthapuram: The Capital City of Kerala

Thiru Anantha Puram retains its past glory of the capital of a princely state. The capital of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram (Trivandrum) or Syanandoorapuri is built on hills with wide open spaces, sports stadia and low-lying paddy fields. Thiruvananthapuram is linked by flight to Kochi, Chennai (Madras) and Mumbai (Bombay), international flights are being operated to Colombo, Maldives and Gulf countries. The district is also connected by road and rail with Chennai and Kochi.

Kovalam

About 13 km south of Thiruvananthapuram city is located one of the best bathing bays in the world - Kovalam, where a sheltered beach and a shallow sea offer excellent bathing facilities. The scenery around the place is enchanting.

Ponmudi

About 56 km north east of Thiruvananthapuram city is Ponmudi, one of the important hill stations in Kerala. It has a height of over 900 metres above sea level. Accommodation is available at government guesthouse and at Golden Peak managed by the Kerala Tourism Development Corporation.

Neyyar Dam

Neyyar Reservoir is a scenic picnic spot, 32 km south east of Thiruvananthapuram city. About nine sq. km. in area, the reservoir offers excellent boating facilities. The Neyyar Wildlife Sanctuary and the forests around the reservoir are the abode of elephants. On the upper reaches of the Neyyar reservoir there are two magnificent waterfalls. After a trek of two km through dense forests, one would reach Meenmutty waterfalls and from there another two kilometers to Kombaikani waterfalls.

Aruvikara

Thiruvananthapuram city gets its water supply from Aruvikkara, 16 km northeast of the city. The reservoir and garden here are good picnic spots for visitors. The small temple on the stream's edge attracts large number of devotees.

Veli

On the drive from Thiruvananthapuram International Airport to Thumba (Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre) is the Veli lagoon.

Varkala

The famous Hindu pilgrim centre, Varkala is 48 km north of Thiruvananthapuram. The place is noted for its mineral springs that gush out of the towering cliffs.

Agasthyarkoodam

About 1869 metres above sea level, Agasthyarkoodam is a prominent peak in the Western Ghats mountain range. A pilgrim centre of the Hindus, tradition says that the great sage Agastya had his abode in this peak. The place is also noted for its abundant Ayurvedic herbs.

Anjuthengu (Anjengo)

Situated 40 km, north of Thiruvananthapuram along the sea coast, Anjuthengu (Anjengo) is a place of historic importance. It was here that the first settlement of the English East India Company was established in 1864 A.D. According to the local folk, the limited area where five coconut palms stood (Anjuthengu - Anjengo) was given on lease to the company by the then ruling prince of Travancore for trade purposes. The remains of the old English Fort, which had withstood many a siege can be seen here even now.

Kollam:

Among the towns of Kerala, Kollam is second only to Kodungallore in historic antiquity and was a renowned international emporium of trade of the ancient world. It was the capital of the powerful kingdom called 'Venad' which came into prominence in the 9th century A.D. According to some historians, the Malayalam era called the 'Kollam era' was established by King Udaya Marthanda Varma, King of Kollam in 825 AD. In the earliest days, Phoenicians, Persians, Greeks, Romans, Arabs and the Chinese used to frequent the port. The descriptions by famed travellers like Marco Polo, Ibn Batuta, Sulaiman of Siraf and others clearly highlighted the historical importance of Kollam as a commercial town. Kollam maintains this tradition even today and it is one of the major industrial and commercial centres of Kerala. It is the nerve-centre of Kerala's cashew industry.

The sheltered recess of the calm Arabian Sea 'Thirumullavaram' is an ideal place for swimming and bathing, and attracts domestic as well as international tourists. It is situated 5 km from the town. Five kilometres north of Kollam lies 'Thankassery' which was an enclave of the Portuguese, Dutch and the British in succession. The remnants of the Portuguese and Dutch forts still exist. The place is also well known for its 45 metre high lighthouse. The centre of various tourism development activities is located in the 'Guest House Complex' Asramam, where the District Tourism Promotion Council functions. The Government Guest House which was built by the Dewan of erstwhile Travancore State Colonel Munroe in 1812, is even now a major attraction for its elegance and architectural beauty. This 48 acre complex on the banks of the Ashtamudi Lake is a naturalist's delight with a variety of rare trees and shrubs. The Children's Traffic Park, designed by the National Transportation Planning and Research Centre ( NATPAC) is located in this complex and is the largest Traffic park in Kerala. Adventure Park, which is also in this complex is a novel experiment. The young and the adventurous can try out their skills in various physical prowess.

Aryankavu

Seventy kilometers from Kollam, on the Shencotta road is the pilgrim centre of Aryankavu. The temple here is dedicated to Lord Sastha, which has some fine sculptures and mural paintings.

Palaruvi

Palaruvi- Meaning River of Milk is one of the well known waterfalls in south India and is situated 66 km from Kollam. The scenic beauty, complete with hills, valleys and cascades, covered with dense tropical forest is breathtaking.

Sasthamkotta

Sasthamkotta, another beauty spot of Kerala is situated 29 km from Kollam. With the vast freshwater lake spreading over the valleys of several hills, Sasthamkotta lake can truly be called the 'Queen of Lakes'.

Oachira

A unique pilgrim centre Oachira, 32 km from Kollam on the national highway, has a deep stamp of Advaita philosophy. The presiding deity here is the parabrahma, the absolute reality, the great source of all forms and phenomena, which cannot be symbolised by an idol or housed in a temple. Hence, there is no temple or idol for the presiding deity here. The temple festival oachira kali held in June is a crowd pulling festival

Jatayupara

Jatayupara in Chadayamangalam on the M.C. Road is a huge rock where, Jatayu, the giant bird described in the epic Ramayana fell after failing in its attempt to stop Ravana from taking Sita away. It attracts adventure lovers and offers excellent prospects of an exhilarating hang-gliding experience.

Kulathupuzha

The temple on the banks of Kulathupuzha river has a large number of fish considered as sacred by the local people. Thenmala Dam and Ecological Park which offers exciting opportunities for boating is 68 km east of Kollam.

Backwater Cruise

A full day boat journey through the backwaters provides a unique opportunity to experience the natural life of Keralites and the scenic beauty of God's Own Country. A large number of foreign tourists arrive at Kollam during the season from November to March for this eight hour long backwater cruise. Luxury boats of Government as well as private parties are operated from the main boat jetty during the season. Usually the trip starts at 10.30 am. and reaches Alleppy at 6.00 p.m.. A tourist information centre of District Tourism Promotion Council is functioning at the boat jetty area from 9 am. to 6 pm on all days except Sundays, to assist the tourists who arrive at the bus station and boat jetty area. Another Tourist Information Counter is also functioning at the Kollam Railway Station from 8.30 am to 5 pm on all days except Sundays.

Pathanamthitta : The Land of Pilgrimage

Engrossed in the hilly terrain of Kerala, Pathanamthitta can rightly be called the head quarters of Pilgrimage tourism in the State. With more than fifty per cent of the land area covered with thick forests the district has a prominent place in the supply of hill produces in the State.

Sabarimala Temple

The Sastha temple at Sabarimala, 80 kms. from the District Head quarters, is one of the major pilgrim centres in South India. Irrespective of religious beliefs, people from all over India and abroad throng to this famous shrine of Lord Ayyappa which is surrounded by hazardous hills like Karimala and Neelimala. The devotees known as Ayyappas negotiate the hills to reach the shrine after undergoing 41 days of 'Vrutha' i.e., self imposed devotional penance. The pilgrimage season, involving Mandala Pooja and Makaravilakku comes between the latter half of November and the former half of January every year. The bath in River Pamba is considered as holy 'Ganga Snanam'. The confluence of Hindu and Muslim deities in the form of Lord Ayyappa, his lieutenant Vavar makes this esteemed pilgrim centre a model for communal harmony.

Perumthenaruvi

The water falls in the Pamba river at Perumthenaruvi attract thousands of people from inside and outside the district. This is a beautiful natural waterfall and an ideal place of transit attraction. It is only 10 km. from Erumeli. This is a favourite picnic spot for both domestic and foreign tourists.

Maramon Convention

The River Pamba again plays host to a famous annual religious convention on its golden sands at Maramon. This mammoth religious convention of the Christians attend by people belonging to all communities is the largest of its kind in the world. It takes place in February every year and is addressed by speakers of international repute. The convention lasts for seven days.

Cherukolpuzha Convention

Ayiroor Cherukolpuzha religious convention is another important annual feature on the river bed of Pamba. This famous Hindu religious convention is attended by a large number of people and addressed by prominent religious scholars and cultural personalities.

