Standard

Fluently multiply multi-digit whole numbers using the standard algorithm.

Student Language:

"I can multiply multi-digit whole numbers."

Explanation

About the Math, Learning Targets, and Rigor

This standard builds upon students’ work with multiplying numbers in third and fourth grade. In fourth grade, students developed understanding of multiplication through using various strategies. Students can continue to use these different strategies as long as they are efficient, but must also understand and be able to use the standard algorithm. In applying the standard algorithm, students recognize the importance of place value.

See Multiplication Strategies

Resources

Videos

• Instructional Video (10:51 - 14:30)
• Khan Academy
  • Scroll to 5.NBT.5, click on skill, find videos on left side of each skill
• Learn Zillion
• Virtual Nerd

EngageNY Lessons

Extra Practice

• North Carolina Tasks
• Illustrative Math Tasks
• Howard County Tasks
  • Click on 5th grade at bottom, then 5.NBT.5
• Common Core Sheets

Released Assessment Questions

PARCC

Common Core State Standards

5.NBT.5

Fluently multiply multi-digit whole numbers using the standard algorithm.

• Tasks assess accuracy. The given factors are such as to require an efficient/standard algorithm (e.g., 26 x 4871).
• Factors in the task do not suggest any obvious ad hoc or mental strategy (as would be present for example in a case such as 7250 x 40).
• Tasks do not have a context.
• For purposes of assessment, the possibilities are 1-digit x 2-digit, 1-digit x 3- digit, 2-digit x 3-digit, or 2-digit x 4-digit
• Tasks are not timed.

Performance Indicators: 5.NBT.5, 5.Int.1, 5.Int.2

Level 5: Exceeds Expectations

Solves two-step unscaffolded word problems involving multiplication and multiplies four-digit by two-digit whole numbers using the standard algorithm.

Performs exact and approximate multiplications and divisions by mentally applying place value strategies when appropriate.

Accurately multiplies multi-digit whole numbers using the standard algorithm and assesses reasonableness of the product.

Level 4: Meets Expectations

Solves two-step scaffolded word problems involving multiplication of a three-digit by a one-digit whole number.

Accurately multiplies multi-digit whole numbers using the standard algorithm.

Integrated Standards

5.Int.1

Solve one-step word problems involving multiplying multi-digit whole numbers.

• The given factors are such as to require an efficient/standard algorithm (e.g., 726 x 4871). Factors in the task do not suggest any obvious ad hoc or mental strategy (as would be present for example in a case such as 7250 x 400).
• For purposes of assessment, the possibilities for multiplication are 1-digit x 2- digit, 1-digit x 3-digit, 2-digit x 3-digit, 2-digit x 4-digit, or 3-digit x 3-digit.
• Word problems shall include a variety of grade-level appropriate applications and contexts.

5.Int.2

Solve word problems involving multiplication of three two-digit numbers.

• The given factors are such as to require an efficient/standard algorithm (e.g., 76 x 48 x 39). Factors in the task do not suggest any obvious ad hoc or mental strategy (as would be present for example in a case such as 50 x 20 x 15).
• Word problems shall include a variety of grade-level appropriate applications and contexts.

5.NBT.Int.1

Perform exact or approximate multiplications and/or divisions that are best done mentally by applying concepts of place value, rather than by applying multi-digit algorithms or written strategies.

Performance Indicators: 5.NBT.Int.1

Level 5: Exceeds Expectations

Multiplies tenths by tenths or tenths by hundredths and divides in problems involving tenths and/or hundredths using concrete models or drawings and strategies based on place value, properties of operations and/or the relationship between addition and subtraction. Performs exact and approximate multiplications and divisions by mentally applying place value strategies when appropriate. Relates the strategy to a written method.

Level 4: Meets Expectations

Multiplies tenths by tenths or tenths by hundredths and divides in problems involving tenths and/or hundredths using concrete models or drawings and strategies based on place value, properties of operations and/or the relationship between addition and subtraction. Relates the strategy to a written method.