Phonemic awareness: understanding that sounds work together to make words by recognizing sounds, rhyming, blending, segmenting, and counting syllables in spoken words

Phonics: learning letter sounds of the alphabet and using these sounds to read words, sentences, and decodable text

Spelling: encoding (spell) words with letters and sounds taught

Words to Know: using high-frequency words and environmental vocabulary

CAP: understanding the organization and basic features of print

Comprehension: comprehending basic literary and informative text

Writing: forming letters, sentences, and writing basic literary, informative, and opinion texts

Language: using basic grammar, punctuation, vocabulary skills

Phonemic awareness: understanding that sounds work together to make words by isolating letter pattern sounds, identifying long and short vowels, blending, and segmenting spoken words

Phonics: learning letter patterns and using these patterns and their sounds to read words, sentences, and text

Spelling: encoding (spell) words with letter patterns taught

Words to Know: using high-frequency words

Comprehension: comprehending literary and informative text

Writing: forming letters and writing literary, informative, and opinion texts

Language: using grammar, punctuation, structural analysis, and vocabulary skills

Phonics: decoding using phonetic and letter patterns to read words, sentences, and text to become a fluent reader

Spelling: encoding (spell) words using phonetic and letter patterns taught

Words to Know: using high-frequency words

Comprehension: using fluency and comprehension skills for reading literary and informative text

Writing: using handwriting skills and writing literary, informative, and opinion texts

Language: using grammar, punctuation, structural analysis, and vocabulary skills