Chandanakkudam Festival

Chandanakkudam Festival of the Jama - Al Mosque at Pathanamthitta also attracts thousands of devotees. It is held in February every year. The festivals at Kattur Mosque in Cherukos and Kalamala mosque near Adoor are also famous. The religious conventions and festivals in Pathanamthitta district are admirable examples of religious amity and communal harmony.

Uthrittathi Boat Race

The Uthrittathi Boat Race on the River Pamba near the Parta Sarathy Temple at Aranmula is annual cultural feat to the tourists and the people of Kerala. Uthrittathi which comes after every Thiruvonam in August - September is the day of this prominent cultural event. The boat race commemorates the crossing of River Pamba by the Lord Partha Sarathy. All the snake boats in Kerala participate in the colourful ritual which really is a treat to the eyes.

Aranmula and Aranmula Mirror

Aranmula in Pathanmthitta district is famous for Aranmula mirror. The famous metallic mirror of Aranmula is universally noted for its excellence in craft. Bell metal is tamed, tempered and polished to give a mirror like reflection. This noted handiwork stands out as a symbol of excellence in traditional metallic craft in Kerala.

Alappuzha : The Venice of the East:

Washed by the silvery waves of the Arabian Sea, Alappuzha occupies a significant place in the tourist map of Kerala. Interlocked by a large number of canals and bridges, Alappuzha has immense untapped potential for backwater tourism. It has several canals and lakes fit for boat cruise. Three prominent rivers in south Kerala viz. Achankovil, Pamba and Manimala empty into the lakes. A boat journey through the lakes will be a memorable experience. The watercourses are flanked by an unending row of coconut trees.

Water Carnival at Punnamada

Nehru Trophy Boat Race, the annual water carnival at Punnamada Lake, is considered the biggest snake boat race in the world. The colourful boat pageantry, which precedes the boat race is a treat to the eyes. Snake-boats with a length of 30 to 60 m and with 100 to 150 oarsmen take part in the race. The Nehru Trophy was instituted by the late Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru who was enthralled by the charm and gaiety of the water carnival. The boat race attracts a large number of tourists, domestic and foreign. In addition to this the boat races at Payippad, Thiruvanvandoor, Neerettupuram, Karuvatta and Thykkoottam are quite famous.

Fishing in Alappuzha

Alappuzha is a great centre for fisheries. Chakara a rare marine phenomenon in which a large number of fish throng together in the early days of May to August is a peculiarity of Purakkad, one of the main fishing centres on the coast of the Arabian Sea. This is in fact a fishermen's fiesta.

Coir production and exports in Alappuzha

The district of Alappuzha is a major centre of coir and allied products. There are about 4000 production units including a few big factories with mechanized looms. Alappuzha retains monopoly in coir production and exports.

Ambalappuzha Sreekrishna Temple

Ambalappuzha Sreekrishna Temple on the Kollam-Alappuzha highway is called the Dwaraka of the South. It is frequented by thousands of devotees especially during the annual festival, which falls in April every year. 'Ambalappuzha palpayasam' the devotional delicacy of the temple is renowned for its unique taste. Ambalappuzha is also famous for the traditional visual martial art of Kerala - the Velakali.

Karumadi

Karumadi, three kilometers east of Ambalappuzha, has a statue of Buddha called karumadikuttan, a perennial source of interest for the tourists.

Arthungal Church

Arthungal is famous for the St. Sebastian's church, which is situated southwest of Cherthala town 22 km north of Alappuzha. The famous Arthungal Perunal is held in January every year. Catholics from all parts of the State participate in the feast of St. Sebastian.

Mannarassala

Mannarassala near Harippad, about 32 km south of Alappuzha is an important centre of pilgrimage in the district. The famous Mannarassala temple devoted to the serpent deity is a rare phenomenon of worship. The Ayilyam festival held here in November every year is very famous.

Kottayam : Beyond Letters and Latex:

Situated 76 km from Kochi, Kottayam is a place strangely ancient in spirit but fairly modern in atmosphere. This land, located in the erstwhile central Travancore is remarkably fertile and brilliantly green. A true topical diversity marked by backwaters, green paddy fields, rubber plantations and palm groves as far as the eye could see. The land is also rich in varieties of vegetables spices like cardamom, pepper, plantation crops like rubber and tea. The people are healthy, hard working and educated. This is Kottayam, the Land of Letters, Latex and Lakes.

The district of Kottayam has the highest literacy in India, hence the sobriquet 'Land of Letters'. The town of Kottayam is also the birth place of the publishing industry and the home of the Fourth Estate in Kerala. It is also the 'Land of Latex' because of its extensive rubber plantations. Kottayam is also called the 'Land of Lakes' because of the many lakes forming part of the great water expanse - the Vembanad. River like Manimala, Pamba and Achankovil empty into this lake. These and various canals provide for boating, canoeing, fishing and sightseeing, experiences that are unforgettable.

Kumarakom

A short ride of 10 km to the west of Kottayam brings you to Kumarakom, on the vast Vembanad Lake, a well-known bird sanctuary, where one can sight parrots, egrets, herons, teal, larks, fly catchers and other birds during their respective migratory seasons. Earlier, hundreds of Siberian cranes used to visit Kumarakom during winter. A cruise on the Vembanad Lake is quite exhilarating. Preserving the old style, the beautiful bungalow of Albert George Baker at Kumarakom has now been modified into 'Taj Garden Retreat', a hotel of Taj group.

Pathiramanal

A unique backwater island, Pathiramanal (midnight sand) is an uninhabited island in the Vembanad lake. Visitors to this island savour the rich verdant surroundings and the serene ambience.

Boat Races in Kottayam

Every year, during Onam season, Kavanattinkara and Kumarakom boat races are conducted at the Kavanar and Kottathodu rivers respectively. About 50 boats, including snake boats participate in these races. Visitors from near and far and tourists flock to watch and be part of the fun and frolic of these boat races.

Ilaveezhapooncira

Tucked away in the folds of lovely mountains, Ilaveezhapooncira, on the border of Kottayam-Idukki districts, is a picturesque stretch of land, situated 3000 ft above sea-level. During the monsoon season, the water that gets accumulated over a wide area would look like a placid lake, reflecting the rain clouds and the majestic mountains. The pristine beauty of nature is preserved almost intact in this small region.

Kannadippara

'Kannadippara' is the highest mountain peak in Ilaveezhapoonchira. From Kannadippara, one can enjoy both sunrise and sunset. The 80 ft high waterfall at 'Kazhukankulimali' is an added attraction here.

Wagamon

Wagamon, another tourist centre is about 60 km from Kottayam, situated at an elevation of 1100 m above sea-level. It is a trekker's paradise.

Places of Worship in Kottayam

Kottayam town is the gateway to pilgrim centres of Sabarimala, Mannanam, Kuruvilangad, Vaikom, Ettumanoor, Bharananganam, Erumeli, Manarcad, Aruvithura and Athirampuzha. The famous Vaikom Siva temple, associated with the legendary sage Parasurama, is just 40 km. north of Kottayam town and is a typical example of Kerala temple architecture. So also are the temples of Perunna, Vazhappally and Thrikkodithanam near Changanassery. There is a school imparting training in temple art forms like panchavadyam, (orchestra of five musical instruments) sopana sangeetham, naga swaram etc. at Vaikom, associated with the Siva temple. The temple at Ettumanoor about 12 km. north of Kottayam is famous for the exquisite ancient murals and 'Ezharaponnana' or the 7½ elephants finished in gold.

At the St. Mary's church at Kuravilangad built in 355 AD, there is an old bell, which bears a hitherto undeciphered inscription. The mortal remains of the Blessed Sister Alphonsa and Blessed Father Kuriakose Elias Chavara are entombed at the St. Mary's church at Bharananganam and the St.Joseph's Monastry church at Mannanam respectively.

The religious festivals in the district of Kottayam are also famous. Petta Thullal at Erumeli (January) Ashtami at Vaikom (November / December) Ezharaponnana at Ettumanoor (February / March). Blessed Alphonsa at Bharananganam (July) Ettunompu at Manarcad (September) Chandanakudam at Changanacherry (December) are prominent among them. One will find thousands of Hindus, Muslims and Christians taking part in these festive occasions in their quest for peace and salvation.

Mosque at Erumeli

The mosque at Erumeli about 60 km. northeast of Kottayam town is dedicated to Vavar, a contemporary and companion of Lord Ayyappa. Every year the unique sight of multitudes of Hindu pilgrims worshipping at this mosque before their trek to Sabarimala to worship Lord Ayyappa is truly soul stirring.

