cHEMISTRY-II

Experiment 8

Aim of the Experiment

Identification of a given Inorganic Salt Mixture

Principle

Qualitative analysis involves the detection and identification of acidic and basic radicals present in inorganic salts. Inorganic salts are formed by the reaction of acids and bases or acidic oxides with a base or basic oxides.

Most of the inorganic compounds are crystalline solids they have defined geometrical shapes. Usually, they consist of oppositely charged particles or ions called radicals.

In the salt analysis, two fundamental principles of great use

1. Solubility Product

2. Common Ion Effect

1. Solubility Product:

Solubility product is defined as a product of ion concentrations elevated to a power equal to the number of occurrences of ions in an equation representing electrolyte dissociation at a given temperature when the solution is saturated. Under all conditions, the solubility product is not the ionic product, but only if the solution is saturated.

2. Common Ion Effect:

The phenomenon that suppresses the degree of dissociation of any weak electrolyte by adding a small amount of strong electrolyte that contains a common ion is called the common ion effect. For example, by adding a strong electrolyte sodium acetate containing common acetate ion, ionization of weak electrolyte acetic acid is suppressed.

Result

1. The given salt contains ________anion and ________________cation.

Conclusion

1. The given salt contains ________anion and ________________cation.

Reference Material

1. Vogel’s textbook of quantitative Chemical Analysis.

link:

Questions

1. Explain what are buffers.

2. What is solubility? How does it affect qualitative analysis of salt?