Embedded Files
Unit 2 Test on Tuesday, September 30, 2025
Topics Included
Ancient Mesopotamia
Ancient Egypt
Early American Civilizations
Introduction to Ancient Mesopotamia
Why is Mesopotamia considered the "cradle of civilization"? Sal explains the history of the early empires on the Tigris and Euphrates rivers.
Crash Course: Ancient Mesopotamia
John Green, creator of Crash Course, presents Mesopotamia and the early civilizations that arose around the Fertile Crescent.
Introduction to Ancient Egypt
Ancient Egypt was an early example of a massive civilization spanning thousands of years.
Crash Course: Ancient Egypt
John Green covers the long, long history of ancient Egypt. Learn about mummies, pharaohs, pyramids and the Nile.
Oracle Bone
Oracle Bone, Shang Dynasty, Reign of Zu Geng, c. 1191-1181 B.C.E. (Shanghai Museum, China) Speakers: Dr. Kristen Chiem and Dr. Beth Harris.
Pre-Columbian Civilizations in the Andes
Learn about several of the pre-Columbian civilizations that emerged around the Andes in/near modern-day Peru.
Overview of Harappan Civilization
The Indus River Valley civilization lasted for 2,000 years, and extended from what is today northeast Afghanistan to Pakistan and northwest India. Sal explores the history of this civilization, its technological innovations, its art, its architectural practices, and its agriculture.
Crash Course: Indus Valley Civilization
Learn about the Indus Valley Civilization, one of the largest of the ancient civilizations. John Green teaches you the who, how, when, where and why of the Indus Valley Civilization, and dispenses advice on how to be more successful in your romantic relationships.
Crash Course: Re-Thinking Civilization
In this video John Green talks about the idea of civilization, some of the traditional hallmarks of so-called civilization, and why some people would choose to live outside the civilization model. It turns out, not everyone who lives outside of what we traditionally think of as a "civilized" social order is necessarily a barbarian!
Crash Course: End of Civilization
In which John Green teaches you about the Bronze Age civilization in what we today call the middle east, and how the vast, interconnected civilization that encompassed Egypt, The Levant, and Mesopotamia came to an end.
The Rosetta Stone is one of the most famous archaeological finds in history: and it was the key to cracking Egyptian hieroglyphics. And while it took scholars years to work it out, there was one clue in there that helped unlock everything that followed.
The World's First Writing System
A brief look into a new book that will bring insight into the world's oldest writing system by authors Irving Finkel and Jonathan Taylor, curators of the world's largest collection of cuneiform tablets at the British Museum.
Smarthistory is part of the Khan Academy, an education non-profit organization. They use unscripted conversations between art historians about the history of art.
How to Make a Mummy
As anyone who’s seen a mummy knows, ancient Egyptian priests went to a lot of trouble to evade decomposition. But how successful were they? Len Bloch details the mummification process and examines its results thousands of years later.
The ancient Egyptians developed a sophisticated method to preserve a dead body for the afterlife: mummification. Follow the steps of the mummification process in this short animation about the Getty Museum's Romano-Egyptian mummy Herakleides.
How were the blocks raised to the top of the 489 foot Great Pyramid? An architect develops a theory about a snaking internal ramp that's been hidden inside the pyramid for 4500 years.
Hunefer's Judgement in the presence of Osiris, Book of the Dead. Erratum: near the end of the video we say that Nephthys and Anubis are siblings, this is not correct. This video details additional information.
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