The Swiss tech startup FinalSpark has launched a groundbreaking system that uses living neurons to perform computations, marking a significant departure from traditional silicon-based chips. This innovative approach is known as biocomputing, which leverages biological components for computational purposes.

What is Bio-Computing?

Biocomputing is an emerging and interdisciplinary field that combines biology and computer technology. It involves using biologically derived molecules, such as DNA and proteins, to perform digital or real computations. This field is still being defined, and as with any new technology, it takes time to establish a globally accepted definition and understanding.

For a high-level understanding, Wikipedia defines biological computers as systems that use biologically derived molecules to perform computations.

How Does It Work?

According to FinalSpark, the "brain cells" that make up this living computer are obtained by cultivating and organizing human brain cells into structures known as organoids. These organoids are clusters of brain cells that mimic the structure and function of the human brain.

FinalSpark's system, known as the Neuroplatform, connects these organoids to electrodes that can both stimulate and record neural activity. The platform uses a microfluidic system to supply water and nutrients to the cells, ensuring their viability. This setup allows the brain cells to process information and learn, similar to how traditional computers operate but with significantly lower energy consumption.

Advantages of Bio-Computing

1. Energy Efficiency**: Biocomputers consume far less power than traditional digital processors. For example, training a large language model like GPT-3 requires about 10 gigawatt hours of energy, whereas the human brain operates its 86 billion neurons using just 0.3 kilowatt hours per day.

2. Advanced Learning Capabilities: The use of living neurons allows for more advanced learning and processing capabilities, potentially surpassing the limitations of silicon-based chips.

3. Environmental Impact: Reduced energy consumption translates to a lower environmental impact, making biocomputing a more sustainable option for future technologies.

Conclusion

FinalSpark's launch of the world's first living computer represents a significant milestone in the field of biocomputing. By harnessing the power of living neurons, this technology promises to revolutionize how we approach computation, offering a more energy-efficient and advanced alternative to traditional silicon-based systems.