S

Saat Baara Utara / 7/12 Extract  ‘Saat-Baara-Utara’ is the regional term for 7/12 Extract document from the Maharashtra land records register. This extract issued by the Tehsildar (the concerned land authority) gives information of a specific plot and is maintained by the revenue department of the state for the purpose of tax collection. 

Screeding  Screeding consists of one part cement and three to five parts fine sand, to create a flat, smooth surface on which the floor finish is installed. Its thickness allows to even out minor fluctuations in level and flatness of the base. 

Scupper A device that is used to allow water to flow away and down from a flat roof. 

Shallow Foundation  This type of foundation is used for smaller, light structures and plinths. They have an approximate depth of 1.2 m and transfer load near the surface of the earth. 

Shear Wall  Shear wall is a structural member in a reinforced concrete framed structure to resist lateral forces such as wind forces. Shear walls are generally used in high-rise buildings subject to lateral wind and seismic forces. It stiffens the building or structure to withstand the applied force and transfer them to the foundation hence preventing the structure from collapsing. 

Shoring is the process of building a temporary framework to support unstable elements. Laterally, these support the walls for the excavation pit. Shoring can be utilizedA when a wall protrudes, when a wall cracks due to uneven foundation settling, when the excavation pit is dug and the side surfaces need to be held in place. 

Skirting is a board that forms the boundary between the inside wall and the floor. A skirting board's primary purpose is to safeguard walls from damage. Skirting boards prevent plaster from being damaged. 

Sliding folding doors also known as bi-fold doors have both a sliding and folding mechanism which allows for a transition from the indoors to outdoors. It is used for maximizing natural light and enhancing the sense of openness. They provide easy access and idea ideal for optimizing space. 

Soffit turn in a staircase refers to a design where the ceiling extends downwards to form a curve or angular transition along the stairwell. 



Specifications describe the nature and the class of the work, materials to be used in the work, workmanship etc. and are very important for the execution of the work. The cost of a work depends much on the specifications. 

Waist slab (18cm thick), Nosing, Thread (300), Riser (150)/ Newel Post / Balusters/ Handrail 

Staking Out involves utilizing equipment and established positions to accurately mark points on physical locations. This process involves aligning the main axis or outline points of a design draft to meet specified accuracy requirements. 

Stanchions are vertical steel columns that are used to support a structure. This suggests they are part of a bigger system and are not used in isolation. 

Starter bars are used to connect two parts in a structurally sound manner that preserves lateral strength where a concrete or masonry wall or slab needs to be linked to another element. Starter bars are single steel rebar struts that are extended from the footings, slabs, or walls to create an overlap in reinforcement while building a joining wall or slab. 

Stirrups In reinforced concrete columns, stirrups are used to resist torsion and shear stresses. They serve to secure the top and bottom reinforcement of beams. 

Stub It acts as a barrier and is elevated from the roof and makes space for layers of waterproofing . 

Sunk Slab It is a category of slab that is set at a depth below regular floor level. You can use this additional level to place pipelines and utility vents. 

Super built-up  The super built-up area is the total built-up area of the property, including the proportionate area devoted to the project's common amenities. These amenities could be the entrance hall, the elevator shaft, the stairs, the pool, the garden, the park, and the clubhouse, among others. 

A switchboard is a component of an electrical distribution system which divides an electrical power feed into branch circuits while providing a protective circuit breaker or fuse for each circuit in a common enclosure.

A Step-Down Transformer is an electrical device that reduces the voltage of an alternating current (AC) power supply and distributes it among the premises as required.  

Step-Up Transformer is a type of transformer that converts the low voltage (LV) and high current from the primary side of the transformer to the high voltage (HV) and low current value on the secondary side of the transformer.

T

Tender is an invitation from the owner to the contractor to execute some work at specified  cost in specified time. It is published in the form of tender notice in newspapers, notice boards, gussets, etc. according to the cost of works.

Terrace looping wires could mean arranging wires in loops typically around inner periphery  of the parapet wall. Plumbing or electric wires can  be looped based on the site conditions.




Terrace Upstand is a raised edge or barrier typically found at the perimeter of a terrace or elevated platform. It serves as a protective boundary to prevent people or objects from accidentally falling off the edge.

Tessellated lattice is a network of triangles and quadrilaterals meeting at vertices to form a non-planar roofing. This network connects the adjoining plates and acts as a skeletal frame for the roof. In tesselated frame structures of timber or structural steel the lattice framework made of the respective materials holds the roofing above. 

Tread is the horizontal surface of the stair and the part of the stair you step on

Tile Dado tiles, also known as backsplash tiles, are used to fill the space between cabinets and countertops, particularly behind the stove or behind the sink. Dado is commonly used in bathrooms to protect painted or plastered walls from splashes of water when washing and bathing. 

Transfer Of Development Rights / TDR is a method of land development that divides a specific parcel of land's development potential from it and permits its use elsewhere within the established zones of the city. It enables the owner to transfer the development rights from a specific piece of property to a third party.



Truss  is an assembly of members connected at nodes to form a rigid structure. It comprises a top chord, bottom chord and web members. This assembly is rested on the beam and columns at its two ends.

U

Universal Transverse Mercator / UTM is the acronym for Universal Transverse Mercator, a plane coordinate grid system named for the map projection on which it is based (Transverse Mercator). The UTM system consists of 60 zones, each 6-degrees of longitude in width.   

V

Vault is a roof in the form of an arch or a series of arches, typical of churches and other large, formal buildings





W

Waffle Slab is a structural component that is plain on its top and contains a grid-like system on its bottom surface. The top of the ribbed slab is normally thin, and the bottom grid lines are generally ribs laid perpendicular to each other with equal depth. The waffle slab has two directional reinforcements. All the ribs are directed from column heads or beams. The depth of ribs maintained is the same as the depth of the column head or beam. Because of the ribs and double reinforcement, it is more stable and recommended for larger span slabs or foundations.



Waist Slab refers to a stair slab slanting from the floor slab to the landing slab. 



Water Proofing is the process of making an object or a structure waterproof or water - resistant so that it remains relatively unaffected by water or resisting the ingress of water under specified conditions. 

Watta is a construction term used for rounding in plaster or waterproofing. 

Welding is a fabrication process whereby two or more parts are fused using heat, pressure or both forming a joint as the parts cool. Welding is usually used on metals and thermoplastics but can used on wood also. The completed welded joint may be referred to as a weldment.

Wacker refers to the equipment that is used to compact the soil under a pipe or foundation installation.




Image Source: https://cpnonline.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/Wacker-Neuson_AP1850e_AS60e.jpg

Window / Beading Patti is fixed to all sides of the door shutter. The beading patti protects the door shutter at the end & ensures a plain surface on all exposed edges. Beading patti is fixed to the door shutter with panel pins.



Window Sill is the horizontal surface at the bottom of a window. The level or the distance between the base portion of the window and the area of the floor above the ground level.

Working Drawings include dimensioned, annotated detailed drawings that contractors and suppliers can utilise to fabricate, assemble, or install building components