All the technologies we have just discussed are named for the protocols behind them.
A network protocol is a set of rules and conventions that governs how devices communicate and exchange data over a computer network. It defines the format sequence and meaning of the messages exchanged between devices, as well as the actions to be taken at each step of the communication process.
Even though there are independent protocols for each medium, there are Key Features of a network protocol.
Message Format
Handshaking and connection establishment
Flow Protocol
Security
Addressing
Error Detection and correction
Routing