Second husband - Dr. Carl John Scandella (born 1944)
Dr. Murray Briggs Gardner (born 1945) ( Collaboration yielded several joint research papers, while Dr. Haigwood was at Chiron in Emeryville CA, and in Seattle. While in Emeryville, Dr. Haigwood most likely technically worked with Biocine, which was a joint venture of Chiron and Ciba-Geigy in Emeryville, Calif. )
Dr. John Robert Mascola (born 1959) ( Research collaboration ... )
Dr. Paul Andrew Luciw (born 1948) ( Research collaboration ... )
Dr. Shiu-Lok Hu (born 1949) (Extensive research collaborator withDr. Shiu-Lok Hu (born 1949) , source [HW008E][GDrive] )
....
Chiron Corporation ( employed at Chiron, 1983 to 1992)
Alma mater : University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (Ph.D.)
Known for : HIV/AIDS research
Scientific career Institutions : University of Washington / Oregon National Primate Research Center
Thesis : The organization of repetitive sequences in two cloned mouse beta-globin clusters (1980)
Nancy Logan Haigwood is an American scientist. She is a professor and the director of the Oregon National Primate Research Center. Haigwood is an HIV/AIDS researcher and serves as a volunteer board member on the Cascade AIDS Project. She is an advocate of science education and outreach.
Haigwood earned a doctor of philosophy at University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in 1980.[1] She was the graduate mentor to the Kappa Kappa Gamma chapter at Chapel Hill.[2] Her dissertation was titled The organization of repetitive sequences in two cloned mouse beta-globin clusters.[3] Haigwood completed a postdoctoral fellowship at Johns Hopkins University from 1979 to 1981.[1]
Haigwood worked for 17 years in the biotechnology and pharmaceutical industry. A large portion of this was at the [Chiron Corporation] (Novartis) and the Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharmaceutical Research Institute. She was a professor of microbiology and pathology from 1997 to 2007 at the University of Washington and a member of the Center for Global Infectious Disease Research. In 2007, she became the fifth director of the Oregon National Primate Research Center. She is a volunteer board member of the Cascade AIDS Project and an advocate for science education and outreach. Haigwood has researched HIV/AIDS with an emphasis in preventing mother to child transmission and on vaccines since 1986.[1]
Haigwood is a Fellow of the American Society for Microbiology. She won the Cascade AIDS Project 2017 Action Award for her "outstanding volunteer service to this AIDS service organization."[1]
Haigwood contacted the Federal Bureau of Investigation in early 2002 after she had suspicions that [Dr. Bruce Edward Ivins (born 1946)] was behind the 2001 anthrax attacks.[2]
a b c d "Nancy L. Haigwood, Ph.D. | OHSU People". Oregon Health & Science University. Retrieved February 14, 2019.
a b Moughty, Sarah (October 10, 2011). "Nancy Haigwood: "I Had a Gut Feeling It Was Bruce"". Frontline. PBS. Retrieved February 14, 2019.
^ Haigwood, Nancy Logan (1980). "The organization of repetitive sequences in two cloned mouse beta-globin clusters". The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
Nancy Haigwood publications indexed by Google Scholar
https://www.linkedin.com/in/nancy-haigwood-3a836719/
2021-11-04-linkedin-nancy-haigwood-3a836719.pdf
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1ImtLSAZ4HlQTZZl2uom0luXAmWVfGyHl/view?usp=sharing
2021-11-04-linkedin-nancy-haigwood-3a836719-img-1.jpg
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I am a professor and a director of one of the National Primate Research Centers in the US. My research focus in industry and academics has been on the development of vaccines and biological therapeutics, primarily antibodies. For more than 35 years I have studied various aspects of the HIV Envelope glycoprotein, from structure-function analyses to protein expression, to immunogenicity studies. My laboratory has worked on vaccines in primate models for AIDS that are modeled after native Envelopes from subjects who develop neutralizing antibodies in 2-3 years after infection. For the last 20 years, our focus has been passive studies with broadly neutralizing antibodies to limit mother to child transmission. The lab is currently am working on passive antibody-based approaches to treat SARS-CoV-2 early in infection. In my role as a center director, I enjoy learning from my colleagues here and at other centers so that we can model and understand immune responses and disease pathogenesis. I am an advocate for science education and transparency.
OHSU
Director, Oregon National Primate Research Center ( Oct 2007 – Present / 14 yrs 2 mos / Location: Beaverton, Oregon (Greater Portland Area) )
As Director of one of the eight National Primate Research Centers in the US, I am responsible for strategic planning, working with scientific division heads to direct research, and the management and breeding of a large colony of nonhuman primates bred for NIH-funded research.
Oregon Health & Science University
Professor ( Oct 2007 – Present [ which is Oct 2021] / 14 yrs 2 mos )
My role is in mentoring Staff Scientists, fellows and students and in leading NIH and foundation funded biomedical research aimed at developing vaccines and immune-based therapies for HIV.
