Does the idea of the “global” still animate Catholic action in our contemporary world? Currently, scholars of Catholicism who study the early modern world focus on transregional connectedness and colonization as part of the story about the emergence of a global Catholicism. Broadly speaking, the study of modern Catholicism emphasizes the local, or the national, with attention to borderlands. This call seeks to explore these different modes of scholarly attention. Does it reflect a shift or difference in the understanding of what Catholicism “is” for practitioners, past and present?