Joints and Sockets

Joints and Sockets

Joints are were two solid objects meet and pivot around each other, there are many types of joints found in diffrent animals and humans. In this demonstration, you will see four types of joints in the human body.

These 4 types are: The Ball and Socket Joint, The Gliding Joint, The Hinge Joint, and The Pivot Joint

MATERIALS: 1 Ball Knob, 2 dowel rods(1/8 x 4), 3 dowel rods(5/16 x 3), 1 dowel rod(1 1/4 x 3), 1 dowel rod with hole(1 1/4 x 2),1 half napkin ring, 1 napkin ring, 2 wooden blocks(3 x 4), 1 half plastic sphere

PROCEDURE:

The Ball and Socket Joint is formed when one object has an indention in it where a "ball" from the other object sits. This ball rolls around the indention and allows the object to move. This can be found in the hip joint. Using the Knob ball and the Half Plastic Sphere and a controller dowel rod, you can see how the ball moves freely in the half sphere. The sphere represents the "ball" and the half sphere represents the socket.

The Gliding joint is where one or both objects rub or "glide" past each other. this can be found in the Foot Joints. Using 2 wooden blocks with holes in them and 2 controller dowel rods you can have the 2 wooden blocks "glide" pass each other. This is how the gliding joints works.

The Hinge Joint is formed when both objects have 2 structures that connect yet allow for 1 plane of movement. This type of joint can be found in the elbows. Using 1 half napkin, 1 dowel rod, and 2 controller dowel rods, you can have the normal dowel rod rotate inside the half napkins showing how the Hinge Joint works.

The Pivot joint is formed when 1 object wraps around the other objects point of contact and rotates around said object. This joint can be found in the neck in the spinal column. Using 1 dowel rod and the full napkin ring, you can place the dowell rod inside the napkin ring and rotate the napkin ring. This shows how the Pivot joint works.

SAFTEY HAZARDS: The only nessacery steps for saftey in this demo is making sure that you do not poke your self with a dowel rod in your eye, mouth, nose, etc. Reading the instructions is alson needed of course