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Тема: Види природних катаклізмів.
Мета заняття:
Дидактична: активізувати вживання лексики з теми, практикувати студентів в усному мовленні; вдосконалювати навички, читання, сприйняття на слух.
Розвиваюча: розвивати пам’ять студентів, логічне мислення, увагу, мовну здогадку, розвивати навики самостійної роботи, вміння працювати в парах та міні-групах, розширювати світогляд студентів.
Виховна: виховувати любов до природи та бережливе ставлення до навколишнього середовища; сприяти позитивному ставлення до вивчення іноземної мови як засобу спілкування,
Технології: традиційне навчання, ігрові технології, проектна технологія, інтерактивне навчання і інформаційно-комунікативне навчання;
Методи: пояснювально-ілюстративний, репродуктивний, евристичний метод, метод проблемного викладу, метод перевірки і оцінки знань, умінь і навичок.
Матеріально-технічне забезпечення та дидактичні засоби, ТЗН: комп’ютернi презентації, підручник, дидактичний матеріал, картинки різних видів природних катастроф, телевізор, ноутбук, відео «Natural Disasters».
Вид заняття: комбіноване
Використані джерела та література: Карп’юк О.Д. Англійська мова. Підручник для 10 класу загальноосвітніх навчальних закладів. Рівень стандарту.
Тернопіль: «Астон», 2018.
В.Д. Шарко. Сучасний урок: технологічний аспект /Посібник для вчителів та студентів.– К.: «Фенікс», 2006. – 220 с.
Сиротенко Г.О. Сучасний урок. Інтерактивні технології навчання. – Харків: «Основа», 2003
Використані наукові джерела інтернет-ресурсів.
Хід заняття
1. Організаційна частина
Перевірка присутності студентів
Перевірка підготовленості студентів та аудиторії до занять
2 . Актуалізація опорних знань
Making up the Mind map
What associations do you have about Nature?
water forest
animals
NATURE
plants mountains
land
All this is our nature, the planet we live in. But there are some changes in the nature which can lead to dangerous results. What causes this danger?
3. Повідомлення теми, формування мети та основних завдань
They are natural disasters. Today we are to learn the names of some natural disasters, when and why they occur, how they affect the nature and life of people. You’ll be practicing in using vocabulary on the topic , reading and listening for specific information. You’ll also will work in small groups to search for the details.
4. Мотивація навчальної діяльності ( питання, задачі, проблемні ситуації тощо)
So, we live in a magic world. This wonderful world is our nature. Nature gives us life. Nature teaches us to be kind and clever, attentive and creative. It teaches to understand the world around us. But our Planet is very fragile. Every year small and big natural disasters occur in different parts of the world. Do you think there are more natural disasters than in the past? • Do you think we are prepared to deal with the disasters?
5. План заняття
1. Vocabulary practice
1) Look at the picture. What natural disasters can you name? Spidergram.
2) a) Listen to the audio and match the pictures with the names of the disasters. You can write the numbers. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nSc_6YbQ2TI&t=4s
Let’s repeat all together
b) Match the words with their Ukrainian equivalents.
1. earthquake
2. hurricane
3. typhoon
4. blizzard
5. tornado
6. flood
7. tsunami
8. drought
9. forest fire
10. wildfire
11. landslide
12. mudslide
13. avalanche
14. volcanic eruption
a) повінь
b) посуха
c) цунамі
d) лісова пожежа
e) тайфун
f) землетрус
g) торнадо
h) лавина
i) виверження вулкану
j) хуртовина
k) ураган
l) зсув (бруду)
m) обвал ґрунту
n) пожежа
What other natural disasters can you name?
3) Read and complete the sentences with the names of natural disasters.
1. ... is a violent shaking of the ground. Sometimes it is so strong that the ground splits. earthquake
2. ... is a terrible wind that rushes across the land. During this natural disaster trees can be uprooted, buildings can be destroyed and cars can be overturned. hurricane
3. ... is a spurting out of gases and hot lava from an opening in the Earth's crust. volcanic eruption
4. ... happens when huge amounts of snow or rocks fall down the side of a mountain. avalanche
5. ... is caused by an overflow of water which covers the land that is usually dry. flood
6. ... is the lack of rain for a long time. drought
7. ... can burn out of control in forest areas or bush lands. This natural disaster is caused by lightning, sparks of electricity, or careless people. forest fire
8. ... happens when there is a very strong cold wind and heavy snow. blizzard
9. ... is a sudden fall of a lot of earth or rocks down a hill, cliff etc. landslide
10. ... is a very large wave caused by extreme conditions such as earthquake, which can cause a lot of damage when it reaches land. tsunami
11. ... is a very strong wind that moves very fast in a circle. tornado
12. ... is a storm that has very strong fast winds and that moves over water. typhoon
What natural disasters can occur in Ukraine?
Choose 5 from the list that happen more often.
Flood landslide blizzard avalanche forest fire
2. Reading
1) Read the text. What natural disasters are mentioned in it?