National Association for Biomedical Research (NABR)
Board Member ( Sep 2013 – Present / 8 yrs 3 mos )
Cascade AIDS Project
Board Member and President ( Dec 2011 – Present / 10 yrs / Location: Portland, Oregon Area )
I am currently serving as board president, and I serve on the Finance Committee and participate in fundraising activities for CAP.
International AIDS Vaccine Initiative
SAC member ( 2008 – 2011 / 3 yrs )
US-Japan CMSP
Member and former chair ( 2003 – 2010 / 7 yrs )
Seattle Biomedical Research Institute
Senior Scientist ( 1997 – 2007 / 10 yrs )
Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
Scientific Ombudsperson ( 2004 – 2006 / 2 yrs )
Bristol-Myers Squibb Seattle
Senior Principal Scientist ( 1992 – 1997 / 5 yrs )
Associate Director ( 1983 – 1992 / 9 yrs )
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Degree Name : B.S., Ph.D. Field Of StudyZoology; Microbiology & Immunology
Dates attended or expected graduation: 1969 – 1979
Activities and Societies: Alpha Phi Omega Kappa Kappa Gamma
Northwest Association for Biomedical Research
Board President ( 1997 – 2007 / Volunteer duration10 yrs )
Cause Science and Technology
Education and outreach on biomedical research
Name : Nancy L Haigwood / [N L Haigwood] / [Nancy Haigwoodscandella] / [Nancy Haigwood Scandella] / [Nancy Halgwood Scandella] / [Nancy L Haigwood-Scandella]
Birth Date: Nov 1951
Residence Date : 2018-2020
Address : 3840 NW 171st Pl / Beaverton, Oregon, USA / 97006
Second Residence Date : 2007-2020
Second Address : 505 NW 185th Ave / Beaverton, Oregon, USA / 97006
Third Residence Date : 1999-2007
Third Address : 4117 Ne 41st St / Seattle, Washington, USA / 98105
Fourth Residence Date : 1992-2004
Fourth Address : 4404 91st Ave Ne / Yarrow Point, Washington, USA / 98004
PROBING the DYNAMICS of INFANT IMMUNITY to LIMIT HIV PERSISTENCE
2017-08-03 to 2022-07-31 | Grant
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (n/a, United States)
GRANT_NUMBER: grant.R01AI133712
Source: Nancy L. Haigwood via DimensionsWizard
Persistent modulation of microbiota to enhance HIV vaccination
2015-07-01 to 2019-12-31 | Grant
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (n/a, United States)
GRANT_NUMBER: grant.R01AI120712
Source: Nancy L. Haigwood via DimensionsWizard
Targeting IgM Memory to Establish Protective B Cell Responses to HIV
2015-03-01 to 2019-02-28 | Grant
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (n/a, United States)
GRANT_NUMBER: grant.R01AI117787
Source: Nancy L. Haigwood via DimensionsWizard
Protective role of V2 antibodies induced at mucosal tissues in macaques
2015-01-15 to 2019-12-31 | Grant
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (n/a, United States)
GRANT_NUMBER: grant.R01AI112546
Source: Nancy L. Haigwood via DimensionsWizard
Reducing Latent Viral Reservoirs in Infant Macaques
2014-08-01 to 2019-06-30 | Grant
National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (n/a, United States)
GRANT_NUMBER: grant.R01HD080459
Source: Nancy L. Haigwood via DimensionsWizard
Targeting neutralizing epitopes in the MPER of HIV Env
2014-05-06 to 2018-04-30 | Grant
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (n/a, United States)
GRANT_NUMBER: grant.R01AI111851
Source: Nancy L. Haigwood via DimensionsWizard
Epitope-targeted Vaccines for HIV-1 Prevention
2012-08-15 to 2018-07-31 | Grant
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (n/a, United States)
URL: https://grants.uberresearch.com/100000060/P01AI100151/Epitope-targeted-Vaccines-for-HIV-1-Prevention
GRANT_NUMBER: grant.P01AI100151
Source: Nancy L. Haigwood via DimensionsWizard
Plant-derived HIV neutralizing mAbs for passive immunotherapy in newborn macaques
2009-01-01 to 2018-06-30 | Grant
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (n/a, United States)
GRANT_NUMBER: grant.R44AI081621
Source: Nancy L. Haigwood via DimensionsWizard
Name : Nancy Haigwood
Spouse : Robert Cozart III
Divorce Date : 14 Dec 1978
Divorce Place : Durham, North Carolina, USA
Residence Place : Durham, North Carolina, USA
2021-11-ancestry-com-marriage-and-divorce-recrds-nancy-haigwood-146435-1115.pdf
https://www.newspapers.com/image/372993891/?terms=%22nancy%20haigwood%22&match=1
Name : Nancy Logan Haigwood
School : University of North Carolina Chapel Hill
Marriage Date : 24 Sep 1983 / Marriage Place : New Canaan Conn
Father : Paul Haigwood
Spouse : John Carl Scandella
1983-11-06 to 1992-06-01 | Director (Virology) / PDF of source : [HW007B][GDrive] / See Chiron Corporation
December 1991
AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses 7(11):889-98
Authors:
Carl Scandella Consulting
Publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press
Authors:
V. Planelles / Luis Giavedoni ( as of 2021: Texas Biomedical Research Institute )
