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ECON135 -- Applied Statistics for Business
Supplementary Materials
(c) 2016 - 2020
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Purpose of the Class ---------------------
Purpose of the Class ---------------------
Applied Statistics for Business (ECON 135) helps students become more prepared for life after college. The class content has a foundational theme that comes from my years of experience in business, and government. People who are experts at statistics and other quantitative methods have a distinct career advantage over others, because they can apply the four functions of management (planning, organizing, leading, and controlling) in much more advanced ways than their less-quantitative co-workers.
The productive use of statistics, today, is built upon an understanding of the many statistical tools, in the context of today's advanced computer devices. The single most important computer program for business is Microsoft Excel. As far as I know, every organization uses Microsoft Excel to perform managerial analysis, accounting, market analysis, statistical reporting, planning, and many other routine business tasks. No other product compares to the quality, flexibility, and depth of performance offered by MS Excel and MS Access.
The documents provided in this guide will help you become an expert in Excel and statistics.
The documents were first created before I retired from teaching at Simpson College and are maintained, here, for the benefit of students and others. The links and files shown below are all drafts, and are subject to change.
Dr. Keith Greiner, BS, MBA, Ed.D.
Retired Lecturer
Department of Business Administration and Economics
Statistics Core Topics -----------------------
Statistics Core Topics -----------------------
1. Introduction
3. Data Types
4. Averages, Means, and Quartiles
4.1. More about Averages
5. Standard Deviations and Normal Distributions
The STDEV(...) Functions
The NORMDIST(...) Functions
5.1 More About Normal Distributions
5.2 Functions for Standard Deviation and Variance
5.3 An Application of Standard Deviations and =NORMDIST(...)
7.1 More About the Chi-Squared Distribution
7.2 Chi Squared VBA Calculations
9. Random Numbers and the Law of Large Numbers
9.1 Normally Distributed Random Numbers
11. Correlation and Regression including Multiple Regression
11.1 Multiple Regresstion using the =LINEST(...) Function
11.2 Logistic Regression
11.3 Correlation of Ranks
11.4 Verification of the Excel Correlation Calculation
11.5 Correlation Matrix and R Squared Matrix
11.6 Improvements to LINEST(...) the LINESTPLUS(...) Function
11.7 Using Scatter Graphs to Reveal Relationships and Causality
12. Cronbach's Alpha
16. Z-Test Functions
18. Hypergeometric Distribution
20. ANOVA
27. General Instructions for Array Formulas
28. Simulations
30. Solver
31. Cell Referencing Systems including Named Cells and Ranges
33. Using Microsoft Excel VBA and Google Scripts to Improve Statistical Decisions
33.1 How to See the File Extensions in Windows 8
33.2 How to Show the Developer Tab and Create a Simple Function
33.3 Instructions for VBA Assignment
36. Variations Due to Sampling
37. Transpose Functions
37.1 Transpose Plus
38. Pivot Tables
39. How to Show Spreadsheet Formulas and Calculations at the Same Time
40. Importance of VBA and Returning an Array from a VBA Function
41. Geographic Information Systems
43. Excel Worksheet and VBA MOD Functions
44. Excel VBA to Calculate a Julian Date
45. Data Rotation via Matrix Multiplication
46. Three Dimensional (3D) Rotation via Matrix Multiplication
47. How to Draw an Ellipse in Excel
48. How to Rotate an Ellipse Around the Left-Hand Focal Point in Excel
50. How to Draw a Vector Graph in Excel
51. How to Use the Filter Tool and the SUBTOTAL(...) Function
Statistics ---------------------------------------
Statistics ---------------------------------------
Statistics Makes Invisible Things, Clearly Visible...
The genius of Excel is that it makes statistical analysis available to massive numbers of people.
Thank you Bill Gates and Team.
The future challenge is to help people understand both Excel and statistics.
Together, the use of statistics, with the creative power of Microsoft Excel can lead to better understanding of the world around us, and better management of that world.
During any one academic semester there could be as many as two million students, worldwide, studying in required statistics classes. That is a lot of statistical learning taking place. Sadly, however, many students finish the class with only a memory of how frustrating they thought it was.
Statistics is really not that difficult: especially when it is learned and used with Microsoft Excel. The goal of each instructor and learner should be to more fully understand the wonderful, expanded, view of the world that each of us can have if we use the Excel statistics tools.
...And Helps People Explore Important Ideas
The use of Excel is certainly not limited to statistics and finance. It is a perfect platform to learn about other important ideas that affect humanity. Below is a chart of the Lorentz Factor, and the relationship between speed and length of a vehicle. As a vehicle speed approaches the speed of light, the factor increases (at an increasing rate) and the length of a vehicle decreases. This according to Einstein's Special Theory of Relativity.