Natural Disasters
When something is natural, it comes from nature and it is not manmade. A disaster is something that usually causes major problems. It would be a disaster if a bridge suddenly fell because it was not built properly. Disasters are negative but can be manmade. However, when speaking about natural disasters you can combine the two terms and define them as catastrophes that occur in nature or by natural processes. They are not manmade. A natural disaster takes place in populated areas of the world when lives may be lost, the property is severely damaged, and the economy is negatively affected.
Natural disasters may include an asteroid collision with Earth, avalanche, landslide, blizzard, thunderstorm, earthquake, flood, gamma-ray burst (from space), volcano, heat wave, hurricane, solar flare, drought, tornado, tsunami, hail, and wildfire.
It is not a natural disaster if it occurs in an unpopulated area and there is no loss of life or property damage. For example, if a tsunami took place on an uninhabited island, it would not be a disaster. Disasters cause a loss. There are many things that can happen during a natural disaster. Sometimes, more than one disaster occurs at the same time. Landslides may occur during severe flooding and thunderstorms.
Natural disasters occur throughout the world, and often people know when they are coming and can prepare for them and be safe. Other disasters may occur without warning. Most people die during a natural disaster when there is no time to prepare for it. Though natural disasters cause many problems, injuries, and sometimes death, they are not to be feared, but being aware of them and properly preparing for them is extremely important.
In addition, there are natural disasters that can occur more often in one part of the world or country than in other regions. For example, a person living in the middle of the United States would not need to be concerned with a tsunami, but someone living along the coast would be affected. In the middle of the country, a tornado might occur, but often there are fewer of them along the coast.
The top 10 natural disasters most likely occurring throughout the world include blizzards, droughts, earthquakes, floods, heat waves, hurricanes, thunderstorms, tornados, tsunamis, and wildfires. Some of the listed disasters may occur simultaneously such as a hurricane and thunderstorm causing massive flooding, or possibly a tsunami, or a heat wave coupled with wildfires.
Other natural disasters include landslides and avalanches, which can be caused by earthquakes, heavy rain or snow, or other disasters. Snow or mud can be released from the side of a mountain or hillside burying the area below. Finally, there are active volcanoes, which are eruptions of a mountaintop, sending out ash clouds, lava, and more, causing damage to property and the loss of human life.
The most common types of natural disasters in the world are floods and storms.
All natural disasters cause damage and destruction, and often one or more people die due to the effects of the natural disaster. Many of the disasters can be predicted ahead of time with some warnings given for people to prepare and move to safety.
2) Choose the correct variant
Начало формы
1) All the following statements are true EXCEPT:
A) Disasters can include those made by man.
B) It is not a natural disaster if there is no loss of life.
C) A tsunami taking place on a deserted island is a natural disaster.
D) An asteroid collision with Earth would be a natural disaster.
2) A catastrophe that occurs in nature or by natural processes and causes loss of life is:
A) A manmade disaster B) A global disaster C) A natural disaster D) An unnatural disaster
3) All the following may be natural disasters EXCEPT:
A) Oil spill B) Landslide C) Avalanche D) Volcano
4) Which of the following natural disasters are most likely to occur simultaneously?
A) Heatwave and droughts B) Thunderstorms and volcanos C)Earthquakes and blizzards
D) Wildfires and floods
5) Which of the following may occur during severe flooding and thunderstorms?
A) Earthquakes B) Landslides C) Solar flares D) Wildfires
6) Which part of the United States would most likely experience a tsunami?
A) States on the east coast B) States on the west coast C) States in the Midwest
D) Both A and B
Конец формы
3. Listening
Listen to the descriptions of some natural disasters and guess what of them each text is about.
Text 1. It is a train of gigantic waves that occur after an earthquake or volcanic eruption. They can be as high as 30 meters, travel as fast as a jet and go as far an inland as 2 kilometers. Most of them happen in the Pacific.
Text 2. It is caused by the movement of the earth’s plates. There are 20 which lie under the surface of the earth. 4 or 5 of them take place in the Pacific Rim.
Text 3. It occurs when there has not been enough rain so that crops and plants can grow. Farm animals die and people don’t have enough to eat.
Text 4. It is a strong tropical storm with high winds and heavy rains. Each of it has boy’s or girl’s name. They cause tremendous damage when they hit land.
Text 5. It is a like a mudslide except it is made up of snow and ice. They occur in the mountains after fresh snowfalls and can travel at 80 miles an hour.
Text 6. They are one of the worst natural disasters and cost the most of money. They occur when storms cause rivers to overflow or by high tides. They cause enormous damage and loss of life.
Natural disaster
Avalanche
Tsunami
Flood
Earthquake
Drought
Hurricane
Text
5
1
6
2
3
4
Group Work
What are the words in each column related to? Choose the appropriate headings from the words in the box.
Avalanche
Earthquake
Hurricane
Volcano
shake
erupt
blow
snow
Righter scale
explosion
wind
rock
collapse
lava
storm
ice
2) Now you will be divided into four groups by the colours of the charts you’ve got. Each group will read some facts about one of the given disasters. Your task is to fill in the information answering the questions.
1. What are they?
2. Why do they happen?
3. Where do they happen?
4. How do they affect?
What are they?
Why do they happen?
Where do they happen?
How do they affect people?
