Підручник "Англійська мова" для 10 класу, автор Оксана Карп`юк
Joseph Mallord William Turner (1775-1851)
J.M.W. Turner, a great romantic English landscape painter, was born in Devonshire, but when he was ten years old he went to live with his uncle in Middlesex, where he began to attend school. Very soon he began to take an interest in drawing, and during the summer holidays he would hike around his native! Devonshire, painting and drawing. Some of his drawings are dated 1787, when he was only 12 years of age. He I visited Oxford in 1789, Bristol in 1791, and Wales in 1792. His sketch-books, filled with drawings to be worked I up later into water-colours are preserved in the British 1 Museum.
In 1796 he began to exhibit oil paintings as well as water-colours at the Royal Academy. The first, "Fishermen at Sea", is now in the Tate Gallery.
After going to Yorkshire in 1797, to the Lake District in 1798 and to Scotland in 1801, he made long tours of France, Germany, Switzerland, Italy. But he never lost his interest in his own country, and made many visits to Wales, Devonshire and Cornwall, finding there many subjects for sketches and paintings.
Turner was above all a landscape painter, and in landscapes he was interested mainly in light and colour effects. One of his famous paintings is even called "Light and Colour". His work was highly praised6 by many I great critics.
Turner died in London in 1851 and was buried in St. Paul's Cathedral. His pictures and drawings became the property of the nation.
Дати відповіді на запитання.
1. Who is this text about?
2. Where was he born?
3. When did he begin to take an interesting in drawing?
4. Where art his sketch-books with drawings preserved?
5. When and where did he exhibit his oil paintings and water-colours?
6. What countries did he visit after going to Yorkshire?
7. What kind of painter was Turner?
8. When did he die and where was he buried?
There are many different forms of art, among them: music, cinema, theatre, literature and others. However, my favourite form of art is painting. I love visiting art galleries and museums to look at exquisite paintings. In my opinion, paintings can say a lot about the artist and his views on life. All artists try to express their feelings and emotions in their paintings. The most common definition of painting is the art of portraying and representing objects with line and colour. The first ones were the depictions of animals. The oldest knowing paintings can be found in France at the Chauvet Cave. Some historians claim that they are about 32, 000 years old. They represent engraved paintings with red ochre and black pigment. The pictures of horses, rhinoceros, lions, and buffalo are shown there. The examples of cave paintings can be also found in other countries, including India, Spain, Australia, and China. While painting, artists use different types of paint. For example, many artists prefer oil painting. Others choose to use pastel or watercolor, gouache or enamel. All techniques are attractive in their own way. Styles of painting also differ. They have changed over the centuries. Some of the latest styles are modernism, impressionism and abstract expressionism. I’m a real art lover and when I get a spare time, I try to visit an art gallery or a museum. I have already visited the Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts and the Tretyakov Gallery. However, when I have a chance I’ll go there again. These museums are huge and contain a large collection of art works by Russian and western painters. Apart from that, I have visited the Museum of Nikolay Roerich. I found many unusual and abstract paintings there, which I absolutely loved.