Citations
1. How does one write a bibliography
At the end of your essay, start a new page, title it (centered) Bibliography, then skip a line. Single space, but skip a line between entries. Don’t indent the first line, but indent (five spaces) lines after the first for each entry.
Which sources does one have to include?
Include all sources of information that you consulted, whether you quoted from them or not.
What information about sources do I need?
Include the following information:
1. The author (last name, first name, middle).
2. The title, which for a website is the title of the page that you looked at. Book titles should be underlined, article or website titles should be in quotation marks.
3. The source, i.e. the newspaper or magazine or organization that put up the website.
4. The date. For a book, just the year, for a magazine the season, month or date, for a website either the latest date updated or the date that you accessed it. Specify which it is by writing: "last updated 10/3/2018" or "accessed 3/4/2014."
Which entries go first?
Alphabetize by the first word, which is either the author's last name or the title, but in alphabetizing titles ignore “the” or “a/n”.
2. How to cite
What is a “style”? It is a way of formatting citations.
What styles are there and which should I use?
Common styles are MLA (Modern Languages Association), Chicago and Turabian. There is a website here which specifies which style is recommended in different academic disciplines.
When do I have to use a citation?
Use them at the end of a quotation, when paraphrasing someone or when referring to an idea, theory or (not commonly known) fact.
How to insert a footnote or endnote?
Go to the end of the quote or reference and get your word processor to insert a footnote, “like this.”[1] Unfortunately on this website, I can't format it right. It should be in superscript (raised up) and much smaller font. In Google Docs it is command option F. In MS Word it is in the insert menu, just below page break.
What to include in the footnote/endnote?
It depends whether you have a bibliography. If you do, cite just enough to identify which source you are quoting from or referring to and perhaps the page number of it. If you don’t have a bibliography, you need to provide all the information that would be in a bibliography entry.
There is more at these links:
Which Style to use in academic disciplines
How to do footnotes & bibliography in Chicago style with examples
Video explaining how to do endnotes Chicago/Turabian style
Video on basics of writing a bibliography
[1] This is what footnotes look like.