International AIDS Vaccine Initiative
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_AIDS_Vaccine_Initiative
2023-06-19-wikipedia-org-international-aids-vaccine-initiative.pdf
International AIDS Vaccine Initiative
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1996; 27 years ago
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The International AIDS Vaccine Initiative (IAVI) is a global not-for-profit, public-private partnershipworking to accelerate the development of vaccines to prevent HIV infection and AIDS. IAVI researches and develops vaccine candidates, conducts policy analyses, serves as an advocate for the HIV preventionfield and engages communities in the trial process and AIDS vaccine education. The organization takes a comprehensive approach to HIV and AIDS that supports existing HIV prevention and treatment programs while emphasizing the need for new AIDS prevention tools. It also works to ensure that future vaccines will be accessible to all who need them.[1]
In 1994, the Rockefeller Foundation convened an international meeting of AIDS researchers, vaccinologists, public health officials, and representatives from philanthropic organizations in Bellagio, Italy, to evaluate the challenges facing HIV/AIDS vaccine development and identify ways to jump-start research.[2]
The International AIDS Vaccine Initiative was founded in 1996 by epidemiologist Seth Berkeley with the mission of accelerating the development and global distribution of preventative AIDS vaccines.[3]
In February 2023, Muhammad Ali Pate was appointed chairman of the Vaccine Alliance (Gavi), which works to provide vaccines in low-income countries.[4]
IAVI's scientific team, drawn largely from private industry, researches and develops AIDS vaccine candidates and engages in clinical trials and research through partnerships with more than 100 academic, biotechnology, pharmaceutical and governmental institutions.[1]
In September 2009, a global group of researchers led by IAVI published a study in the journal Science identifying PG9 and PG16, two highly powerful broadly neutralizing antibodies against a wide variety of HIV variants.[5] The site on the virus to which PG9 and PG16 attach revealed a vulnerability on HIV.[6] PG9 and PG16 were the first new broadly neutralizing antibodies against HIV discovered in more than a decade and are the result of a global effort launched in 2006.[7]
To address major obstacles in AIDS vaccine development, IAVI partners with HIV researchers from around the world. Its Neutralizing Antibody Center is a network dedicated to discovering and understanding broadly neutralizing antibodies against HIV and using that knowledge in the design of vaccines.[2]
IAVI is a founding member of the Global HIV Vaccine Enterprise, an alliance of independent organizations working towards an AIDS vaccine.[2] It also partners with civil society organizations and other entities to advocate jointly for the development of AIDS vaccines, and is a member of the Global Health Technologies Coalition, an alliance of more than 30 non-profit groups that aims to increase awareness of the urgent need for technologies that save lives in developing countries.[8]
IAVI's work is funded by donors including: the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Denmark, Irish Aid, the Ministry of Finance of Japan in partnership with The World Bank, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands, the United Kingdom Department for International Development, and the United States Agency for International Development (USAID).
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a b Berkley, Seth. (2006). Ending an epidemic: the International AIDS Vaccine Initiative pioneers a public-private partnership. Innovations, Vol. 1, No. 1. 52–66.
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a b c Holtzman, J. (2009). International Aids Vaccine Initiative. TechImpact @ Yale, 3(1), 1-2.
^ Beigbeder, Yves (2017-11-28). International Public Health: Patients' Rights vs. the Protection of Patents. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-351-15542-7.
^ Rédaction Africanews avec AFp (14 February 2023). "Muhammad Ali Pate, un Nigérian pour diriger l'Alliance du vaccin". Africanews. Africanews.
^ Cohen, Jon (2009). Potent Antibodies Spark Vaccine Hopes. Science, Vol. 325. no. 5945, p. 1195
^ "Two New Antibodies Found to Cripple HIV," Theraclone Sciences news release. Sept. 3, 2009.
^ Phogat, Sanjay. "Antibody Discoveries Latest Advance in AIDS Vaccine Research Renaissance," Global Health Magazine blog. July 17, 2010.
^ Global Health Technologies Coalition Archived 2010-12-28 at the Wayback Machine website. Retrieved Aug. 3, 2010
NEWS
Ending AIDS: The search for a vaccine
Diane Clay
https://www.oklahoman.com/story/news/2005/12/27/ending-aids-the-search-for-a-vaccine/61908924007/
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The science of AIDS has come a long way since the days when people were afraid of contracting the disease from toilet seats and doorknobs.
Several medicines have successfully slowed the disease, and many people infected with the HIV virus never develop AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome). The same can't be said for patients in other parts of the world where citizens can't afford costly drugs, and community customs have helped spread the disease.
"The world needs better long-term solutions to the HIV pandemic, said Dr. Seth Berkley, president of the International AIDS Vaccine Initiative.
The latest effort to eradicate AIDS, which scientists once thought would result in an uncontrollable pandemic, is the creation of a vaccine.
More than 30 vaccines are being tested in clinical trials in 19 countries, including the United States, France, Brazil, Haiti, Kenya and South Africa. Most of the clinical trials have started in the past five years.
At the same time, the number of pharmaceutical companies testing possible vaccines has doubled to four, and the number of government programs focused on an AIDS vaccine has increased.
According to the International AIDS Vaccine Initiative, the long-standing programs of the U.S. National Institutes of Health and the French government have expanded and have been joined by the European Vaccine Effort Against HIV/AIDS (EuroVac), the South African AIDS Vaccine Initiative and the Australian-Thai HIV Vaccine Consortium, among others.
Officials at the vaccine initiative said the first-ever large-scale AIDS vaccine trials were completed in 2003. The vaccines were not successful. A third large-scale trial began later in 2003, and a fourth began this year.
A major shift in vaccine research has seen testing move from industrialized nations to poorer countries where AIDS is a much larger problem.
This is particularly true in Africa where in Rwanda alone an estimated 22,000 children have HIV and/or AIDS. More than 250,000 women in Zambia are living with the virus.
To combat the problem, the number of African countries conducting AIDS vaccine trials has increased from one to four.
"Greater collaboration is making a significant difference. Harnessing the talents of researchers in heavily-affected countries, speeding regulatory and trial processes and working with communities will produce better technologies sooner, Berkley said.
The process still faces significant problems before a vaccine can be produced.
Many of the vaccines are difficult to manufacture on a large scale and are expensive. Officials said many of the vaccines being tested are very similar and there is little focus on alternative types.
Experts predict the next large-scale trial on vaccines will be done in 2007, and if they turn out not to be viable, most of the vaccines in the "pipeline will be rendered useless.
Members of the International AIDS Vaccine Initiative said another avenue could be finding what makes live vaccines work so well in monkeys. While live vaccines cannot be used in people because of the risk that they will become infected with HIV, the IAVI wants researchers to develop a similar synthetic dose.
Most importantly, advocates say, more money and attention needs to be given to finding a vaccine, especially for developing nations.
A recent United Nations meeting focused on the issue with a call to speed up research for a vaccine, involve communities around the world in clinical trials and continue to push for a change in bad habits and traditions that help spread the disease.
"The world needs to act now to commit the resources and political will to scale up research and development for HIV vaccines, Dr. Peter Piot said at the meeting.
Piot is the executive director of the Joint United Nations Program on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS).
"As things stand, we are still years away from a vaccine. Every year HIV infections continue to grow and millions more lives are lost to this epidemic. The battle against AIDS can be won, but we must invest in the tools we need to accomplish this goal.