An avalanche is a phenomenon of nature. It is linked to snow. When there is too much snow on a mountain, some of the snow may fall, causing damage to things in its path. This is called an avalanche.
An avalanche occurs when a large mass of ice and snow breaks away from the side of a mountain and surges down the mountain with tremendous speed and force.
Some avalanches are small and only a minimal amount of snow moves down the mountain. When this occurs it is called sloughing.
Most avalanches are triggered by people skiing, snowboarding, hiking, or snowmobiling on top of the snow.
Avalanches kill more than 150 people throughout the world every year.
When a slab of snow begins to move down the mountain it can reach speeds of 80 miles per hour (130 kilometers).
Most avalanches occur within 24 hours after a storm drops 12 or more inches (30 centimeters) of fresh snow.
Other areas that are extremely vulnerable to avalanches are where layers of wind-driven snow has accumulated.
People that access areas where avalanches are known to occur need to find out from park rangers if that part of the mountain has been declared to be safe.
People are encouraged to never travel into risky areas alone.
People skiing or snowboarding in areas where avalanches occur need to let someone know where they will be, and they also are encouraged to wear an avalanche beacon, so if they are trapped the rescuers will be able to find them.
An earthquake (also known as a quake or tremor) is the violent movement of tectonic plates in the Earth’s crust. Earthquakes are usually quite brief but may recur over a long period of time. They are the result of a sudden release of energy in the Earth’s crust. This creates seismic waves, waves of energy that cause the ground to shake violently.
An earthquake is a sudden movement of the Earth’s crust caused by the release of stress accumulated along geologic faults, tectonic plates or by volcanic activity.
The intensity of an earthquake is measured using the Richter Scale and it is recorded with a seismometer. The magnitude of a quake goes up exponentially, meaning it doubles in intensity.
During an earthquake, people should move away from buildings if they are outside and into a doorway or under a table if they are inside. Most people die from being caught in a building collapse or from being hit by falling debris during an earthquake. Sometimes, earthquakes can break gas lines or dump flammable materials causing fires and explosions.
A hurricane, also known as a tropical cyclone is a circular air movement over the warm ocean waters in the warm part of Earth near the equator. Most hurricanes create strong winds and heavy rains. While some hurricanes stay out in the sea, others pass over land, which can be dangerous because they can cause a lot of damage.
Hurricanes are very large, spiralling tropical storms that can pack wind speeds of over 160 miles an hour. They can unleash more than 2.4 trillion gallons of rain a day.
These same tropical storms are known as cyclones in the northern Indian Ocean and typhoons in the western Pacific Ocean.
The Atlantic Ocean’s hurricane season occurs from mid-August to late October and averages five to six hurricanes per year. Better technology allows scientists to track the storm and predict its path. Warnings can be given to residents so they can prepare their property for the storm and/or evacuate the area.
When hurricanes come onto land, the heavy rain, strong winds and heavy waves can damage buildings, trees and cars. The heavy waves are called a storm surge. Once a hurricane moves onto the land it begins to lose energy.
Hurricanes are named to help us identify and track them as they move across the ocean. For Atlantic Ocean hurricanes, the names may be French, Spanish or English, since these are the major languages bordering the Atlantic Ocean where the storms occur. Sometimes names are “retired” if a hurricane has been really big and destructive. Retired names include Katrina, Andrew and Mitch.
A volcano is a mountain where lava (hot, liquid rock) comes from a magma chamber under the ground. Most volcanoes have a volcanic crater at the top. When they are active, materials pour out of it. This includes lava, steam, gaseous compounds of sulphur, ash and broken rock pieces.
A volcano is a mountain that opens downward toward a pool of molten rock, which is called magma. This all happens below the surface of the earth. So a volcano is essentially hole in the Earth from which molten rock and gas erupt.
The name “volcano” has its origin from the name of Vulcan, a god of fire in Roman mythology.
As pressure in the molten rock builds up it needs to escape somewhere. So it forces its way up through fissures, which are narrow cracks in the earths crust. Once the magma erupts through the earth’s surface it’s called lava.
The Earth’s crust is made up of huge slabs called plates, which fit together like a jigsaw puzzle. These plates sometimes move. When two plates collide, one section slides on top of the other, the one beneath is pushed down. Magma is squeezed out.
Volcanoes are like giant safety valves that release the pressure that builds up inside the Earth.
Most volcanoes will form over many thousands of years. However, they can sometimes appear very quickly
In volcanic areas, like Iceland, the heat from volcanoes is used to produce hot water and runs power plants. In Japan, it is common for people to bathe in warm volcanic sand. It is supposed to have healing qualities to cure illness and skin conditions.
Volcanic ash is very good for farmlands in surrounding areas. The nutrients present in volcanic ash help to make the land very fertile. The maleo bird actually incubates its eggs using the heat from the volcanic sand.
6 . Підведення підсумків
• Узагальнення матеріалу
Identify and number each disaster from 1 to 10 as it appears. Answers are at the end of the video for checking. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BRTKCdEYbQM&t=23s
• Повідомлення домашнього завдання
Написати твір з 10 речень про природні катаклізми.
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