M. Marthas / Shahrin Ahmad ( as of 2021: Universiti Utara Malaysia )
Carl Scandella ( as 2021: Carl Scandella Consulting )
Paul Luciw ( as of 2021: University of California, Davis )
Tadelech Yilma / Preston A Marx ( as of 2021: Tulane University )
Andrew A Lackner ( as of 2021: Tulane University )
Murray B Gardner ( as of 2021: University of California, Davis )
Nancy Haigwood ( as of 2021: Oregon Health and Science University )
February 1992
Journal of Medical Primatology 21(2-3):82-90
DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0684.1992.tb00572.x
Authors:
Carl Scandella Consulting
1992
K. S. Steimer, N. L. Haigwood
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
Scopus
Journal AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses
Volume 8
Issue number 8
State
Published - 1992
https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/8216/50703609ca19e09fe8ac0bc8bdfdaafda2cc.pdf
1992-10-journal-of-experimental-medicine-crosslinking-cd4-by-human-immunodeficiency-virus-gp120-primes.pdf
https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/8216/50703609ca19e09fe8ac0bc8bdfdaafda2cc.pdf
Crossllnklng CD4 by Human Immunodeficiency Virus gp120 Primes T Cells for Activation-induced Apoptosis By Nirmal K. Banda,* Jacques Bernier, S David K. Kurahara,* Roland Kurrle, ll Nancy Haigwood,82 Rafik-P. Sekaly, S and Terri Helman Finkel*~ From the "Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Center for Immunology and Respiratory Medicine, Denver, Colorado 80206; the *Departments of Pediatrics and Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Genetics, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, Colorado 80262; the SLaboratoire d'Immunologie, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montreal, Quebe~ H2W 1R7, Canada; IIBehringwerke AG, D-3550 Marbur~ Germany; and 82 Cortx, Emeryville, California 94608 Summ~ary During human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection there is a profound and selective decrease in the CD4 + population of T lymphocytes. The mechanism of this depletion is not understood, as only a small fraction of all CD4 + cells appear to be productively infected with HIV-1 in seropositive individuals. In the present study, crosslinking of bound gp120 on human CD4 + T cells followed by signaling through the T cell receptor for antigen was found to result in activation-dependent cell death by a form of cell suicide termed apoptosis, or programmed cell death. The data indicate that even picomolar concentrations of gp120 prime T cells for activationinduced cell death, suggesting a mechanism for CD4 + T cell depletion in acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), particularly in the face of concurrent infection and antigenic challenge with other organisms. These results also provide an explanation for the enhancement of infection by certain antibodies against HIV, and for the paradox that HIV appears to cause AIDS after the onset of antiviral immunity.
1992-10-journal-of-experimental-medicine-crosslinking-cd4-by-human-immunodeficiency-virus-gp120-primes-pg-1099.jpg
1992-10-journal-of-experimental-medicine-crosslinking-cd4-by-human-immunodeficiency-virus-gp120-primes-pg-1104-msk.jpg
February 1993
Journal of Virology 67(1):577-83
DOI:10.1128/JVI.67.1.577-583.1993
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Steimer, K. S.*; Yoshiyama, H.**; McClure, J.***; Ho, D. D.**; Scandella, C. J.*; Haigwood, N. L.*
*Chiron Corporation, Emeryville, CA
*Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center and New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY ***Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Seattle, WA
Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes: June 1993 - Volume 6 - Issue 6 - p 684
Worked with :
Article
October 1993
AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses 9:S108-S108
Authors:
https://law.justia.com/cases/federal/district-courts/FSupp/902/1103/2597140/
SEE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE ...
Also mentioned : Dr. Robert Charles Nowinski (born 1945) / Dr. Lawrence A. Corey (born 1947) / Dr. Nancy Logan Haigwood (born 1951) / Dr. Robert Charles Gallo (born 1937)
While President Clinton promotes a goal of developing an AIDS vaccine in 10 years, a company led by Seattle biotechnology entrepreneur [Dr. Robert Charles Nowinski (born 1945)] is raising tens of millions of dollars to finance immediate, large-scale testing of just such a potential vaccine.
Nowinski and stockbroker George Steiner of Prudential Securities' Seattle office are recruiting private investors for [VaxGen, Incorporated], which plans final clinical trials in 7,500 American volunteers and another 3,000 in Thailand.
