FYDP-G18-B2019
FYDP-G18-B2019
Embedded Files
Abstract
This report provides an analysis of the challenges faced by Pakistan State Oil's Kemari Terminal C (KT-C) regarding the fuel distribution of HSD and petrol to Interior Sindh. The loading gantry present at KT-C is not fully functional due to a lack of space for turning long tank lorries, an outdated gantry design and a lack of fall protection for operators working at high elevations.
The primary objective of this project is to develop a solution that caters to the demands of the oil and gas industries, ensuring efficient product movement and a reduction in operational costs associated with the project. To achieve this, the report outlines the following aims and objectives:
The approach of the project is divided into three main phases, starting with data gathering from the industrial project site, followed by the design phase, which will involve designing the layout plan for tank lorry movement, the steel gantry structure, development of P&IDs and new pipeline system for proposed gantry design. Finally, the last phase will involve analyzing the designs using software tools, and then revising the designs and making changes as necessary.
The report provides a detailed analysis of the current situation, outlining the issues and their impact on the fuel distribution process. It then describes the proposed solution and the methodology used to achieve it. The report concludes that the proposed solution will help to ensure the safe and efficient operation of the KT-C loading gantry, enabling it to meet the demands of the oil and gas industries while reducing operational costs.
This report provides an analysis of the challenges faced by Pakistan State Oil's Kemari Terminal C (KT-C) regarding the fuel distribution of HSD and petrol to Interior Sindh. The loading gantry present at KT-C is not fully functional due to a lack of space for turning long tank lorries, an outdated gantry design and a lack of fall protection for operators working at high elevations.
The primary objective of this project is to develop a solution that caters to the demands of the oil and gas industries, ensuring efficient product movement and a reduction in operational costs associated with the project. To achieve this, the report outlines the following aims and objectives:
- Development of Tank Truck Radius/Movement
- Design of Steel Structure Loading Gantry
- Development of proposed P&IDs based on revised PSO requirements.
- Hydraulic Analysis and Stress Analysis of the proposed pipeline system.
The approach of the project is divided into three main phases, starting with data gathering from the industrial project site, followed by the design phase, which will involve designing the layout plan for tank lorry movement, the steel gantry structure, development of P&IDs and new pipeline system for proposed gantry design. Finally, the last phase will involve analyzing the designs using software tools, and then revising the designs and making changes as necessary.
The report provides a detailed analysis of the current situation, outlining the issues and their impact on the fuel distribution process. It then describes the proposed solution and the methodology used to achieve it. The report concludes that the proposed solution will help to ensure the safe and efficient operation of the KT-C loading gantry, enabling it to meet the demands of the oil and gas industries while reducing operational costs.
FYDP-G58-B2019
FYDP-G58-B2019
Abstract
Pakistan has been facing a severe energy crisis for several years, which has adversely affected the lives of the people and the development of the country. The shortage of energy, especially electricity and natural gas, has led to a decline in the industrial sector and affected the transportation and domestic sectors as well. The supply-demand gap becomes more severe during the summer seasons, and the cost of electricity production has increased enormously, affecting domestic consumers and commercial users economically. In response, there has been a growing interest in renewable energy sources such as solar power, particularly for electric vehicle charging, which has gained significant popularity in recent times. This project aims to utilize solar energy to design a solar-powered canopy for the NED University car parking to provide sustainable energy for charging electric vehicles.
The methodology of this project involves the technical, economic feasibility and environment analysis of a solar powered carport designed for the charging of electric vehicles. Technical analysis will include energy analysis, PV array sizing and battery sizing. For simulation and FE analysis, the software of SolidWorks will be used. Also, for shading analysis, PV*SOL software will be used. In economic analysis, feasibility of the project will be determined by calculating important economic parameters such as net present value (NPV), life cycle cost (LCC), levelized cost of electricity (LCOE), and simple payback period (SPP). The project will also include the environmental analysis for carbon mitigation.
The findings of the project would be that utilizing solar energy for electric vehicle charging through a solar-powered canopy is a sustainable and efficient way to address the energy crisis in Pakistan. The solar-powered EV charging stations can reduce the dependency on fossil fuels and help in reducing carbon emissions, contributing to the government's efforts towards clean energy and reducing the carbon footprint of the transportation sector. Furthermore, this project serves to showcase the viability of harnessing solar energy for electric vehicle (EV) charging in public areas, thereby promoting the widespread adoption of electric vehicles throughout Pakistan. The successful implementation of solar-powered EV charging stations has the potential to contribute substantially to the growth of the renewable energy sector in the country, aligning with the objective of attaining energy security and sustainability.
