The Affect of Urbanization
The Industrial Revolution and rapid urbanization drastically changed the way people live. Having many people live in the same dense area brought job opportunities, the development of infrastructure and social structure changes. On the other hand it brought poor living conditions, inadequate housing, and overcrowding. The density of populations in cities are also the perfect breeding ground for disease to take place. https://www.history.com/articles/industrial-revolution-cities(source)
Infrastructure and Disease
Safe and sanitary environments are extremely important to stay safe and healthy against disease. Unfortunately during the early stages of the Industrial revolution the plumbing and sewage infrastructure wasn't able to handle the influx of people moving into the cities. This caused the spread of disease in cities to quicken and outbreaks to start. https://schoolhistory.co.uk/notes/public-health-during-the-industrial-revolution/ (source)