The South San Francisco, Calif.-based company already has raised at least $18 million and hoped to reach $36.75 million, according to papers filed in March with the state Securities Division. Steiner said last week that VaxGen is "very close" to completing its money hunt, but he declined further comment.
Some experts are skeptical of the VaxGen effort, however, saying that the company's so-called gp120 vaccine has been superseded by newer approaches more likely to protect against AIDS.
The National Institutes of Health decided in 1994 not to fund phase-three clinical trials of VaxGen's vaccine, which was developed by biotech powerhouse Genentech Inc.
Genentech itself, after putting $50 million and eight years into its AIDS vaccine, cut its financial exposure in December 1995 by spinning off the research-and-development program as VaxGen. Genentech is contributing to VaxGen 300,000 units of the vaccine but only $2 million in cash.
VaxGen executives, who did not return phone calls, reckon that even a partial preventative to AIDS would be welcome.
The company's private placement prospectus, obtained from a potential investor, says the Food and Drug Administration might even approve a vaccine that protects 30 percent of recipients against AIDS.
Such a vaccine could be given to health-care professionals, law-enforcement personnel and others who face on-the-job exposure to HIV, the document says.
Clinton's declaration this month of a 10-year push to find an AIDS vaccine received a lukewarm reception, in part because it provided no new funding. And AIDS researcher [Dr. Robert Charles Gallo (born 1937)], a co-discoverer of the HIV virus, told reporters the vaccine might indefinitely elude medicine's grasp: "It is possible that we may never develop a vaccine for HIV."
Nowinski himself is controversial in the biotechnology industry. He founded [Genetic Systems Corporation], Icos Corp. and PathoGenesis Corp., all in the Seattle area, and private investors in those companies' large start-up financings generally have profited.
But his launch-'em-and-leave-'em approach has drawn criticism that Nowinski is more interested in starting companies than shepherding them through to success.
Gp120 vaccines have advanced the furthest in human testing. But the shortcomings uncovered in those tests have led many researchers to conclude gp120 alone won't conquer AIDS.
"I hope that gp120 is at least partially effective -- it could be. However, I think we're better off to spend our money to develop vaccines that produce a broader immunity," said Nancy Haigwood, a virologist now at Seattle Biomedical Research Institute, who previously worked at [Chiron Corporation] developing that company's version of a gp120 vaccine.
Although gp120 does cause a significant immune response, she said, "we already know from safety trials that it's not completely efficacious, because (some) people who have been vaccinated with the Genentech product and the very similar Chiron product during safety trials became infected."
For many researchers, said Haigwood, "Life has definitely moved beyond the subunit gp120."
AIDSVAX, the vaccine championed by Nowinski's company, is termed a subunit gp120 vaccine because it uses a portion of the virus's glycoprotein coat with a molecular weight of 120,000.
According to the VaxGen prospectus being circulated in Seattle, the vaccine has been tested in chimpanzees, where it prevented infection from direct intravenous injection of HIV.
In addition, safety tests on 1,093 human volunteers showed no serious side effects, and almost all of them developed high levels of antibody against HIV. Such antibodies have been shown in laboratory tests -- outside the body -- to neutralize HIV, the prospectus states.
But the prospectus also acknowledges that among a high-risk group of 102 vaccine recipients, six did become HIV-infected during the three-year monitoring period.
The document blames that "breakthrough" effect on the existence of different strains of HIV, and says the clinical trials will include mixtures of vaccine variants aimed at different HIV mutations.
Haigwood said the gp120 vaccine's immune effect in chimpanzees has little predictive value. Both the [Chiron Corporation] and Genentech products did protect chimpanzees, but "we already know that it doesn't" work in humans to the same degree, she Haigwood.
One setback to the gp120 vaccine came in December when University of North Carolina researchers halted a test of Genentech's gp120 vaccine in patients already infected with HIV. They stopped halfway through the intended three-year trial after finding the vaccine didn't slow the disease's progress.
However, that failure as a therapeutic vaccine doesn't necessarily reflect on gp120's usefulness as a preventative.
Observers raise another issue as well. Antibodies attack the form of the HIV virus that appears outside the cell, but another type of immune response, called CTL, apparently is needed to attack HIV once it burrows inside normal human cells to begin replicating.
"Both modes of transmission must be addressed for a vaccine to be effective," said a recent status report on HIV vaccines by Drs. Matt Meldorf and [Dr. Lawrence A. Corey (born 1947)], both affiliated with the federally funded AIDS Vaccine Evaluation Unit run by the University of Washington and the [Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center].
Various trials of gp120 vaccines "have rarely elicited" that second type of response, according to the report.
Alternative approaches to creating immunity to HIV are in the early stages of testing. "There are some products that do appear to provide a broader immune response, and a more robust response," said Haigwood.
The AIDS Vaccine Evaluation Unit's recent report listed 13 candidate HIV vaccines, among them four gp120 vaccines.
