從屬關係:
A 雖是原因, 但A 從屬於B, 所以B 較主要
補救更新:
A項目確實同時做成好處B 和弊處C, 但好處B大, 而弊處C能補救
長短期:
弊處C只屬短期, 但好處B就是長期的
影響範圍:
好處B能讓大部份人物, 弊處C的影響只局限於小部份人物
另有更重要角度:
弊處C確實存在, 但在D角度 (如持續發展, 社會風氣) 的大前提下, 弊處C不足為憂, 更需多著重好處B)
Subordinate relationship :
Though A is the cause, A is subordinate to B. Therefore, B is main cause and A is secondary, e.g. Naughty is a cause of truancy but parenting is the main cause
Compensation :
A leads to benefit B and cost C at the same time, but benefit B is big, and cost C can be remedied
Long-term and short-term:
Cost C is only short-term, but benefit B is long-term, e.g. studying medicine takes six years, but your life income will be high
Scope of influence:
Benefit B can benefit most people, but cost C is limited to a small number of people, e.g. anti-mask law
An alternative but more important perspective:
Cost C does exist, but under the premise of the D perspective (such as sustainable development, social climate), Cost C is not a concern, and more attention needs to be paid to benefit B. For instance, higher electricity tariff may affect some, but under the premise of sustainable development, it leads to Co2 reduction and higher electricity tariff becomes insignificant
1. Subordinate relationship (從屬關係 ) 2. Being compensated (補救更新) 3. Long / short term (長短期) 4. Scope of impact (影響範圍) 5. A different perspective(另有更重要角度)
Which criteria do the following arguments use?
Valuable historical sites will indeed be submerged by rising water levels, but conservation efforts have reduced the impact. For example, the ancient town of Dachang was relocated to high ground brick by brick.
The upstream residents were forced to move due to the rising river water, but the government has tried its best to help the residents by relocating or compensating residents into a neighbouring area.
The construction of the dam affects millions of people living in the upper reaches of the dam, but the benefit is that more residents downstream are protected from flooding, and people all over the country can enjoy green power and are less affected by the environmental impact caused by electricity production otherwise.
It is true that the construction of the dam will result in the loss of homes and costly construction, but its economic, social and environmental contribution is more significant and in line with the principle of sustainable development, helping China to move away from its past model of economic development at the expense of environmental protection.