Methodological Studies and Analyses ----
Methodological Studies and Analyses ----
Multiple Regression in C++ for Mac and Windows
Multiple Regression using Excel Spreadsheet Matrix Math Functions
Determinant and Inverse of a Matrix in C++ and VBA
Factor Analysis in R, with Comparisons to other Factor Analysis Programs
Factor Analysis and Factor Rotation Including C++ Code
On the Reliability of Factor Analysis Results
Calculate Capacitor Charge and Discharge in Excel
UCASE_and_LCASE_Functions for C++
The getline_plus(...) Function in C++
Six Basic Calculus Procedures for Differentiation
Introduction to Resampling with Programs in Excel VBA C++, and R
Links to information about Julian Simon and Resampling
The Standard Deviation of a Correlation Coefficient with C++ Code
A Simulation of R2 (Correlation Squared) Values from a Linear Regression
The Excel Toolpak Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) Tool
How to Create Normally Distributed Random Numbers
How to Create a Nightingale-Style Coxcomb Plot
How to Build a Magnetic Loop Antenna
Short Subjects --------------------------
Short Subjects --------------------------
Distribution of Glycohemoglobin
Distribution of Resting Heart Rate
Distributions of Blood Pressure and Cholesterol Values
Three File Download Speed Tests
A Review of Okun's Law: Does it Work, or Does it Not Work?
John Graunt's Table of Casualties
Population Distribution by Single Years of Age
Two-Thirds of Iowa Counties Lost Population in 100 Years
Historical Retail Sales per Business in Iowa
Distribution of Retail Sales per Iowa County
Historical Iowa Farms and Farm Sizes
One Hundred and Two Years of Farms in Iowa and US
U. S. Unemployment by State for March, 2017
U. S. Per Capita Income by State for 2016Q4
Historical Employment and Education of Women
Historical Percentage of Public and Not-for-Profit Enrollment
Endangered Manatees vs. Florida Watercraft `
Historical Increase in January Temperatures for U. S. States 1980 - 2017
Distribution of Income by Age and Sex -- American Community Survey 2011 - 2015
U. S. Digital AM and FM Radio Stations
On Leadership and Global Warming
Calculate Planetary Orbits in Excel
Educational Attainment for Iowa Census Tracts -- 2016
Educational Attainment for Pennsylvania Counties -- 2016
States Lack Commitment to National Incident Based Reporting System (NIBRS)
An Application of Constructivist Learning using Microsoft Excel: Velocity of Falling Objects
Display of Current System Time using HTML and Javascript
How to Receive WWVB Standard Time Signals with an Everset ES100 and an Arduino Due
Draw a Mandelbrot Image in Mac OS for Laptop or Desktop
AA Battery Lifetime in a Remote-Sensing Thermometer
How to Create a Nightingale Coxcomb Chart in Tableau Public and R
Finance Calculations in Excel --------------
Finance Calculations in Excel --------------
Following are essays about four essential financial calculations in Excel.
Students of management need to be familiar with these calculations ... in Excel.
2. Future Value
Other Reports and Essays ------------------
Other Reports and Essays ------------------
1. Return on the College Education Investment
This is a 2013 analysis of the return on the college and university investment, with instructions on how to calculate the ROI in Excel.
2. How Much Student Loan Debt is Too Much?
This peer-reviewed paper was published when I was Research Director for Iowa's higher education financial aid and data center agency. The concepts continue to be applicable to student loan debt.
3. Using Regression Analysis for Strategic Pricing Decisions
5. The Baby Boom Generation and How They Grew
This article was published in CHANCE:
A magazine of the American Statistical Association.
6. What College Students Need to Know about Student Loan Rates
This is an analysis of interest rates on student loans after enactment of the Bipartisan Student Loan Rate Certainty Act of 2013.
7. Benford's Law: What it is, and What it Means.
8. How Congress and the State Can Cut Student Debt
Op Ed. in the Des Moines Register, January 8, 2015.
9. Why it is Global Warming, not Just Climate Change
10. In Support of a Four-Year College/University Experience
11. On the Benefits of Higher Education
12. Survey of Management Concepts
Links --------------------------
Links --------------------------
Microsoft®, Access®, Excel®, and Windows® are either registered trademarks or trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or other countries. This is an independent publication and is not affiliated with, nor has it been authorized, sponsored, or otherwise approved by Microsoft Corporation." This document intends to follow the guidelines located at http://www.microsoft.com/enus/legal/intellectualproperty/Trademarks/Usage/General.aspx on December 11, 2013.
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