Valiapally

Valiapally (Metropolitan Church) Kavil Bhagavathi (Goddess) temple and Puthoorpalli Muslim Juma-ath stand shoulder-to-shoulder in Changanassery town. Annually (December 25) the 'Chandana Kudam' festival procession of Muslims, carrying sacred pots filled with sandal is given a grand reception by the Hindus in front of the Kavil Bhagavathi temple in Changanassery.

Idukki : The Upland of Sanctuaries and Spices:

Nestled up in the mountains, Idukki extends an invitation to identify oneself with Nature. Here, where the mist plays hide and seek with the green mountains, the melody is set to the whistle of the crickets and the chirp of wild birds. Dark and deep forests with springs trickling down rocky crevices, falling steep into unfathomed chasms and rivulets flowing past rare flora and fauna, is indeed an idyllic setting to set oneself free of all fetters, understand, feel and perhaps realise, the beauty, power and glory of life. Other than places like Valara, Thommankuthu, Palkulamedu and Munnar which are of indescribable natural beauty, there are five wild life sanctuaries in Idukki district which need special mention.

Chinnar Wild Life Sanctuary

Chinnar is a wild life sanctuary with an area of 90 sq.Km. The terrain here is undulating and rocky through out at an elevation ranging from 500 to 2400 metres above sea level. The thorny scrub jungle is the unique phenomenon of this sanctuary. The flora in this region consists of thorny scrub jungle, dry deciduous forests, sholas and grass lands.A wide range of wild life is inhabited in its sanctuary. Elephant, gaur, sambar, spotted deer, barking deer, lion tailed macaque, Nilgiri Tahr, tiger, panther, wild dog etc. inhabit in this sanctuary. The aviary includes jungle fowl, spotted dove, pea fowl, jungle crow, Kerala laughing thrush, red vented bulbul, Indian hornbill, small green bee eater, blue throated barbet and a host of other small birds. This sanctuary is situated on either side of the Marayoor - Udumalpet road and is hence accessible by road.

Eravikulam Wild Life Sanctuary

Eravikulam is another wild life sanctuary proclaimed as a National Park since it supports the largest population of Nilgiri Tahr existing in the world now. Anamudi peak (2695 Metres), the highest point south of the Himalayas falls in the southern part of this park. The park is 135 kilometres from Kochi and is accessible by road. Most of the park is either grassland or part of the shola ecosystem and the average altitude is 2000 metres above sea level. The temperature varies from (-)3 degrees Celsius in winter to 29 degrees Celsius in summer. Severe frost occurs between the months of December and January and the average rain fall is 4800 millimeter During the monsoon, lashing rains, high velocity winds and poor visibility makes the area practically inaccessible. A wide variety of plant life is present here. The famous Strobilanthus Kunthianus, popularly known as Neelakurinji is one of the rare and threatened species that grows here. The Nilgiri Tahr is seen in the highlands and rocky regions of this national park. Sambar, barking deer, gaur, giant Malabar squirrel, tiger, panther, wild dogs, civet cat, jungle cat, Nilgiri langur, giant squirrel, grass owl, black winged kite, wood pigeon, black bird, Eurasian kestrel, jungle crow etc. are seen here.

Thattekad Bird Sanctuary

Thattekkad bird sanctuary in Devikulam Taluk of Idukki lies on the northern bank of the Periyar river. The area of the sanctuary is 25 sq.Km. The presence of more than 200 varieties of birds in this area attracted the renowned ornithologist Dr. Salim Ali and his efforts are also behind the formation of this sanctuary. This sanctuary is 80 kms from Cochin and 60 to 450 metres above sea level. Important birds found here include large falcon, grey jungle fowl, white breasted water hen, hornbill, jungle bush-quail, etc. A study conducted by Bombay Natural History Society during 1985 identifies 253 species here. The vegetation in this area consists of tropical evergreen, semi evergreen, moist deciduous forests and plantations of teak, rosewood, mahogany etc. Further, more than 28 varieties of animals and nine varieties of reptiles have accepted this area as their natural habitat.

Thekkady

With its matchless scenic beauty and the facilities offered by the Periyar lake, Thekkady attracts a large number of tourists. The sanctuary spreads over an area of 673 sq.km and is situated at a height of 900 to 1800 metres above mean sea level. Facilities are available for cruising in this lake. Wild animals seen here include elephants, bisons, sambar, monkeys and wild bear. Fortunate visitors can have a glimpse of the tigers foraging in this area. However on sunny summer days one can see herds of wild elephants bathing in the lake. Bisons are a wary and hardy lot and usually never allow any intruder to approach them and the sound of the motor boats scare them away. But a keen animal lover can stay in one of the few observation towers for a couple of days and luck will surely come his way. Some of the famous tea gardens are located around this place. Further Peermede, 43 kilometres below Thekkady, has a golf course and offers excellent facilities for stay.

Idukki Wild Life Sanctuary

Idukki wild life sanctuary is quite near the District Head Quarters at Kuyilimala near Painavu. The great reservoir formed by the construction of the Idukki Arch Dam and dams at Cheruthoni and Kulamavu offers beautiful sight to the casual visitor. Further the pristine forests and green hills around the area provide ample scope for trekking. In windy and rainy days elephants can be seen even on the road from Thodupuzha to the District Head Quarters. Unless offended these pachyderms wait on the road for a few minutes and give way to the vehicles. The Arch dam at Idukki, the highest of its kind in Asia, attracts a lot of tourists. Further, the area is easily accessible by road, by being just about 100 kilometres From Ernakulam.

Thommankuthu

Thommankuthu is another centre of attraction in Idukki, and is just half an hour's drive from Thodupuzha, the nearest town where accommodation is available. Here the brook gushing out of a crevice in the rocky cliff gives the illusion to the visitor that it is not water but milk that is gushing out.

Kulamavu

Blessed with natural beauty and salubrious climate Kulamavu is a colony of the K.S.E.B employees. Kulamavu Dam is situated here.

Moolamattom

The underground powerhouse of the Idukki Hydroelectric Project is located here. It is at the foot of the Nadukani hills.

Munnar

Munnar was the summer resort of the British Government in the south. The town is situated on the confluence of three mountain streams, Muthirappuzha ( Kannimalayar), Nallathanni and Kundala. Munnar has some of the biggest tea plantations in the world. This hill station more than 5000 feet above sea level with its mist and flowers, has very good potential to be developed into a tourist spot.

Marayur

This remote village on the eastern slopes of the Western Ghats is in the outskirts of Munnar. The relics of new stone-age civilization has been unearthed here. The stone cabins, called 'Muniyaras', attract a lot of research scholars. It is the only place in Kerala having natural growth of sandal wood trees.

Peermade

Peermade, another centre of tourist attraction has a history of its own. The summer palace of the erstwhile Rajas of Travancore is an important monument here.

Ernakulam:

Ancient temples, churches, mosques, palaces and above all the birthplace of Sri Sankaracharya provided a great deal of interest to the archaeologists and historians in particular and the tourists in general. In the district of Ernakulam, the City of Kochi, known as the 'Queen of the Arabian Sea' has one of the finest natural harbours in the world. From time immemorial, Arabs, Chinese, Dutch, British and Portuguese sea forces followed the sea route to Kochi and left their indelible impressions on the town.

Dutch Palace

This palace in Mattancherry was built by the Portuguese and presented to the Raja of Cochin in 1555. Though built by the Portuguese, it is popularly known as the 'Dutch Palace', as the Dutch renovated it during their brief reign here. The palace is noted for its murals, which are in the best traditions of Hindu temple. In the central courtyard of the palace is the temple dedicated to Pazhayannur Bhagavathi. In the coronation hall, there is a display of dresses and palanquins used by the rulers of Cochin.

Jewish Synagogue

The synagogue was built in 1568 A.D. Scrolls of Old Testament and a number of copper plates inscribed in Hebrew script are preserved in this synagogue. The Jewish synagogue in Kochi stands out as a testament to the communal harmony in Kerala for centuries.

St. Francis Church

This church was built by the Portuguese in 1510 A.D. It is believed to be the oldest European church built in India. Vasco-da-Gama was buried here. Fourteen years later, his mortal remains were taken to Portugal.

Chinese Fishing Nets

Situated at the entrance to the Kochi harbour, these nets offer a fascinating sight. They can be seen all along the backwaters of Kerala. They were first bought to Kerala by the Chinese traders from Kubla Khan's court.

Willington Island

This is a man-made island created from the earth dredged, while deepening the Kochi port. Lord Bristow was the architect of this island. There are frequent ferry and bus services from Ernakulam. The harbour, naval airport and harbour railway terminus are in this island.

