Environmental Engineering

Panampilly Nagar is a high-end hybrid residential commercial neighbourhood in Kadavanthra region of city of Kochi.Due to high urbanisation,the impervious surfaces such as pavements prevent the seepage of ground water directly into ground.So flooding has become a major concern faced by the people in every year due to heavy rain.The buildings also resist the flow of runoff water.Urban waste and household waste blocks the drainage path.As water runs rapidly into storm drains,sewer systems and drainage ditches can cause urban flooding,erosion and infrastructural damage.The main aim of the project is to propose a proper design and scientific management of urban flood in selected study area.Understanding of land cover,soil features,rainfall intensities and surface elevation has become necessary.As Panampilly Nagar is a low lying land and no adequate slope is provided for the water runoff.So providing proper slope is necessary for water flow.And another issue arising is waste from various sources blocks the drain due to sudden flow.So design of pipe which is provided inside the drain has to be done using AutoCAD Civil 3D.Ductile iron pipes are laid in existing drain ditches where the sullage from commercial complexes and storm water that runoffs is collected. The runoff is collected by constructing a storm water collector inlet chamber made of RCC, thus storm water enter the chamber restricting solid waste and silting by providing an overflow mechanism.Thus the storm water is conveyed in the closed pipe along with sullage to be directed to the canal. This system is proposed to reduce the external interaction with the drain, provides increased velocity of flow, prevents wastes entering the canal by installation of this system. Cost estimated concludes the project to be on an economical side comparing cost to reconstruction of the drain.

Our project focuses to develop assessment method by using Inverse distance weighting (IDW) which helps to know the extent and distribution of air pollution in the state, Kerala. The trend of pollution before and after lockdown is done primarily focusing on concentrations PM2.5 , PM10 & NO2 , health risk analysis due to pollutants and risk communication.

"An event of prolonged shortage in supply of water is called drought. It is considered to be a weather event with severe economic implications after hurricanes. Altered weather patterns, climate change, fluctuating ocean and land temperatures, reduced soil moisture, deforestation, soil degradation and other man made interventions are the predominant reasons for drought events. This study examines the intensity of drought in Kannur district of Kerala, India. With an increase in population density and improper urbanization activities in place, human interventions are considered to be one of the primary causes of drought events in the district. Uneven rainfall patterns over the past 10 years have helped intensify the scenario for the worst. It eventually leads to decrease in available water which results in disappearance of wetlands, groundwater depletion and impact on water quality. Drought causes significant yield reductions both for rain fed and irrigated crops. Agriculture in Kannur district of Kerala, India is the worst affected by drought events. One of the other primary causes of droughts in Kannur district of Kerala is improper use of available water. Irrigation water is either over supplied or under supplied in most cultivable areas. Our study will focus on identifying such areas by creating a drought intensity map. Inorder to overcome this drought, mitigation measures such as SCADA could be proposed. This could be an effective mitigation measure in managing water and improving crop productivity in affected areas of the district.In order to achieve water management, one should know the water requirement of various crops. For that, CROPWAT 8.0 is used.Our project field has two crops Banana and sugarcane .All the data obtained from CROPWAT 8.0 are loaded into the SCADA software. Moisture sensors placed in each field measures the moisture content and this value gets displays in the SCADA software through PLC.This SCADA then compares with the already set point and gives commands to PLC. PLC then gives signals to motor/controlling valve for operation.Thus to overcome drought condition in Kannur ,SCADA could be used as a mitigation measure ensuring better distribuition ,water utilisation and water savings"