Agree: (Balancing the economic, social and environmental perspectives is a MUST for this type of question)
Economic:
Urbanizaton promotes domestic consumption and investment, which is independent of consumption demand from other countries (不受他國經濟影響). Export often fluctuates subjected to economic performance in other countries. On the other hand, consumption is far more stable, as can be seen in countries where domestic consumption plays an important part such as Japan.
Social:
Income disparity between the rural and urban residents can create social divide/disharmony, which may ultimately lead to social discrimination or even riots. Urbanization can increase the income of rural residents by turning villages into cities or by moving people into cities.
Environment:
More income for rural residents, less natural exploitation – people in subsistence will do anything in order to survive, such as deforestation and over-grazing. Increasing their income means less environmental damage is done.
Disagree:
Economic:
An overheated economy, especially in the real estate sector, may be formed. Inflation follows and when the is halted by the government, the bubble bursts and unemployment and economic recession result.
Social:
Worsening regional development problem as skilled rural residents migrate into medium to big cities. Empty villages are formed as only the elderly people and children are left behind. Social development across regions becomes uneven.
Environment:
More domestic consumption -> High demand for resources, e.g. electricity consumption is generally higher in cities than rural areas -> over-exploitation or further environmental damage.
Some people say that...
(Stance: Agree) Urbanization causes empty villages causing new social problems. However, the problem is not as serious as it seems. First, those families who migrate to cities, unlike in the past, will be moving with their children so that they are not left behind. Second, villages are increasing becoming incorporated into small cities nearby, which gives them injected economic and social vitality so that people no longer have to leave their villages.