Bolgatty Palace

Bolgatty palace in Kochi, built on a narrow stretch of land by the Dutch in 1744 was once a governor's palace for the Dutch and later a home for British governors. Now it has been converted into a hotel by the K.T.D.C. The Bolgatty Palace Hotel has a commanding view of the backwaters.

Mangalavanam

This Mangalavanam is a small bird sanctuary, located in the heart of Kochi, behind the High Court of Kerala, and attracts a large number of tourists.

Parikshith Thampuran Museum

This is situated on the Durbar Hall Ground on DH Road, Ernakulam. Collection of 19th Century oil paintings, old coins, sculptures in stone and plaster of paris and copies of mural paintings are exhibited here.

Cheraman Juma Masjid

The first mosque in India is at Methala, 52 km from Kochi. It was built in 629 A.D. and resembles a Hindu temple in appearance. There are bus services from Ernakulam to Methala.

Museum of Kerala History

Eight kilometers from Ernakulam, this museum is a treasure house of important scenes of Kerala history from the Neolithic Age to the modern period, portrayed through life-size statues. Recorded commentary of each scene with sound and light shows is staged here.

Hill Palace Museum

This is situated 12 km from Ernakulam on the Ernakulam-Chottanikkara route. It is the largest archaeological museum of Kerala. Different types of sculptures, collection of rare coins, old weapons and collections from the Cochin royal family are exhibited here.

Pallippuram Fort

Pallipuram Fort was built by the Portuguese in 1503. It is one of the oldest existing European monuments in India. This Catholic church at Pallipuram is an important pilgrim centre.

Cherai Beach

The beach at Cherai on Vypeen island is 18 km from Vypeen. This is a beautiful and calm beach.

Kalady

Kalady is the birth place of Adi Sankara the great Indian philosopher who lived in the eighth century. It is situated on the banks of river Periyar and there are two shrines in memory of Sree Sankaracharya. One dedicated to him as Dakshinamoorthy and the other to the Goddess Sharada. Adi Sankara's shrines in Kalady are open to all pilgrims, irrespective of religion or caste.

Kallil Temple

This is a ninth century Jain temple, located 22 km from Kalady. This temple has been cut from a huge rock and a climb of 120 steps leads to the temple.

Malayattoor

On the slopes of the picturesque Western Ghats, 52 km from Kochi and 8 km from Kalady is the Malayattoor Church. This is a Christian pilgrim centre and is believed to have been blessed by the Apostle of Christ, St. Thomas and the Church atop the hill was established in A.D. 900. Malayattoor is accessible by road up to the foot hills of Kurishumudy. The church at the top of the hill, about 2 km can be reached only by foot. Situated beside the Periyar River and a small lake called Manappattuchira, Malayatoor is also a place of scenic beauty.

Kodanad

Kodanad lies on the southern bank of Periyar River amongst the scenic beauty of the high ranges. It is 45 km from the city of Kochi and 12 km to the east of Perumbavoor town. There is an elephant taming centre here and elephant rides are provided here. There is also a mini zoo at Kodanadu.

Bhoothathankettu

Situated 63 km from Kochi is the Boothathankettu dam and in the reservoir boating facilities are provided. The Forest department provides elephant rides through the forest to the old Bhoothathankettu.

Thrissur - the cultural capital of Kerala:

Thrissur an abbreviation of Thiru-Siva-Peruru has always been referred to as the cultural capital of Kerala. The central and the most important feature of Thrissur town is the Vadakkunnathan temple, where the reigning deity is Lord Siva. Centrally located in the State of Kerala this district has a rich history, culture and has archaeological significance. The annual festival of Thrissur Pooram involves two main temples viz. Thiruvambadi and Paramekkavu and a host of associated temples, the highlight of which is the kuda mattam ceremony on the final day. The festival is celebrated every year during April-May.

Vadakkunnathan Temple

This is not just another place for worship. It has been the repository of culture and heritage unparalleled in Kerala history. Vadakku in Malayalam means north, but in this case, it is the corrupted form of the word 'Edvam' or 'Sacred Bull'. 'Kunnu' is the Malayalam word for hill. Thus 'Edvakkunnathan' became 'Vadakkunnathan'. The deity is Lord Siva represented by 'Mahalingam' which now cannot be seen due to the mount formed by the traditional offerings or abhisheka with ghee. The exquisite murals in this shrine narrate the story of the epic Mahabharatha. The decorative wall paintings and carvings alone are worth seeing.On the left of the entrance one can see the famous koothambalam (traditional performace stage) a beautiful structure with an elegant sloping roof of metal plates. Ancient dramatic form of Chakkiar Koothu is staged here.

Archaeological Museum

This is situated beside the Town Hall Road. Several relics and heirlooms of archaeological importance are kept here.

Art Museum

The art museum is in a separate building in the Zoo compound. It is a treat for the connoisseur of art. Good collection of wood carvings, metal sculptures and ancient jewellery are preserved here.

Puthan Palli

This is one of the tallest churches in Asia and is known for its Gothic model of architecture.

Vilangankunnu

Eight kilometers from Thrissur, on the Kunnamkulam road leads to this picturesque hillock known for its scenic splendour overlooking the sprawling town and countryside.

Academies

Kerala Sahithya Akademy, Sangeetha Nataka Akademy and Kerala Lalithakala Academy are head quartered in Thrissur making the epithet 'cultural capital of Kerala' more meaningful.

Arattupuzha

Arattupuzha temple, situated 16 km from the town on the Thrissur-Kodungallor road, is known for its annual pooram festival held in April-May every year, which is one of the most colourful carnivals of Kerala.

Peechi Dam

This enchanting picnic spot situated 20 km east of Thrissur offers boating facilities in the reservoir. One can see tuskers on the bank of this reservoir.

Cheraman Juma Masjid

Kodungallur constructed in A.D. 629 is famous as the first mosque erected in India and also the first in India and second in the world where the Juma prayers were started. People from far and near irrespective of caste and creed visit this holy place and pay their homage. Idul Fitar (Ramsan) and Idul-Asha (Bakrid) are celebrated here on a grand scale.

Athirappally and Vazhachal Waterfalls

A shimmering expanse of tranquil beauty, this waterfall of 80 ft high is 30 km east of Chalakkudy. Athirappally attracts a large number of eco tourists. Vazhachal, another breathtaking waterfall is 5 km from Athirappally.

Guruvayoor Temple

Guruvayoor, one of the most sacred and important pilgrim centres of Kerala, is 29 km northwest of Thrissur. The main attraction is a temple dedicated to Lord Krishna popularly known as Guruvayoorappan. Year round, people throng here in large numbers for worship..

Kerala Kalamandalam

Kerala Kalamandalam at Cheruthuruthy was founded in 1930 by Mahakavi Vallathol. It's main objective is to revive, preserve and develop the ancient and traditional art form of Kerala; particularly Kathakali. Now the Kerala Kala Mandalam is functioning at Vallathol Nagar with its new building complex at Natyagraha. The old Kerala Kala Mandalam is still at Cheruthuruthy on the shore of Nila River (Bharathapuzha). The Samadhi (final resting place) of poet Vallathol, the founder of this famous institution, is in the premises of the old Kala Mandalam.

Palayur Church

The Catholic Syrian church of Palayur is one of the seven churches founded by St. Thomas. The feast falls on 15 July and many pilgrims from different parts of India visit the church.

Koodalmanickam Temple (Irinjalakuda)

The Koodalmanickam temple is an ancient and historic one situated in Manavalassery village about 10 km from Irinjalakuda railway station. Lord Bharatha is the deity of the temple. The festival is held annually for 11 days in the Malayalam month of medam (April-May).

Mar Thoma Pontifical Shrine Kodungallur (Azhikode)

Nineteen hundred years ago the first missionary of Christianity to India, St.Thomas, the Apostle set his foot at Kodungallur. The Mar Thoma Pontifical Shrine a monument to him is situated here. It is a historic pilgrim centre of Indian Christians. The main feast of the church is celebrated on 1 November every year.

Palakkad:

Palghat or 'Palakkad' is the land of palmyras and paddy fields. Along with Kuttanad in Alappuzha district, Palakkad is one of the chief granaries of Kerala. It is often called the 'Gateway of Kerala'. The Sahya Ranges bordering the region and the 20-mile gap in the Western Ghats mountains exert a dominant influence on the climate of the region. Many rivers that flow into the Bharathapuzha originate from these mountains. In the past, this land was known as Palakkattusseri. Etymologists trace the word Palakkadu from Paalainilam, meaning dry area. Palakkad has a long history dating back to the Paleolithic period. A large number of megalithic relics have been discovered from here.

