Watch this film! It was the first comedy film ever made.
Question: When do you think this was made?
How is it different from modern films?”
This film was made in 1895.
Back then, they didn't have any idea about 'film grammar' or editing, so most films were just single wide shots. Films were silent, so there were no sound effects or music to help create atmosphere... also, there was no colour - which can also affect mood.
In comedies, every scene is written with purpose and everything happens for a reason. This is called "the goods" of the scene and suggests finding out (or thinking about) why the writer wrote the scene, what the point of it is, and then decide where you would need to place the camera if you had to tell the entire scene in one shot, from one angle.
Placing a camera here will allow you to get closer to being able to tell that intended story even if all else fails. Of course, you'll most likely have other cameras, angles, and cuts but if you approach the scene this way, you'll set yourself up to have a reliable fall-back option that is also very effective at helping you tell the story. It gives you a great master shot around which you can add the rest of the shots you'd like to have.
Using a wide angle lens close to the subject works well was because we seem to perceive the world as a much larger, more dramatic place as children, and so the exaggeration of relative distance using a wide angle lens close to the subject proved a great way to mimic that feeling.
Comedy lives in setting up a joke and the payoff.
As your story unfolds be sure to capture the reactions of those involved. Reactions add emotion to the delivery of a joke (let's face it - the way it is filmed, the hose joke isn't that funny!) It is their personalities that sell the comedic story.
The reactions of those involved is a part of the payoff for the viewer.
One of the more traditional camera techniques used for funny videos is known as the quick zoom. It is a dramatic pull in whenever someone delivers a joke. The best way to describe the shot is to think of the villain of a story. After they deliver their evil plan, the camera can zoom in close to their face for a funny, dramatic effect.
Understand how the scenes and shots follow each other. Using techniques like color-coding interior vs. exterior shots and making notations as to where you think the camera ought to move from one shot to the next, you will be able to set up shots with the editing mind.
By doing this you will easily see if there are too many consecutive scenes (static scenes, indoor scenes, close-ups, etc), or if there was a need to move the film along in some other way. Label "moments" (or pivotal scenes) so you can pay very close attention to how those scenes ought to be shot. The best way to do this is to storyboard.
If you consider music while you're filming, the product of your camera work will be completely different than if you don't. You can even trying playing music before... or during (depending on your sound needs) filming,
Usually, when a character finishes talking, the camera cuts to another shot, however, you can use this to your advantage. Instead of cutting away, keep the camera on the character. The pause in the scene will add a build-up to the ultimate punchline.
One of the trends in recent films is that close-ups have gotten closer. One of the reasons, is that directors and DPs are screening all their dailies on iPads instead of as large projections viewed by the entire production team. What he believes has come of this is decisions about shot size & angle that are being determined by what looks good on a small screen, which, of course, effects the aesthetic when the piece is shown in a cinema. Watch your footage as largely as possible as it will inform choices and help shape your aesthetic in a positive and cinematic way.
Want more advice? Check out this great video about filming comedy like Edgar Wright.
YOUR TASK
Now think about the hose joke - how would you do it now?
Storyboard your version of the same joke, try using around 12 different shot sizes/camera positions... then find someone willing to get water squirted into their face, and film it! Submit both your storyboard and final film.
Want some music for for yout film?
Here is a list of Copyright/Royalty Free Music (make sure you give credit at the end of your film, if required!)
https://www.silvermansound.com/free-music
https://pixabay.com/
https://www.bensound.com/royalty-free-music/cinematic (NOTE: not all of them are free!)
http://dig.ccmixter.org/
https://mixkit.co/free-stock-music/
https://audionautix.com/
https://studio.youtube.com/ (you need to be signed in to youtube, and then click AUDIO on the list in the left hand side)