Chapter 10
EXPANSION AND GROWTH
Embedded Files
THE MIGHTY MISSISSIPPI
ESSENTIAL CHAPTER QUESTION
ESSENTIAL CHAPTER QUESTION
How did new industries and inventions transform the United States economically, socially, and geographically?
AMERICA'S FIRST INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
AMERICA'S FIRST INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
FROM FARM TO FACTORY | INNOVATIONS AND INVENTIONS | ROADS, RAILROADS, AND CANALS | THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER
Industrialization in the early 19th century transformed the ways in which Americans lived and worked.
New inventions made American workers more productive, created new industries, and contributed to the nation’s economic growth.
Between 1800 and 1850, the United States built the most advanced transportation network in the world.
The mighty Mississippi is the largest river in North America and one of the largest in the world. It lies entirely within the United States and flows south from Minnesota, collecting water from the Ohio and Missouri rivers and spilling from Louisiana into the Gulf of Mexico. As one of the world’s busiest commercial waterways, the river is the lifeblood of a highly industrialized country.
PLANTATIONS & SLAVERY SPREAD
PLANTATIONS & SLAVERY SPREAD
GROWTH OF THE COTTON INDUSTRY | SLAVERY AND RESISTANCE
A new invention enabled southern plantation owners to grow more crops and increase profits.
People trapped in the institution of slavery created a culture of survival, resistance, and, ultimately, rebellion.
NATIONALISM AND SECTIONALISM
NATIONALISM AND SECTIONALISM
A YOUNG NATION EXPANDS | INCREASING REGIONAL TENSIONS | THE MONROE DOCTRINE | WOMEN IN THE EARLY REPUBLIC
Americans developed a strong national identity during the administrations of presidents James Madison and James Monroe.
As the United States expanded its territory and its power, it negotiated how each new state would deal with the issue of slavery.
In the early 19th century, the United States began to position itself as a world power. One part of that new role for the young country, according to President James Monroe, was protecting countries in Central and South America from future interference from European monarchies. The Monroe Doctrine, as his 1823 statement came to be known, would shape U.S. foreign policy for more than a century.
Increased access to education and the rise of women’s organizations expanded women’s roles in the early republic.
REVIEW
REVIEW
VOCABULARY
VOCABULARY
Factory System - (n.) a method of production in which large crews of people perform work in one location
Industrial Revolution - (n.) an era in which widespread production by machinery replaced goods made by hand
Interchangeable Parts -(n.) parts of a mechanism that can be substituted one for another
Market Revolution - (n.) the transition from a pre-industrial economy to a market-oriented, capitalist economy
Reaper - (n.) a machine that cuts stalks of wheat or oats
Steamboat - (n.) a boat outfitted with steam boiler engines to power the paddle wheels that propel it forward
Strike - (n.) a work stoppage in order to force an employer to comply with demands
Telegraph - (n.) a machine that sends messages long distances by sending electrical pulses in code over electrical wires
Textile - (n.) the cloth and clothing made from cotton and other raw materials
Antebellum - (adj.) before the American Civil War
Cotton Gin - (n.) a machine that separates the cotton seeds and hulls from the cotton boll (tuft of cotton)
Interstate Slave Trade - (n.) the buying and selling of slaves within the United States
Passive Resistance - (n.) a nonviolent refusal to obey authority and laws
Spirituals - (n. ) a religious song based on scripture and biblical figures in the Bible, first sun by enslaved people in the South
Abolition - (n.) the act of putting an end to something, such as slavery
American System - (n.) a policy of promoting the U.S. industrial system through the use of tariffs, federal subsidies to build roads and other public works, and a national bank to control currency
Implied Power - (n.) a power not explicitly stated in the Constitution
Missouri Compromise - (n.) an agreement that stated the people of Missouri could own slaves and be admitted to the Union along with Maine, a free state
Monopoly - (n.) the complete and exclusive control of an industry by one company
Monroe Doctrine - (n.) an approach that stated the American continents were no longer under European influence
Nationalism - (n.) the concept of loyalty and devotion to one's nation
Republican Motherhood - (n.) the idea that women should raise their children to be good citizens who participate in the government
Sectionalism - (n.) a loyalty to whichever section or region of the country one was from, rather than to the nation as a whole
Subsidy - (n.) government funds for improvements or support of commerce
Unorganized Territory - (n.) lands governed by the federal government but not belonging to any state
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