Palakkad Fort

Palakkad Fort, situated in the very heart of the town, is the most beautiful and the best preserved fort of Kerala. The sober silence of the granite walls reminds us of old tales of valour and courage. It was constructed in 1766 by Hyder Ali of Mysore. In 1790 the fort was taken over and re-modified by the British. At present, the fort is protected by the Archaeological Survey of India.

Parambikulam

The Parambikulam Wildlife Sanctuary, which is 130 km away from Palakkad, extends over an area of 285 sq. km. It offers a scintillating sight of wild animals. There are quite a few hill tribes here like Malayars, Kadas and Muthuvaans. Boat cruises can be arranged in the Parambikulam reservoir. The rest house of State Forest Department at Thoonakadavu, Thellikkal and Elathode offer comfortable lodging facilities. Tree house in the Reserve forest area in Thoonakkadavu has to be booked in advance.

Thrithala

A temple of Siva and the ruins of a mud fort near Thrithala-Chalissery Road are notable cultural monuments. The Kattilmadam temple on the Pattambi-Guruvayoor road has archaeological significance. The small granite structure is a testament of Buddhist importance, built probably during the 9th or 10th century A.D. A memorial for Pakkanar the pariah saint, stands near the Thrithala-Kootanad road. Renowned writer and social worker V.T.Bhatathiripad was born here.

Lakkidi

Killikurissimangalam of Lakkidi near Ottapalam is renowned as the birthplace of Kunchan Nambiar, the 18th century satirist and trendsetter in Tullal and its poetry. Nambiar's house is a protected monument of the State Government. The Sri Rama Temple at Thiruvilwamala, though located in the neighbouring district, is just on the other side of the river.

Kottayi

Kottayi is about 15 km via Putur from Palakkad. The tiny village had become famous as the native place of the late Chembai Vaidyanatha Bhagavathar, the doyen of Karnatic music.

Nelliyampathy

The Nelliyampathy hills are extremely fascinating and offer an easy escape from the scorching summer of Palakkad. About 52 km south of Nenmara is this cool hill resort. The height of the hills range from 467 m to 1572 m. We have to negotiate at least 10 hairpin curves on the Ghat road passing though breathtaking evergreen forests of the Sahya Ranges. Pothundi Reservoir glints in the distance as a sapphire set amidst the green of the forests. Nelliyampathy has immense trekking potential. At Kaikatty, there is a community hall which could be used as a camping place for trekkers. Seethakundu at Nelliyampathy offers a fantastic view of the valley below - a wide angled panoramic picture of about one third of Palakkad.

Malampuzha

Malampuzha exudes the charm of harmony in nature, a perfect synchronization of the grandeur of the mountains blending with the music of the rivers. It is 10 km from Palakkad. The garden complex at Malampuzha draws the largest holiday and weekend crowds to Palakkad. The children's park with a toy train, a miniature zoo and an aquarium housed inside a fish shaped building, await the pleasure and delight of children. There is a swimming pool and facilities for boating in the canal and in the reservoir. A small garden in Japanese style, gives a touch of exotic charm to the landscape. So too does the hanging bridge across the canal. The only ropeway in south India is another attraction of Malampuzha garden. The ropeway is equipped with 64 chairs each with the capacity of two persons. Other items of interest in the park are the imposing concrete sculpture of Yakshi, the divine enchantress, by the renowned sculptor, Kanai Kunhiraman.

Jain Temple of Jainimedu

Situated on the western border of Palakkad town and not far from the railway station, is a historic Jain Temple. The place around the temple is known as Jainimedu. This is one of the few places in Kerala where the vestiges of Jainism have survived without substantial damages. The granite walls are devoid of decoration. The 32 feet long 20 feet broad temple consists of four divisions with images of Jain Thirthankaras and Yakshinis in three of them. Kumaran Asan wrote his monumental poem 'Veena Poovu' (the fallen flower) at a Jain house here during his brief stay with his master Sree Narayana Guru.

Attappady

Attappady is about 38 km northeast of Mannarkkad. Above everything else, one will be awestruck by the captivating forests, rivers and mountains. It is also a place of great interest to anthropologists as tribal communities like the Irulas and Mudugas inhabit here. These adivasis worship the mountain peak 'Malleswaran' as a gigantic Siv-Ling. This peak and the River Bhavani exert tremendous influence on the lives of the tribal. There is a P.W.D. rest house and a VIP guest house at Agali. Besides these government houses, there are also a few private hotels. 'Sivarathri' is celebrated at the Malleswaran temple by the tribal.

Silent Valley National Park

Silent Valley is about 50 km northwest of Mannarkkad. Ecologists describes this area as the sole surviving bit of evergreen forest in the Sahya Ranges. This national park covering about nine thousand hectares has been named Silent Valley because it is devoid of the chirping of cicadas. Vehicular transport is usually allowed only upto Mukkali. From Mukkali you have to cover at least 24 km on foot to reach the source of Kunthipuzha, which flows through the valley before merging into the Bharathapuzha or the 'Nila'.

Chittur Carumadam

Thunchath Ezhuthachan, the author of Adhyatma Ramayana and the father figure of Malayalam poetry, spent his last days here. Situated in Tekkegrama near Anikkode on the Palakkad-Chittur Road is his memorial. A srichakra and few idols worshipped by him, the stylus, the wooden slippers and few old manuscripts are exhibited here.The village is located on the banks of the River Sokanasini the destroyer of sorrows.

Thenari

A natural spring in front of the old Sree Rama Temple has made Thenari famous. The name itself is derived from the spring. Several legends are woven around this spring. It is believed that the water is as sacred as Ganga.

Myladumpara

Well known as a grove abounding in peacocks, the name is perfectly justified. Myladumpara is 7 km from Kottayi. Its other but less popular name in Choolanoor.

Dhoni

Dhoni a reserve forest area, about 15 km from Palakkad. This forest has among other captivating sights a small but splendid waterfall. The site can be reached after a fairly long climb of three hours from the base of the Dhoni hills.

Malappuram:

With the rain forests of Nedumkayam, migrating birds in Purathur, the vast belt of Bharathapuzha and the perennial river - Challiyar, the festive moods, literary personalities, Malappuram district offers a wide range of attractions to make it one of the focal points of tourism. The rustic and rugged beauty with hills, valleys, ravines and thick green vegetation Malappuram provides a sumptuous treat to the eyes of the tourist. The peace loving people of this area with their warm hospitality, make the tourists feel at home. To begin from the eastern side, there is the world's oldest Teak plantation at Nilambur. It is named as 'Conolley's plot' in memory of the collector of erstwhile Malabar District. Conolley's plot, beyond Chaliyar at Nilambur is also the memorium for Chathu Nair, under whose efforts the first man-made teak plantation had become a reality. The plot and the Kannimari Teak, the oldest one, attract hundreds of people.

Nedumkayam

20 kilometer away from Conolley's plot, is famous for thick forest. From the wooden rest house built during the British period, one can watch elephants and herds of deer moving around on the other side of the river. The elephant training centre also attracts travellers. Half an hour jeep journey from Nedumkayam through the thick forests lead one to Macheeri, the settlement of Chola Naikans the primitive tribes.

Valamthode

The beautiful place with natural waterfalls and blue mountain top is also a tribal area.

Kottakkal

Kottakkal is renowned Centre for Ayurvedic treatment. Kottakkal Arya Vaidya Sala attracts even foreigners with the style of treatment they follow. Kathakali, the unique art form of Kerala also flourishes under the auspices of Arya Vaidya Sala. Venkittadeva temple in Kottakkal is famous for the enchanting mural paintings. The cultural mela organised in connection with the Pooram festival of this temple, celebrated in March in which connoisseurs of music, art and literature proudly participate. The medicinal herb garden nurtured by the Arya Vaidya Sala forms the focus of attraction of hundreds of people.

Ponnani

Ponnani, the coastal town is famous for trade from ancient times. Now it gains importance as a prominent fishing centre Ponnani is also famous for the ancient Muslim mosque. Near Ponnani is Biyyam Kayal, the extensive stretch of water where boat race is held during Onam. Women rowers in small boats will also participate in the race. The rest house on the bank of the lake, with its amenities, welcomes the tourists for a comfortable and cosy stay. Ponnani-Purathur belt, where the river 'Bharathapuzha' and the river 'Tirur-Ponnai Puzha' join together to traverse into the Arabian Sea, becomes fascinating with wide range of migrating birds. If one crosses the ferry of Chamravattom in March-April-May period one cannot miss the lovely chain of birds. Nearly 25 varieties of birds have been identified in this area. People have awareness in protecting these beautiful gift of nature.

