Suparno Adi Santika
Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Dr. Soebandi Hospital, Jember, Indonesia, Faculty of Medicine, Jember University

DOI: https://doi.org/10.19184/ams.v11i3.53757

Abstract

Introduction: Critically ill patients require intensive monitoring and specialized care in the ICU. Reliable scoring systems are essential to evaluate illness severity and predict outcomes. The Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) scores are widely validated tools for this purpose.
Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of APACHE II and SOFA scores in predicting survival rates among ICU patients.
Method: A systematic review was conducted using ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, PubMed, Cochrane, and ProQuest databases (2014–2024). Of 1,427 studies screened, 15 met the inclusion criteria comparing APACHE II and SOFA scores in predicting ICU survival.
Results: Across 15 studies, both scores showed a significant positive correlation with ICU length of stay. Optimal cutoff values ranged from 13–17 for APACHE II and 5–9 for SOFA. APACHE II demonstrated higher predictive accuracy, with most studies reporting greater sensitivity (70–88%) and specificity (65–84%) than SOFA.
Conclusion: Both APACHE II and SOFA scores effectively predict ICU survival, but APACHE II provides superior prognostic accuracy. Implementing APACHE II as a primary assessment tool may enhance early risk stratification and improve outcome prediction in critically ill patients.

Keyword: APACHE II Score, SOFA Score, Survival Rate, ICU, Organ Failure, Systematic Review

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