"Tibet: Introduction." Britannica School, Encyclopedia Britannica, 9 Mar. 2020. school.eb.com/levels/middle/article/Tibet/277351#. Accessed 14 Mar. 2020. excerpts used
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Long known as the Roof of the World, Tibet was isolated for most of its more than 1,000-year history. It is composed of high plateaus and some of the tallest mountains in the world. Tibet is an autonomous region of China that is located along China’s southwestern frontier with India, Nepal, Bhutan, and Myanmar (Burma). Its area is 471,700 square miles (1,221,600 square kilometers). The capital is Lhasa.
The Tibetans follow a distinctive form of Buddhism, and before the 1950s the cultural and political life of Tibet largely centered on that faith. The Dalai Lama, the religious leader of Tibet, was also the supreme political leader.
The incorporation of Tibet into China in the 1950s has remained a highly contentious issue, within the region as well as worldwide. Chinese troops moved into Tibet in 1950–51. In 1959 a Tibetan revolt broke out against the Chinese authorities, the 14th Dalai Lama fled to India, and China suppressed the revolt. China then began governing Tibet directly. The Chinese believe that Tibet had been a rightful part of China for centuries and that they liberated Tibet from a repressive regime in which most of the people were serfs. In the view of many Tibetans (especially those outside China), Tibet was a sovereign country that China invaded and occupied.