Thirunnavaya

Thirunnavaya, the land of ancient Mamankam is on the banks of Bharathapuzha in Tirur. Mamankam was a great trade fair from the Sangham period where traders from Kerala and Tamil Nadu came through Ponnani port by ships and barges. Later the right to conduct the Mamankam became a dispute between Zamorin and the Raja of Valluvanad. Valluvanad used to sent Chavers, warriors who fought until death to defeat Zamorin who would sit on a stand known as Nilapadu Thara surrounded by a big contingent of soldiers in every 12th year. The Nilapadu Thara at Kodakkal near Thirunnavaya is protected as a historical monument. Efforts are being made to construct a Mamankam Museum at Tirunnavaya. Now in the summer season a martial art festival with Kalaripayattu competition is conducted. Sarvodya Mela conducted over the sands of Thirunnavaya is famous.

Trikkandiyur

The birth place of Thunjath Ramanujan Ezhuthachan the father of Modern Malayalam literature is at Trikkandiyur, three kilometers away from Tirur railway station. There is a beautiful memorium for the great poet there with a meeting hall and library. People in thousands come with their kids to commence their education in Thunjan Maddom on Vijayadasami day in October. The kids are made to write in the sands of Thunjan parambu with their fingers. The Thunjan Utsava conducted during the last week of December is a great literary event. Young poets come there to offer their first poem to Thunjan on the occasion. Five kilometers away from Thirunnavaya, there is Chandanakkavu where a memorium for the great Sanskrit poet Melpathur Bhattathiripad can be seen. Bhakthakavi Poonthanam Namboodiri of the 16th century A.D. hailed from Keezhattur near Perinthalmanna. The government has a proposal to take over the house of the great poet and to protect it as a monument. Kondotty 26 km from Malappuram is the birthplace of the great Mappila poet Moyinkutty Vadiyar.

Pilgrimage Tourism

Pilgrimage Tourism has great scope in Malappuram district. Kondotty Nercha is a seven-day festival during March. Nercha is conducted in Pazhayangadi Mosque of Kondotty constructed in 16th century A.D. The tomb of Mohamed Shah the Sufi exponent is close to the mosque. It was constructed in Mughal style. Thousands gather in a secular way to participate in the festival which assumes the form of a carnival.There is Perumpadappu Puthan Palli near Ponnani where the annual Nercha attracts thousands. The Nercha culminates in food distribution to the poor. Mampuram mosque near Thirurangadi attracts thousands of devotees irrespective of religion for offerings at the 'Jaram' there. The mosque is 7 km from Parappanangadi railway station. This mosque played an important role in the peasant outrage of 1921 and the National Movement. This was the headquarters of Ali Musliyar, one of the leaders of the movement.

Thirumandhamkunnu

Thirumandhamkunnu Pooram offers enormous festivity days in March-April. The ancient temple is historically important. A cultural feast for seven days is an important part of the festival. Thirumandhamkunnu is 16 km east of Malappuram in Kozhikode-Palakkad road.

Chamravattom

Chamravattom Sastha temple is not only a place of worship, it attracts travellers also. The temple is built in the river with a beautiful background. People from Ponnani side can use Chamravattom ferry to reach the temple.

Kaadaampuzha Bhagavathy temple

Kaadaampuzha Bhagavathy temple 2 km from Vettichira in Kozhikode-Thrissur highway attracts hundreds of devotees from far and near. Dry coconut is the main offering before the deity. Malaparamba Palli Perunnal in the Christian church near Angadipuram is also an important festival. There are big and small Mosque-Temple-Church festivals in the district in summer. Nilambur Pattu Utsava is unique among them. It is conducted by Nilambur Kovilakam.

Oppanappattu in Malappuram

The atmosphere of the entire Malappuram district has the fragrance of Oppanappattu, the art form of Muslim ladies. Mappila arts like Kolkali, Duff Muttu, Aravana Muttu are also popular. The other religious arts like Thira, Bhoothamkettu, Thiruvathirakali, Margom Kali are also performed during festive public gatherings. Kalarippayattu has got deep roots in the district. Changampully is a famous Kalari. Kalaripayattu competitions are organized on State level during the summer season.

Kozhikode : Gateway to the Western World:

Opening up the gateway of India to Vasco da Gama the adventurous Portuguese navigator in 1498, Kozhikode has carved for itself a landmark in the history of India. The land of the ancient Zamorins had many more things to offer to the Western world other than the savoury spices for which they even ventured to discover a sea route. Occupying a prominent place in the international trade map of the country right from the 13th century, Kozhikode paved the way for trade tourism in India. Currently Kozhikode is well connected by air to countries in the Gulf and other regions.

Kappad

Vasco da Gama landed on this beach on 27 May 1498 with three vessels and 170 men. 16 km from Kozhikode town, this extensive beach of historical importance is one of the major beaches being developed in Kerala with a view to tourism promotion.

Kallai

Kallai on the bank of river Kallai has the pride of being the major timber trading centre in Kerala. It still remains a potential trade centre for timber.

Vadakara

Vadakara has a prominent place in the folklore of Kerala. Lokanarkavu, the famous temple of Thacholi Othenan the hero of the Vadakkanpattu(northern ballads) is only five kilometers from here. Vadakara reverberates with stories of the heroic exploits of Othenan. Following the footsteps of the martial hero Othenan, the famous martial art form of Kerala - Kalarippayattu - has several arenas in Vadakara.

Wayanad : Centre for Eco-Tourism:

Bedecked among the high ranges of the Western Ghats, the district of Wayanad lies between 700 to 2100 m above mean sea level. It has a predominant place in the tourist map of Kerala. A major centre of hill products the district is a noted contributor of foreign exchange to the State. Apart from archaeological and anthropological uniqueness, Wayanand has genuine claims for an enviable position in tourism promotion. The district has the highest concentration of tribals in Kerala. They form 1/5 of the total population of the district. It is the seat of Kurichiyas the valiant warriors of late King Veera Kerala Varma Pazhassi Raja who engaged the mighty British army in several battles. Their descendants are still expert archers. Tribals can be seen in their natural habitat in Wayanad. Reaping the benefits of modern education and social welfare schemes many of them have developed and became part of the main stream. Enjoying a climate similar to Udhagamandalam alias Ooty Wayanad has prospects of developing several major hill stations in the district.

Lakkidi

Nestled among the hills, Lakkidi, which is the gateway to Wayanad has the highest annual rain fall in Kerala. With mist formation in the atmosphere almost throughout the year the place has further scope for developing into a tourist centre.

Edakkal Caves

These are two caves in the Ambukuthy mountain. The caves contain several paintings and pictorial writings of the New Stone Age Civilization. The location is three kilometers from Ambalavayal and 25 km from the district Headquarters, Kalpetta.

Muthanga Wildlife Sanctuary

The wildlife sanctuary at Muthanga, 20 km from Sulthan Bathery is developing into a major tourist centre. Herds of elephants, bear, deer, wild pig etc. can be spotted here. It is near the Begur wildlife sanctuary in the nearby State of Karnataka.

Thirunelli Temple

Located in the valley close to the Brahmagiri hill, 66 km from Kalpetta, Thirunelli is referred as 'Kasi of the south'. It is believed that Lord Brahma himself had installed the idol of Lord Vishnu the presiding deity of the temple. Situated among the reserve forests the location of the temple has an enchanting natural beauty. The adjoining mountain spring called 'papanasini' is a major centre of pilgrimage. 'Papanasini' means the destroyer of all sins.

Glass Temple

The Glass temple of Kottamunda, located 20 km from Kalpetta, on the slope of Vellarimala, is a famous Jain family temple in Wayanad. It is dedicated to Parshwanatha Swamy the third Thirthankara of the Jain faith. Icons of Parshwanatha Swamy and this temple have thousand reflections in beautiful patterns on the mirrors placed on the inner side of the temple walls.

Pookkode Lake

Situated between Lakkidi and Kalpetta, Pookkode is a very attractive freshwater lake, about 2000 m above mean sea-level. Contoured by lush green forests the lake has good prospects for boating facilities. It is one of the major centres of eco-tourism in Wayanad.

Kannur - The Land of Forts and Beaches:

In the north of Kerala, sandwiched by the Western Ghats and the Arabian Sea lies Kannur, anglicised as Cannanore. This stretch of land, steeped in history has been a melting pot of races, religions and cultures from time immemorial. Relics, right from the Neolothic age through the Aryan invasion, Cheran conquests, Arab and European inroads, stand testament to this. Apart from greenery and beaches, Kannur invites tourists to these historic monuments and to share the warmth and cordiality of its peaceful and soft spoken people.

