The Effectiveness of Beta-Sitosterol in Fortification Yogurt with Sunflower Seed Extract as Drugs Candidate for Coronary Heart Disease

Compiled By:

Cahya Shabira Darwis (008853267)

Aurel Zahsy Ramadhan (0089520570)

Abstract

Coronary heart disease is the number one cause of death in the world that occurs due to blockages and narrowing of the coronary arteries that block blood flow to the heart, thus disrupting its function. One of the causes is hypercholesterolemia. The use of functional food ingredients sunflower seed yogurt is an alternative complementary therapy that is done to overcome hypercholesterolemia. Helianthus annuus (L.), commonly known as sunflower, is a plant in the Asteraceae family. Literature studies show that Sunflower Seeds contain secondary bioactive compounds, namely Beta-Sitosterol, which has been proven effective in lowering cholesterol. This study aims to identify bioactive compounds from sunflower seed extract to evaluate their effectiveness as potential candidates for the treatment of coronary heart disease using the In Silico method. The In Silico test was used to determine the level of toxicity, safe consumption threshold, target protein model, and binding affinity between sunflower seed bioactive compounds and target protein (Sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2). The results of the study based on phytochemical tests showed that steroids were positive. The PSA test showed that the particles were within the drug delivery size 0.6 nm, which means they can be dissolved and absorbed well into the body. The toxicity class of Beta-Sitosterol is 4, meaning it is safe for consumption. The binding affinity of Beta-Sitosterol and Sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2 is -8.3 kcal/mol, meaning that they can bind well and become effective drug candidates.

Keywords : Sunflower Seed, Helianthus Annuus, Yoghurt, Coronary Heart Disease, In Silico, Beta-Sitosterol, Sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2.