Studies of cognition typically identify 4-5 domains. While there may be somewhat different labels, these domains include episodic memory, executive function, semantic memory, attention, and visual-spatial ability. Episodic memory is most sensitive to brain changes, especially though not limited to Alzheimer’s disease. Executive function is also sensitive to brain changes and is thought to be particularly sensitive to cerebrovascular disease. Semantic memory measures crystallized ability that is stable farther into the lifespan than episodic memory and executive function. Semantic memory is less sensitive to early cognitive changes but is a very good measure of disease progression once effects show up because it is very reliable across assessments. We chose to not routinely measure visual-spatial ability because of time constraints and prioritizing the other three domains. Attention tests are often included in measures of executive function, but in of themselves, tend to be less robust indicators of late life brain changes.
Additional information regarding the development and administration of the SENAS can be found here: https://doi.org/10.1037/1040-3590.16.4.347