St Angelo's Fort

This historical fort, built in 1505 CE by Francisco De Almeida, the first Portuguese Viceroy of India, is situated near the sea coast about two kilomteers from Kannur town. This fort has a legendary past. Having witnessed several wars for seizing the control of the fort, the British flag flew over it finally in 1790. Now this fort is under the control of the Archaeological department. It attracts a large number of tourists.

Mopila Bay

Situated near the St Angelo's Fort, the Mopila bay has a historical background. Centuries ago, it was the seat of Kolathiri kings. The Kadalayi Fort and Sree Krishna temple here were quite famous. The remnants of the fort and the temple are still seen in Mopila Bay. A fishing harbour, an Indo-Norwegian project is in this bay. Boating in the sea, if the weather permits is an unforgettable experience.

Ezhimala

A place of historical importance Ezhimala (Elimala) was the seat of Mooshika kings in the early periods. Ezhimala has found a place in the travelogues of Iban Bathutha and Marcopolo. Ezhimala is also considered to be a treasure chest of medicinal herbs and is at a height of 286 m above sea level. It is a landmark to mariners and is blessed with a long beautiful beach. Ezhimala is situated 45 km north of Kannur. A naval acadmey is also situated here.

Thalassery Fort

Thalassery Fort, 20 km away from Kannur was built on in 1708, on a small hill called Thiruvallappad Kunnu. This fort was a formidable stronghold in the past. There are several important tourist centres in Thalassery. The Church built beneath the walls of the fort with the mony left by the master attendant Mr. Edward Brennen and the large mosque known as Odathil Palli attracts several people. The Thiruvangad temple here, otherwise known as brass Pagode is dedicated to Sree Rama. The temple of Sree Jaganath is next in importance and is dedicated to Lord Siva, which was consecrated in 1908 CE by the great religious reformer Sree Narayana Guru.

Illikkunnu

Keralites cannot forget Herman Gundert and his contributions to the Malayalam language. A German by birth Gundert resided at Illikkunnu bungalow near Thalassery, which was his workshop for 20 years from 1939 for his research activities.

Snake Park

On the way to the Parassinikkadavu temple, 16 km from Kannur, is the Snake Park, the only one of its kind in Kerala. The Snake Park set up by the Visha Chikista Kendra at Pappinisseri has been a centre of attraction to both foreign and domestic tourists. This centre offers effective treatment for snake bites with almost hundred per cent cure. This is the only place, perhaps where Ayurveda and Allopathy are effectively combined for curing snake bites.

Valapattanam

Famous for timber trade, Valapattanam, situated about eight kilometers north of Kannur has a pride of place in the world map for its wood-based industries. Valapattanam was once considered third in the world for timber business. Having to depend only on imports of logs, the place today wear a deserted look with Western India Plywoods being the only exception. Azhikkal port, an all-weather medium port is situated very near to Valapattnam.

Muzhappilangad beach

Muzhappilangad beach is situated about five kilometres north of Thalassery and 15 km from Kannur. There is an unpaved road winding through coconut groves that leads to the beach. The beach is about five kilometres long and curves in a wide area providing a good view of Kannur beach on the north. To the south and about 200 m away from the beach is a beautiful island called the 'Green Island' which adds to the allure of the beach. Such a conjunction of beach and island is rare.

Anjarakandy

Anjarakandy 19 km southeast of Kannur, is famous for the Cinnamon estate located there and the oil being extracted from it. The place has historical importance too as Pazhassi Raja and the British Army fought for the estate in 1903.

Gymnastic Centre

Thalassery is famous for having given birth to many famous circus artists. True to this tradition the first circus training centre has now started functioning in Thalassery, known as the Gymnastic Centre, under the Sports Authority of India. Experts from India and abroad work in this centre.

Pythal Mala

Sixty-four km from Kannur and 44 km northeast of Taliparamba lies Pythal Mala the beautiful, calm hillock near the Kerala-Karnataka border. 4,500 ft above sea level, this hill has rich flora and fauna. Trekking six kilometers would take one to the top of the hill.

Theyyam in Kannur

Kannur is the centre of 'Theyyam' the famous temple ritual art form in northern Kerala. The word 'Theyyam' is a corrupt form of 'deivam' in Malayalam, which means God. Theyyam is generally performed in front of the village shrines. Performance of a particular deity according to its significance and hierarchy in the shrine continues for 12 to 24 hours with intervals. There are a large number of temples in Kannur where Theyyam is performed. Clad in, colourful traditional costumes, masks, face paintings, headgear, weapons and decorations of tender leaves of coconut, the performance of Theyyam is a rare combination of dance and music.It provides a rare cultural treat in the ritual tradition.

Kasaragod : The Land of Yakshagana:

The land of Yakshagana and Theyyam, Kasargod is acquiring prominence in the tourist map of India. This youngest district of Kerala has several features to offer to the enthusiastic backpackers and pilgrims. The enduring charm of its beach, the architectural marvel of the temples, mosques and churches and the unique and tell-tale folk art forms are genuine areas of attractions for the tourists.

Bekal

Bekal fort and the adjoining beach selected by the Central government to develop into a special tourism area is the best bid of Kasargod for the promotion of tourism. 26 km south of Kasaragod town this magnificent and robust fort, overlooking the calm seas and the 'snow-white beach' is a perennial source of tourist attraction. Built by the Ikkeri Naikkanas in the 17th century the fort has seen many a war and siege for dominance. This exhilarating artifice has stood the test of time and remains a marvel to the eyes. The broad and extensive beach with a backdrop of the fishing village has a scenic beauty and natural charm.

Ananthapura Lake Temple

Anathapura is the only lake temple in Kerala. Situated at Kumbala 12 km northeast of Kasaragod, it is considered the moolasthanam (original seat) of Anantha Padmanabha of Thiruvananthapuram. The annual festival at this temple is in the second fortnight of April.

Madhur Sidhi Vinayak Temple

Located eight kilometers northeast of Kasaragod is the famous Madhur Maha Ganapathi temple, which attracts thousands of pilgrims annually. This imposing three-tier architectural marvel is adorned with copper plate roofing and is set amid a beautiful landscape on the banks of river Madhuvahini. The unique architectural style of this temple is noted for its archaeological value.

Malik Dinar Mosque

The Malik Dinar Mosque at Thalankara is one of the first ten mosques built in India after the advent of Malik Mohammad Dinar to propagate Islam in India. The mortal remains of Malik Dinar is put to eternal rest near this mosque. Pilgrims in large numbers gather on the occasion of Uroose, the annual festival of this mosque.

Bela Church

The famous church at Bela 15 km north of Kasargod is a famous pilgrim centre in the district. It was constructed in 1890 and is the oldest church in this area.

Yakshagana

Yakshagana Bayalatta, the famous art form of the region is a colourful cultural treat. The father of Yakshagana Parthysubha belonged to Kumbala. This colourful dance drama is based on myths and legends.

Explore Specialities Ayurveda:

Ayurveda - harmony of body, mind and soul

Sprouted in the pristine land of India some 5000 years ago, Ayurveda, the science of life and longevity, is the oldest healthcare system in the world and it combines the profound thoughts of medicine and philosophy. Since ancient times Ayurveda has stood for the wholesome physical, mental and spiritual growth of humanity around the world. Today, it's a unique, indispensable branch of medicine, a complete naturalistic system that depends on the diagnosis of your body's humours - vata, pitta and kapha - to achieve the right balance.

Kerala, the Land of Ayurveda

Kerala possesses an unbroken tradition of Ayurveda that has surpassed many invasions and intrusions both foreign and native. For hundreds of years the Ayurveda Vaidyas (traditional practitioners of Ayurveda) were almost the only solution for people seeking healing from every kind of disease in Kerala. The legendary eight families of Vaidyas (Ashta vaidyas) and their successors treated the entire state for centuries. Unlike the other Indian states the status of Ayurveda in Kerala is not that an alternative but is main stream. In fact, today, Kerala is the only State in India which practices this system of medicine with absolute dedication.

Being the only resort of treatment for the people, the Vaidyars of Kerala were challenged to interpret the theories of Ayurveda and adapt them actively into effective healing systems in everyday life. Thus almost all the contemporary procedures and protocols of Ayurveda have evolved in and around Kerala.