Among the more promising prospects, according to the report, are those that pack a double punch, combining a subunit vaccine like gp120 with a vaccine based on HIV viral DNA spliced into another virus.
If gp120 turns out to produce some partial immunity in humans, it could be part of some future package of several vaccines, said Haigwood. "That I would support," she said.
Purified GP120 composition retaining natural conformation
Inventors
Nancy L Haigwood, Carl Scandella
Publication date
1997/12/9
Patent office
US
Patent number
5696238
Application number
08439286
Description
A method for purifying recombinant HTV gp120 so as to provide a glycopeptide having protein/protein binding prop erties substantially identical to natural viral HIV gp120, which comprises fractionating a composition containing crude gp120 sequentially using (1) ion exchange chromatography,(2) hydrophobic-interaction chromatography, and (3) size exclusion filtration, collecting at each step a fraction that exhibits specific binding affinity for CD4 peptide. The process is carried out in the absence of any affinity purification steps or any steps (such as reverse phase HPLC) that use contact protein with organic solvents. The product obtained by this method is a purified, full length, non-fusion recombinant HIV gp120 glycoprotein having protein/protein interaction properties substantially identical to gp120 as presented on an HIV virus, including binding affinity for CD4 and binding affinity for at least one antibody capable …
Total citations
1999
2000Scholar articles
Purified GP120 composition retaining natural conformation
NL Haigwood, C Scandella - US Patent 5,696,238, 1997
Cited by 9 Related articles All 2 versions
https://www.newspapers.com/image/508392414/?terms=%22nancy%20haigwood%22&match=1
2000-01-02-citizens-voice-wilkes-barre-pa-pg-27-clip-hiv-haigwood.jpg
2001-09-23-washington-post-trials-and-errors.pdf
Reviewed By Lorraine Adams / September 23, 2001
AIDS. A weariness descends at the sound of the acronym. The working surmise is that heterosexuality, monogamy, safe sex, no drugs, no streetwalkers, no Thai or sub-Saharan trysts are all the average citizen needs to know. Yes, 16,000 a day join the ranks of the infected. Yes, 20 million have died. Yes, 13 million have been orphaned. But death has little purchase, no matter its numbers, when the dead are despised or distant. Even those with compunctions about the responsibilities of superpower citizenship quaver at the tall wall of science to be scaled before informed judgments on AIDS can be made. We know something about an amazing but not curative cocktail of drugs that makes a longer, better life with AIDS possible. We might know such drugs are a luxury reserved for the First World. We might know their efficacy is not always consistent. Still, scientists somewhere will solve this one. Leave the science to them.
But as Patricia Thomas's Big Shot demonstrates, science needs an engaged and knowledgeable citizenry to defeat AIDS, because the best tactic is a vaccine, and after 10 years of hunting, science has failed to find one. The scientific search drew in Congress, the military, the National Institutes of Health (NIH), multinational drug companies, lawyers, biotech startups, academic laboratories, President Bill Clinton and the media. All helped, and harmed, in ways peculiar to them and to AIDS.
With a command of the science and a sensitive approach, Thomas takes the concerned citizen through it all, without hyperbole or shrillness. Congress listened to a powerful lobbyist, slipping money for his client's vaccine into the budget, which caused a scandal, which left Capitol Hill over-cautious on future vaccine funding. The military bogged down in infighting, so vaccine trials were delayed for years. NIH was great at making committees, but the committees were lousy at making decisions; hence none of the 13 most promising vaccine candidates got the NIH support needed for the risky but necessary human trials to be conducted. Drug companies, made to make profits, devoted resources to developing drugs taken daily for years rather than a cheap vaccine taken once. Lawyers advised against human trials -- if a vaccine failed and people died, the lawsuits could bankrupt a company. Biotech startups, small and independent, weren't set up to share discoveries or agree on standards, plus they depended on NIH or the military or big drug companies to put their potential vaccines through massive human trials -- which the big guys failed to do. Academic researchers were hobbled by their culture's embedded snobbery against the human-trial empiricists. President Clinton called for an AIDS campaign in late 1996 after listening to a presentation about this stumbling mess but never followed through. The media partially understood most of it and, by not going deeper, helped sink good ideas.
Thomas's account can be compared with a book published earlier this year on this complicated subject: the smart and authoritative Shots in the Dark by Jon Cohen, a writer for Science. Expecting to spend a year chronicling how a vaccine was discovered, Cohen spent 10, a demoralizing extension that could have buried a lesser writer. Thomas began her book in 1997. She covers the same facts as Cohen but employs some of the conveniences of compelling characters, dramatic scenes and suspense to help you get through the brain-numbing science. Cohen is more analytical, and he comes to a conclusion, advocating a March of Dimes approach to developing an AIDS vaccine similar to the strategy that finally wiped out polio. Thomas makes no overt recommendation, but in the way it is told her book reveals one fairly clearly.
