Standard

Use the four operations to solve word problems involving distances, intervals of time, liquid volumes, masses of objects, and money, including problems involving simple fractions or decimals, and problems that require expressing measurements given in a larger unit in terms of a smaller unit. Represent measurement quantities using diagrams such as number line diagrams that feature a measurement scale.

Explanation

About the Math, Learning Targets, & Rigor

This standard includes multi-step word problems related to expressing measurements from a larger unit in terms of a smaller unit (e.g., feet to inches, meters to centimeter, dollars to cents).

Students should have ample opportunities to use number line diagrams to solve word problems.

• Addition: Mason ran for an hour and 15 minutes on Monday, 25 minutes on Tuesday, and 40 minutes on Wednesday. What was the total number of minutes Mason ran?
• Subtraction: A pound of apples costs $1.20. Rachel bought a pound and a half of apples. If she gave the clerk a $5.00 bill, how much change will she get back?
• Multiplication: Mario and his 2 brothers are selling lemonade. Mario brought one and a half liters, Javier brought 2 liters, and Ernesto brought 450 milliliters. How many total milliliters of lemonade did the boys have?
• Number line diagram: At 7:00 a.m. Melisa wakes up to go to school. It takes her 8 minutes to shower, 9 minutes to get dressed and 17 minutes to eat breakfast. How many minutes does she have until the bus comes at 8:00 a.m.? Use the number line to help solve the problem.

Resources

Videos

• Khan Academy (scroll to find 4.MD.2 - click on a skill)
  • Videos (on left side in each skill)
• Learn Zillion
  • Videos

EngageNY Lessons

• Module 2, Topic B, Lesson 5: Use addition and subtraction to solve multi-step word problems involving length, mass, and capacity.
• Module 6, Topic E, Lesson 15: Express money amounts given in various forms as decimal numbers.
• Module 6, Topic E, Lesson 16: Solve word problems involving money.
• Module 7, Topic B, Lesson 6: Solve problems involving mixed units of capacity.
• Module 7, Topic B, Lesson 8: Solve problems involving mixed units of weight.
• Module 7, Topic B, Lesson 9: Solve problems involving mixed units of time.
• Module 7, Topic C, Lesson 14: Solve multi-step word problems involving converting mixed number measurements to a single unit.

Extra Practice

• North Carolina Tasks
• Illustrative Math Tasks
• Howard County Tasks
  • Click on 4th grade at bottom, then 4.MD.2
• Common Core Sheets

Released Assessment Questions

PARCC

4.MD.2-1

Use the four operations to solve word problems involving distances, intervals of time, liquid volumes, masses of objects, and money, in problems that require expressing measurements given in a larger unit in terms of a smaller unit. Represent measurement quantities using diagrams such as number line diagrams that feature a measurement scale.

• Situations involve whole number measurements and require expressing measurements given in a larger unit in terms of a smaller unit.
• Tasks may present number line diagrams featuring a measurement scale.
• Tasks may include measuring distances to the nearest cm or mm.
• Units of mass are limited to grams and kilograms.

4.MD.2-2

Use the four operations to solve word problems involving distances, intervals of time, liquid volumes, masses of objects, and money, in problems involving simple fractions. Represent measurement quantities using diagrams such as number line diagrams that feature a measurement scale.

• Situations involve two measurements given in the same units, one a whole-number measurement and the other a non-whole-number measurement (given as a fraction).
• Tasks may present number line diagrams featuring a measurement scale.
• Tasks may include measuring distances to the nearest cm or mm.
• Units of mass are limited to grams and kilograms.
• Tasks will not include division of fractions.

Performance Indicators: 4.MD.2-1, 4.MD.2-2

Level 5: Exceeds Expectations

• Solves measurement word problems involving whole numbers which include calculation of area and perimeter – including those in which side lengths are missing – using all four operations.
• Solves measurement word problems which include calculation of area and perimeter – including those in which side lengths are missing – using addition, subtraction, and multiplication of simple fractions.
• Records measurement equivalents in a two-column table.
• Uses knowledge of measurement units within one system to solve word problems, real-world problems, and mathematical problems involving converting from larger units to smaller units.
• Represents measurement quantities using diagrams such as number line diagrams that require students to provide the appropriate measurement scale given the context.

Level 4: Meets Expectations

• Solves measurement word problems involving whole numbers which include calculation of area and perimeter – when information about side lengths is provided – using all four operations.
• Solves measurement word problems which include calculation of area and perimeter – when information about side lengths is provided – using addition, subtraction, and multiplication of simple fractions.
• Records measurement equivalents in a two-column table.
• Uses knowledge of measurement units within one system to solve word problems, real-world problems and mathematical problems involving converting from larger units to smaller units.
• Represents measurement quantities using diagrams such as number line diagrams that feature a measurement scale.

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