The Boons of Nature

The equable climate, natural abundance of forests and the cool Monsoon season of Kerala are best suited for Ayurveda's curative and restorative packages. Kerala is perhaps one of the few places on Earth where a temperature of 24-28 degrees is maintained during a period of continuous rain. This prevalence of moisture in the air and on the surface of the skin makes it the ideal place for natural medicines to work at their highest levels of potency. The land is also blessed with innumerous medicinal plants and provides the continuity and consistency of Ayurveda medicines needed for effective treatment procedures. The same herbs with the same potency are available year after year across every season. The rich alkaloid content of the soil enhances the intensity and potency of many Ayurvedic medicines when compared to places with a different soil constitution.

The Advantages of Ayurveda in Kerala

Ashtangahridayam, the practical, user friendly interpretation of Ayurveda, compiled by the great Sage Vagbata is seldom used anywhere in the world as it is extensively done in Kerala. The Vaidyars of Kerala are proficient in this most contemporary treatise of Ayurveda which many scholars consider an advancement over the earlier samhitas of Charaka and Sushruta, the pioneers of Ayurveda. It is in Kerala that Kashaya Chikitsa (treatment with concoction) has become a standardised protocol involving hundreds of Kashayams that were scientifically classified and organised according to various treatment needs. Keralite Vaidyars were the first to focus on the anti oxidant properties of Abayangam leading to the profusion of kizhis. The largest number of Ayurveda colleges and the largest number of practitioners in comparison to any place in the world has led to a tradition of Ayurveda research in a scientific manner in Kerala.

Ayurveda as a lifestyle

In Kerala Ayurveda is not just a healthcare system but it is a part and parcel of every aspect of life, in Kerala. Miracles like paralysed people walking, incurable diseases cured etc. that happen even today inspire respect and awe for the vaidyars of Kerala.

Explore Destinations Waterfalls:

Kerala is popular for having numerous majestic waterfalls. These scintillating cascades are famous picnic spots and excursion destinations round the year. The luscious Kerala waterfalls are a sight your eyes will never tire of feasting upon.

Explore Specialities Village Life Experience:

Kerala, God's Own Country, is a symphony composed on the strings of beauty and a land endowed with a myriad of boons and bounties. The rural life in Kerala, untouched by the mighty hands of industrialization and much of the repulsive transformation of urban sophistication, offers a taste of paradise to travellers. The serene backwaters, swaying coconut farms, soothing paddy fields, everything makes the village life of Kerala a memorable experience. Far from the tumult and turmoil of the cities these villages usher us into a world where contentment and peace prevail.

Explore Specialities Kerala Food:

Spices have always played an integral part of Kerala's history. Our food is an example of the very same and we have offerings for people from all over the world. Be it famous international restaurant chains or local eateries, we have everything a foodie could ask for prepared with that special Kerala taste to it. The cuisine here caters to vegetarians and non-vegetarians alike. Let the flavours of our past and our future take you on a delightful journey.

Explore Destinations Wildlife:

There are a number of popular wildlife sanctuaries in Kerala housing exotic and rare species of flora and fauna. Nestled in the elaborate forest of the majestic Western Ghats or Sahyadri Ranges in Kerala are fourteen wildlife sanctuaries and two tiger reserves. Kerala also has six national parks containing protected and endangered species like the Indian Sloth-Bear, Lion-Tailed Macaque, Indian Bison, Bengal Tiger, Nilgiri Tahr etc.

Explore Destinations Hills:

Kerala brings to you a magical tryst with nature through its various hills and hill stations. A majority of these places in Kerala are situated on the windward side of the majestic Western Ghats. Enjoy the long chain of lush mist-clad hill stations of Kerala and explore the various plantations, wildlife, flora and fauna that comprise an integral part of this experience.

Explore Specialities Monsoon:

Kerala does not have incessant rains that stop all activity. It rains for a few hours with sunny interludes. Occasionally the rains might stretch on for a few days but sunshine is never far away. These golden interludes provide an equilibrium to life's natural flow

Kerala has mainly two rainy seasons. The Southwest Monsoon that arrives in the month of June is called Edavappathy, as it comes in the middle of the month of Edavam on the Malayalam Calendar.

Mid October witnesses the arrival of the Northeast Monsoon. In the Malayalam calendar this month is called Thulam and hence the name Thulavarsham meaning the 'The Rains in Thulam'. The rain clouds gather from the Bay of Bengal and hurry to Kerala through the Palakkad Gap in the Western Ghats. The swirling, jostling, billowing dark messenger of life sailing on the wings of northeast winds is a breathtaking sight to behold.

The art forms of Kerala demand the utmost dedication and training. These native art forms require complete control over every nerve of the body. As part of this training the artists undergo ayurvedic therapies. Special herbal oils and medications are applied on the body of the artist during the Monsoon time to ensure muscle flexibility and dexterity of movement

As nature recoups with the rains, it is rejuvenation time for humans too. According to Ayurveda, Monsoon is the best season for rejuvenation therapies. During the Monsoon season, the atmosphere remains dust-free and cool, opening the pores of the body to the maximum, making it most receptive to herbal oils and therapy.

Explore Destinations Beaches:

Kerala is home to a number of spectacular beaches that will take your breath away. As Kerala is a coastal state, some of the most popular tourist destinations in Kerala are beaches like Kovalam, Varkala, Chowara, Chavakkad, Nattika, Cherai, Kizhunna, Poovar and the list goes on and on. The Kerala coast is replete with exotic resorts and hotels where travellers can spend their time sunbathing, swimming or simply enjoying the stunning view.

Explore Destinations:

Kerala has an endless list of tourist destinations that will interest any traveller. Renowned for its scenic locations and natural beauty, Kerala is sure to enchant any nature lover with its hills, backwaters, beaches, waterfalls and wildlife. The state also has a rich heritage and thriving culture one can explore by visiting the various forts, palaces, museums, monuments and pilgrim centers. Both natural and manmade brilliance await you at every turn.

Explore Destinations Backwater:

The scenic backwaters of Kerala comprise serene stretches of lakes, canals and lagoons located parallel to the coast of the Arabian Sea. The backwater regions of Kerala are one of the most popular tourist destinations in the world. The tranquil backwater cruises are a once in a lifetime experience. Alappuzha, known as the 'Venice of the East', is especially popular for its houseboat cruises where you can soak in nature at its finest form.

Explore Destinations Forts & Palaces:

Kerala has had a long line of rulers and armies that have shaped the culture and architecture of the State over centuries. Many of the prominent forts and palaces still exist to this day as a reminder of a bygone era. Listed below are all the historical forts and palaces that warrant a visit.

Explore Destinations Monuments:

Our monuments are relics of a past that we are extremely proud of. These indicate some of the finest gifts left for us by our ancestors. They are storehouses of information and contain stories regarding the glorious history of our State. They stand as proud testaments of our architectural prowess. The monuments listed below are wonderful examples of Kerala's heritage, and the wisdom and technical knowledge that our forefathers possessed.

Explore Destinations Museums:

Museums are storehouses of not just our history but also a treasure trove of information regarding the various events and mechanisms that led us to this spot in time. They have with them teachings, information and even warnings at times which are of great significance to the future generations. They can learn and observe from those who carved out a place in history. The relics contained inside museums stand testament to the progress we have made over the ages and the direction we're heading in. Our museums have been well maintained and equipped with certified guides to ensure a seamless and scholarly experience at every single one of them. From heritage museums, to art museums to niche museums that catalog a specific topic, we have safeguarded these testimonials with the best possible efforts and resources. You will find linked the pages that provide information on some of the best museums open to the public in Kerala.

Explore Destinations Picnic Spots:

Picnic spots adorn the landscape of our great state. Travellers can find a temporary abode in many natural locations across the length and breadth of Kerala. Picnickers tend to have trouble picking a spot! From dams and waterfalls to forests and natural reserves, Kerala is filled with places awaiting you. Grab your lunch basket and let's be on our way!

Explore Destinations Places of Interest:

Our rich history is a source of pride for every Keralite. The cultural and artistic lessons that have been passed down are of utmost importance to us. It is our heritage and hence across the state we have centers built to honor and preserve these traditions. From the Stone Age carvings of Edakkal caves to Kalamandalam, a University for performing arts, the teachings of our elders still thrive in modern day Kerala. Their gifts to us shall never be forgotten and each new generation adds its own input to the same. Come visit these locations for an insight into the legacy of the state.

Explore Destinations Pilgrim Centres:

Kerala is known to be amongst the rare places where all major religions have coexisted peacefully for centuries. Each have left their own mark on the culture of the state. You can witness the same by visiting the various religious institutions spread across the state. From Hindu temples, churches and mosques to Jain temples, synagogues and Buddhist monasteries, there are various centers of pilgrimage for our visitors. Do try adding them to your itinerary because they are amongst the most spiritually calming places in the world.