She looks at the vaccine hunt through the eyes of the young scientists who first became obsessed with it back in 1982 and stuck with it for almost 20 years. She refrains from idealizing their initial motives: "Although it would be romantic to think that scientists throw themselves at a new infectious scourge because it vexes their curiosity or stirs pity and terror in their hearts, that isn't how it works." These virologists and molecular biologists "tackle problems that they believe they are equipped to solve."
By the '90s, all they had -- heart, intellect, wits, career, life -- were engaged in the effort. Thomas's implied argument is that such encompassing commitment had everything to do with the little progress made in the last decade on finding a vaccine. There is [Dr. Phillip Wayne Berman (born 1948)], then 34, ordered by biotech management not to work on an AIDS vaccine but who "in his free time at Genentech worked on a vaccine anyway." There is Kathy Steimer, 34, a virologist prone to depression who "was surrounded by men who never lost sleep wondering whether they were wrong about anything," and who still won respect by her meticulous work and willingness to disclose flaws in her version of the vaccine. There is Nancy Haigwood, 31, a molecular biologist whose vaccine was ridiculed for years as "weird science" or "cold fusion." Thomas is great on the forces and individuals -- policy makers, investors, CEOs -- that intentionally and unintentionally thwarted these scientists. Her portrait of NIH's Tony Fauci is damning yet sympathetic. She astutely calls him "a productive narcissist," showing him strutting but sensitive, brilliant but feeble. The chapters on the summer of 1994 that feature him and bring all the hopeful vaccine scientists together are dramatic. We can't help concluding that that summer Fauci crushed the vaccine hunt for years.
This is cheating, of course -- we should be able to read about important issues without these kinds of novelistic tricks. But the science in this tale is so demanding, the types of vaccines being developed so critical to describe, along with the many groups of scientists working on them, that even Thomas's book is difficult, at least in parts. But a third of the way in, you are conversant -- almost proud of it, too -- with all the details, and Thomas's account truly takes off.
Because her book appeared later than Cohen's, Thomas ends with more hopeful news about vaccine trials pushed through because of the mad-dog determination of a retrovirologist biotech entrepreneur named Robert Nowinski and a veteran vaccinologist, Donald Francis. "Tightly wound" and possessing "a mouth like an Uzi," the passionate Francis played important roles in testing vaccines for smallpox and hepatitis B. Results of the massive vaccine trials by their company, VaxGen, are at least a year off, and Thomas is not so unsubtle as to suggest that Francis and Nowinski's heroics will win the day. But anyone trying to understand this issue knows after reading her book that a kind of driven, brilliant passion is what the AIDS fight needs. *
Lorraine Adams is a staff writer for The Washington Post.
http://www.pbs.org/endingaids/credits.html
"Ending AIDS - The Search or a Vaccine"
2005
September 2005
Journal of Virology 79(16):10103-7
DOI:10.1128/JVI.79.16.10103-10107.2005
Source
Authors:
Monogram Biosciences: A LabCorp Specialty Testing Group
2006 (Aug)
August 2006
Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS 1(4):301-8
DOI:10.1097/01.COH.0000232345.31156.eb
Source
Authors:
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HIV-1 neutralizing antibodies are directed to the Envelope glycoprotein trimer on the surface of the virion and block entry into target cells in vitro. During infection, closely related but distinct variants arise in infected individuals, and the interplay of Envelope and neutralizing antibodies is a dynamic process. Vaccines that generate neutralizing antibodies and drugs that inhibit entry must address the issue of variation of subtypes worldwide. The purpose of this review is to summarize major advances in the neutralizing antibody field published during 2005 and early 2006. The main themes that are covered in this review include new findings in the development of neutralizing antibodies during natural and experimental infection, characterization of monoclonal antibodies with neutralizing activity, Envelope structural data, the development of novel Envelope constructs, and novel approaches designed to generate neutralizing antibodies by vaccination. Advances leading to a better understanding of the structure of the Envelope and the character of neutralizing antibodies that develop during the course of infection have provided important clues to guide the design of better immunogens and drugs to block attachment. These findings have implications for prophylactic and therapeutic vaccine approaches, drugs, and antibody-based therapies to reduce HIV transmission.
