Many universities award scholarships and financial aid to help students afford the cost of attendance. It is important to make the distinction between merit-based scholarships and need-based financial aid.
1. Merit-based scholarships are used by universities to attract the best students to their campus. An award of $5,000, $10,000, or more per year is sometimes offered to students with a strong academic profile or to someone the university thinks will make a positive impact on their campus in leadership, sports, etc. Universities use this “discount” on tuition to attract a diverse mix of students to their campus. Students offered merit scholarships are typically in the top 10-20% of the applicant pool for a particular college or university. Highly selective universities and liberal arts colleges do not have a problem attracting top students from around the world, so normally do not have merit scholarships and reserve all of their financial aid money for need-based financial aid.
Where should you look when interested in merit-based scholarships? We have put together a list of universities that offer significant merit based scholarships. It is not all-inclusive list but is meant to give you a start on where to look. The U.S. is the most generous with merit-based aid. Smaller, less-selective, or more rural universities often want to attract international students. Most universities and colleges will have a section of their website entitled “Financial Aid and Scholarships,” and that will list the opportunities available and who is eligible. Some universities will automatically consider students for merit scholarships, and for others you will need to submit a separate/earlier application.
2. Need-based financial aid is a different category of money given to students by universities to help make their university more affordable for their family. In the simplest terms, the university will look at your family’s finances (income, assets, number of siblings, etc.) and estimate how much they think your family can afford to pay each year for your university education. This number is called the EFC (Expected Family Contribution). Once they’ve established how much your family can afford, if they accept you, they will put together a “financial aid package” which will spell out the funding available to you for university. This package might include:
University grants – you don’t need to pay back
Merit-based scholarships – you don’t need to pay back
On-campus employment – you will work on campus to help fund your education
Student loans – money you will have to pay back after you graduate
There may be a “gap” in your financial aid package, meaning the university has not met your full need. For example, the full tuition might be $50,000 per year, and your EFC is $20,000. But the university is only giving you a financial aid package of $20,000. There is a $10,000 gap in this package and they are asking your family to somehow come up with the extra $10,000 to attend, usually through loans. So it may be important to apply to a university that you know will meet your full need. This is a great question for an admissions office if you are a student applying for financial aid. Sometimes, applying for need-based financial aid makes it harder to be admitted (because you are competing for a limited pool of funding); read more about that below.
3. Davis United World Scholars Program
Since 2000, Mr. Shelby Davis, a long time supporter of the UWC movement, has generously supported UWC students enrolling at over 100 partner universities and colleges in the United States. The Davis Scholarship is available to UWC graduates who apply for need-based financial aid and are eligible on the basis of family income/assets.
Not all Davis schools offer a full scholarship, but many of them do. To find these, students can go to MaiaLearning and click on "Universities" on the left side of the screen. Then, underneath the word "Search," click on a button labeled "University Lists." The ones offering up to a 100% scholarship start with the words "Fully Fund."
So, if I can only afford a portion of the tuition, will that affect my admission?
In most parts of the world like the UK, Canada, Europe, Asia, Australia, if you are applying to their university, they are under the impression that you know how much the fees are and your family is capable of paying the full tuition costs. Often you don’t have to prove you can afford the tuition until you go to get your student visa at the respective embassy.
However, in the US the answer to that is a bit more nuanced. There is a group of colleges in the US that are need-blind for international students (Amherst, Bowdoin, Brown, Dartmouth, Harvard, MIT, Notre Dame, Princeton, Washington & Lee, Yale) and their admissions committee reads applications with no reference to your ability to pay the tuition. All other universities in the US are need-aware, which means they are looking at your ability to pay (and how much) as a factor in your admissibility to their institution. Their financial aid budget won’t allow them to enroll an entire class of students who need a scholarship, it's just not sustainable. So the admissions and financial aid office have to carefully balance the amount of aid they “spend” on students.
How will they assess my family's ability to pay?
There are a few different methods that a university in the US will use to assess your family’s financial situation. A popular one is the CSS Profile. This is an online form that you will complete and then send electronically to the universities. You must pay a fee to use the CSS Profile; however, some universities offer fee waivers for students with significant financial need. Speak with your university advisor to see if you qualify for a fee waiver. Some universities also accept alternate forms such as the ISFAA and ISAFA which can be submitted for free.
Other universities will ask to see a certificate of finances (example here) and bank statement as part of the application to prove that you are a viable applicant in terms of your ability to pay. This is used because international students will not be able to get a visa to study in the US without proof that they can cover the full cost of attending.
If you are a US citizen, you may be also asked to fill out the FAFSA, a financial aid form used by the government to assess financial need and give citizens access to loans and grants. Please note that you may not be able to access the FAFSA website in Singapore without a VPN; contact your University Advisor for help.