Yuni Prastyo Kurniati
Anatomical Pathology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, Indonesia

Natasya Salsa Dilla
Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, Indonesia

Siti Soekiswati
Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, Indonesia Corresponding author: Yuni Prastyo Kurniati. E-mail: ypk134@ums.ac.id

DOI: https://doi.org/10.19184/ams.v11i2.53711

Abstract

Indonesia ranks fourth in Southeast Asia, with a 2.3% prevalence of sensorineural hearing loss, a condition that may result from various risk factors, including diabetes mellitus (DM) and obesity. Diabetes Mellitus can impair cochlear vascularization, while obesity significantly affects vascular function, potentially impacting the auditory system. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between type 2 DM and obesity with sensorineural hearing loss. An observational analytic study with a cross-sectional approach was conducted on 64 participants, aged 18–60 years, selected via purposive sampling. Type 2 DM was diagnosed by internal medicine consultants, and obesity was assessed using waist-to-hip ratio measurements. Data were analyzed using Fisher's exact test and logistic regression. The study was ethically approved by the Health Ethics Committee of PKU Muhammadiyah Hospital, Surakarta (No. 05/KEPK/RS.PKU/X/2024). The results showed a significant correlation between type 2 DM and sensorineural hearing loss (p=0.037) and between obesity and sensorineural hearing loss (p=0.001). The odds ratio for type 2 DM was 12.031, while for obesity it was 58.059, indicating that obesity posed a substantially higher risk. In conclusion, type 2 DM and obesity are significantly correlated with the occurrence of sensorineural hearing loss, suggesting that addressing these risk factors may help reduce its prevalence.

Keyword: Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2, Obesitas, Gangguan Pendengaran Sensorineural, Faktor Risiko.

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