haigwood2006.pdf
Name : Nancy Logan Haigwood
Gender : Female
Marriage Date : 17 Dec 2008
Marriage Place : Multnomah, Oregon, USA
Spouse : Andy Carlton Mc Niece
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/272844225_HIV_Tied_down_by_its_own_receptor
February 2015
Nature 519(7541)
Source
Authors:
2015-02-nature-magazine-hiv-tied-down-by-its-own-receptor.pdf
2015-02-nature-magazine-hiv-tied-down-by-its-own-receptor-pg-01
2015-02-nature-magazine-hiv-tied-down-by-its-own-receptor-pg-02
October 2016
Conference: Conference on HIV Research for Prevention (HIV R4P)
Volume: 32
Project: Antibody-based therapies
Authors:
Amarendra Pegu,Ann J. Hessell,John R. Mascola,Nancy L. Haigwood
First published: 30 January 2017 https://doi.org/10.1111/imr.12511Citations: 90
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/imr.12511
2017-immunological-reviews-use-of-broadly-neutralizing-antibodies-for-hiv1-prevention.pdf
2017-immunological-reviews-use-of-broadly-neutralizing-antibodies-for-hiv1-prevention-pg-296.jpg
Summary
Antibodies have a long history in antiviral therapy, but until recently, they have not been actively pursued for HIV-1 due to modest potency and breadth of early human monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) and perceived insurmountable technical, financial, and logistical hurdles. Recent advances in the identification and characterization of MAbs with the ability to potently neutralize diverse HIV-1 isolates have reinvigorated discussion and testing of these products in humans, since new broadly neutralizing MAbs (bnMAbs) are more likely to be effective against worldwide strains of HIV-1. In animal models, there is abundant evidence that bnMAbs can block infection in a dose-dependent manner, and the more potent bnMAbs will allow clinical testing at infusion doses that are practically achievable. Moreover, recent advances in antibody engineering are providing further improvements in MAb potency, breadth, and half-life. This review summarizes the current state of the field of bnMAb protection in animal models as well as a review of variables that are critical for antiviral activity. Several bnMAbs are currently in clinical testing, and we offer perspectives on their use as pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), potential benefits beyond sterilizing immunity, and a discussion of future approaches to engineer novel molecules.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31513771/
Meta-Analysis
Cell Host Microbe
. 2019 Sep 11;26(3):336-346.e3. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2019.08.014.
Amarendra Pegu 1, Bhavesh Borate 2, Yunda Huang 3, Matthias G Pauthner 4, Ann J Hessell 5, Boris Julg 6, Nicole A Doria-Rose 1, Stephen D Schmidt 1, Lindsay N Carpp 2, Michelle D Cully 1, Xuejun Chen 1, George M Shaw 7, Dan H Barouch 8, Nancy L Haigwood 5, Lawrence Corey 2, Dennis R Burton 9, Mario Roederer 1, Peter B Gilbert 10, John R Mascola 11, Ying Huang 12
Affiliations expand
PMID: 31513771
PMCID: PMC6755677
Free PMC article
Passively administered broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) targeting the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (Env) have been shown to protect non-human primates (NHPs) against chimeric simian-human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) infection. With data from multiple non-human primate SHIV challenge studies that used single bNAbs, we conducted a meta-analysis to examine the relationship between predicted serum 50% neutralization titer (ID50) against the challenge virus and infection outcome. In a logistic model that adjusts for bNAb epitopes and challenge viruses, serum ID50 had a highly significant effect on infection risk (p < 0.001). The estimated ID50 to achieve 50%, 75%, and 95% protection was 91 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 55, 153), 219 (117, 410), and 685 (319, 1471), respectively. This analysis indicates that serum neutralizing titer against the relevant virus is a key parameter of protection and that protection from acquisition by a single bNAb might require substantial levels of neutralization at the time of exposure.
Keywords: SHIV challenge; broad neutralizing antibodies; correlates of protection; meta-analysis; non-human primate studies.
Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Declaration of Interests: John Mascola and Mario Roederer are listed as inventors on NIH patents, or patent applications for 10E8, N6LS, VRC01, VRC01LS, and VRC07–523LS. Dennis Burton is listed as an inventor on patents for b12, PG9, PGT121, PGT126, and PGDM1400. He is also on the Executive Advisory Board of HVTN and the SAWG of the VRC and is a paid consultant of IAVI.
Mother
https://obits.oregonlive.com/us/obituaries/oregon/name/nancy-haigwood-obituary?id=14483805
2019-11-07-legacy-com-oregonlive-obituaries-nancy-dobbins-haigwood.pdf
Nancy Dobbins 'Nan' Haigwood
May 2, 1926 - Nov. 7, 2019
The family of Nan Haigwood is sad to announce that she passed away Thursday, Nov. 7, 2019, after a short illness.
Nan was a native of Yadkinville, N.C., who graduated from the University of North Carolina at Greensboro, which at the time was called "Woman's College" of the University of North Carolina. She excelled in her field of home economics and was a superb mother and wife to her daughter, Nancy and her husband, Paul B. Haigwood, Colonel, USMC (retired). Paul's career took the family to New York (General Electric), where Nan taught first grade and went to diction school at the request of the school--to lose her southern accent, which she did. He then rejoined the U.S. Marine Corps, which led to many new homes in Wrightsville Beach, N.C., Camp Pendleton and Oceanside in Southern California, Quantico and Annandale, Virginia, Bangkok, Thailand, El Toro and Santa Ana, California, Camp Lejeune, North Carolina, Newport, Rhode Island, and Raleigh, N.C. Nan volunteered for many organizations, and she also taught school in Bangkok at the International School of Bangkok (1963-1965). When Paul joined the executive team as Executive Secretary at AMF in New York, they lived in Stamford and New Canaan and traveled extensively in Europe playing golf, touring museums and enjoying many of the world's treasures. They retired to Alamo, Calif., to be close to the grandchildren.
