Founded in 2003, NTHS, as the only comprehensive high school in Kaohsiung nowadays, has been one of the most unique high schools. Since its foundation, the educational goals of NTHS have been to promote the well-rounded education and to develop the different talents of students. It offers a variety of choices, as well as equal opportunity, to students with different gifts on a student-centered basis.

NTHS specializes in five programs: Social Science and Science program—as in general high schools—as well as Information Application, Applied English, and Hospitality and Tourism program, as in vocational high schools. During the first year, students are not divided into groups of general or vocational education; rather, they take general courses and at the same time explore various fields and careers. At the end of the first year, students choose one from the five programs, which meets their interests and may fulfill their potential. After two years, seniors of NTHS can choose to enter universities or universities of science and technology.