Maxwell's Equations (馬克士威方程式): a set of four fundamental equations that describe electromagnetism.
Electromagnetic Wave (電磁波): a wave generated by time-varying electric and magnetic fields, propagating through space.
Transverse Wave (橫波): a wave in which the oscillations are perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation.
Poynting Vector (波印廷向量): a vector representing the directional energy flux (the rate of energy transfer per unit area) of an electromagnetic field.
Monochromatic Wave (單色波): an electromagnetic wave with a single frequency.
Wavelength (波長): the distance between two successive crests or troughs of a harmonic wave.
Wavenumber (波數): period in space; the number of wavelengths per unit distance.
Frequency (頻率): period in time; the number of wavelengths per unit time.
Index of Refraction (折射率): a measure of how much a material slows down the speed of light.