After Paul's death in 1992, Nan followed her daughter to Seattle (1992-2007), helping to raise her grandsons, Nathan, Ben and Aiden Scandella and teaching them to love golf, gardening and Star Trek reruns and the importance of art, literature and travel to other cultures. She traveled to Italy, Spain and the United Kingdom to visit art and gardens. Nan moved again in 2007 to Portland, where she established many new friendships at Claremont and more recently at Terwilliger Plaza. When Nancy married Andy McNiece in 2008, Nan gained another grandson, Kelly, along with his extended family.
She earned her private pilot's license and was an avid sailor on the New River while at Camp Lejeune, N.C. Thanks to two years in Bangkok, Thailand, she spoke Thai and loved and collected, all things Asian. She had an outstanding golf game, was actively engaged with news, art, music and literature and immensely enjoyed her role as a cook and hostess. Nan loved her family and her friends, especially those who so greatly enriched her final years while she lived at Terwilliger Plaza.
She is survived by her sisters, Ruth and Grace; her brother, Charles and their families; her daughter and son-in-law and; her four grandsons. She maintained especially close ties with her sister, Ruth and with the Brookshire arm of the family, nieces Ann and Jane and great nephew Jeff and his family.
Those who are inclined to remember her in some way are encouraged to donate to the Portland Japanese Garden, the Lan Su Chinese Garden, the Portland Art Museum, the Audubon Society, or to buy a book at Powell's, read it, talk about it, and pass it on. A celebration of life will be held at Terwilliger Plaza early in the New Year.
https://prabook.com/web/paul_bentley.haigwood/55571
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https://drive.google.com/file/d/1vISYynjvJh-MAc58TAm2PKOV9QjAo6kl/view?usp=sharing
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2021-11-03-prabook-com-paul-bentley-haigwood.pdf
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1V2nO3BnS5sufB8i0PAgL6WwLJE0VglpP/view?usp=sharing
Paul Bentley Haigwood Edit Profile
Paul Bentley Haigwood, American manufacturing company executive, former marine corps officer. Decorated Legion of Merit. Member American Society Corporate Secretaries, Retired Officers Association.
Haigwood, Paul Bentley was born on December 25, 1922 in N. Wilkesboro, North Carolina, United States.
Bachelor of Science in Commerce, University North Carolina, 1947. Master of Arts in Personnel Management, George Washington University, 1963. Master of Science in International Affairs, George Washington University, 1969.
Business management trainee General Electric Company, Schenectady, 1947-1951. Commissioned 1st lieutenant United States Marine Corps, 1951, advanced through grades to colonel, 1968. Senior marine advisor Thai Marine Corps., 1960-1963.
Commander battalion 6th Marines, 1963-1965, regimental Commander, 1969-1970. Plans officer Vietnam, 1965-1966. Chief staff 2d marine division, 1970-1971.
Chief staff III Marine Amphibious Forces, Vietnam, 1972-1973. Retired, 1973; assistant secretary American Machine and Foundry Inc., White Plains, New York, 1973-1976, vice president, secretary, since 1976. Also director numerous subsidiary.
Paul Bentley Haigwood has been listed as a noteworthy company executive, officer by Marquis Who's Who.
Member American Society Corporate Secretaries, Retired Officers Association.
Son of Thomas Jefferson and Octavia (Bentley) H. M. Nancy Dobbins, April 21, 1945. 1 daughter, Nancy Logan Haigwood.
Father:
Thomas Jefferson Haigwood
Mother:
Octavia (Bentley) Haigwood
Education
1947
University North Carolina , Commerce , Bachelor of Science
1963
George Washington University , Personnel Management , Master of Arts
1969
George Washington University , International Affairs , Master of Science
Career
vice president secretary , American Machine and Foundry Incorporated
secretary secretary , American Machine and Foundry Incorporated
1947 - 1951
Business management trainee , General Electric Company
Schenectady, New York, United States
1951
commissioned 1st lieutenant , United States Marine Corps
1960 - 1963
senior marine advisor , Thai Marine Corps
1963 - 1965
Commander battalion 6th Marines
1965 - 1966
plans officer , Vietnam
1968
commissioned 1st lieutenant , United States Marine Corps
1969 - 1970
Commander battalion 6th Marines
1972 - 1973
chief staff , The third Marine Amphibious Forces
Vietnam
1973 - 1976
assistant secretary , American Machine and Foundry Incorporated
White Plains, New York, United States
1973
retired