The energy crisis in Pakistan has adversely affected the country's development and people's lives. The shortage of energy, especially electricity and natural gas, has led to a decline in the industrial sector and affected the transportation and domestic sectors as well. However, the growing interest in renewable energy sources such as solar power, particularly for electric vehicle charging, has provided a sustainable and efficient way to address this crisis. This project has focused on utilizing solar energy for the charging of EVs through a solar-powered canopy designed for the NED University car parking. The technical, economic feasibility, and environmental analysis of the project have shown that utilizing solar energy for electric vehicle charging is a sustainable and efficient solution. Indeed, the project's primary aim is to establish the practicality of utilizing solar energy for electric vehicle charging in public areas, with the overarching goal of fostering the widespread adoption of electric vehicles across Pakistan. Additionally, the successful deployment of solar-powered EV charging stations has the potential to create a substantial impetus for the growth and advancement of the renewable energy sector in the country, ultimately contributing to the realization of energy security and sustainability objectives.
Pakistan has been facing a severe energy crisis for several years, which has adversely affected the lives of the people and the development of the country. The shortage of energy, especially electricity and natural gas, has led to a decline in the industrial sector and affected the transportation and domestic sectors as well. The supply-demand gap becomes more severe during the summer seasons, and the cost of electricity production has increased enormously, affecting domestic consumers and commercial users economically. In response, there has been a growing interest in renewable energy sources such as solar power, particularly for electric vehicle charging, which has gained significant popularity in recent times. This project aims to utilize solar energy to design a solar-powered canopy for the NED University car parking to provide sustainable energy for charging electric vehicles.
The methodology of this project involves the technical, economic feasibility and environment analysis of a solar powered carport designed for the charging of electric vehicles. Technical analysis will include energy analysis, PV array sizing and battery sizing. For simulation and FE analysis, the software of SolidWorks will be used. Also, for shading analysis, PV*SOL software will be used. In economic analysis, feasibility of the project will be determined by calculating important economic parameters such as net present value (NPV), life cycle cost (LCC), levelized cost of electricity (LCOE), and simple payback period (SPP). The project will also include the environmental analysis for carbon mitigation.
The findings of the project would be that utilizing solar energy for electric vehicle charging through a solar-powered canopy is a sustainable and efficient way to address the energy crisis in Pakistan. The solar-powered EV charging stations can reduce the dependency on fossil fuels and help in reducing carbon emissions, contributing to the government's efforts towards clean energy and reducing the carbon footprint of the transportation sector. Furthermore, this project serves to showcase the viability of harnessing solar energy for electric vehicle (EV) charging in public areas, thereby promoting the widespread adoption of electric vehicles throughout Pakistan. The successful implementation of solar-powered EV charging stations has the potential to contribute substantially to the growth of the renewable energy sector in the country, aligning with the objective of attaining energy security and sustainability.
The energy crisis in Pakistan has adversely affected the country's development and people's lives. The shortage of energy, especially electricity and natural gas, has led to a decline in the industrial sector and affected the transportation and domestic sectors as well. However, the growing interest in renewable energy sources such as solar power, particularly for electric vehicle charging, has provided a sustainable and efficient way to address this crisis. This project has focused on utilizing solar energy for the charging of EVs through a solar-powered canopy designed for the NED University car parking. The technical, economic feasibility, and environmental analysis of the project have shown that utilizing solar energy for electric vehicle charging is a sustainable and efficient solution. Indeed, the project's primary aim is to establish the practicality of utilizing solar energy for electric vehicle charging in public areas, with the overarching goal of fostering the widespread adoption of electric vehicles across Pakistan. Additionally, the successful deployment of solar-powered EV charging stations has the potential to create a substantial impetus for the growth and advancement of the renewable energy sector in the country, ultimately contributing to the realization of energy security and sustainability objectives.
FYDP-G63-B2019
FYDP-G63-B2019
Abstract
Solar¬-Energy is a popular and clean source of renewable energies used to generate electricity, and accurate solar power forecasting is becoming increasingly important. The proposed ANN model would be compared to a mathematical equation to test its efficiency and reliability. The goal of this project is developing an ANN model that can accurately predict the power output of PV systems, which are highly dependent on environmental conditions and unpredictable in nature. Factors such as irradiance, humidity, PV surface temperature, and wind speed can all affect power output. Accurate solar power forecasting is essential for effective electric grid planning. The study aimed to develop a solar power forecast module that could be used in optimized Energy Management Systems (EMS). The prediction module uses different machine learning models which include recurrent neural networks and convolutional neural networks, to forecast power output for short and very short prediction horizons. The developed module can be used in EMS to optimize system performance and can also be used directly by users for further analysis. Future research could improve the accuracy of the prediction module by enhancing its architecture.
Solar¬-Energy is a popular and clean source of renewable energies used to generate electricity, and accurate solar power forecasting is becoming increasingly important. The proposed ANN model would be compared to a mathematical equation to test its efficiency and reliability. The goal of this project is developing an ANN model that can accurately predict the power output of PV systems, which are highly dependent on environmental conditions and unpredictable in nature. Factors such as irradiance, humidity, PV surface temperature, and wind speed can all affect power output. Accurate solar power forecasting is essential for effective electric grid planning. The study aimed to develop a solar power forecast module that could be used in optimized Energy Management Systems (EMS). The prediction module uses different machine learning models which include recurrent neural networks and convolutional neural networks, to forecast power output for short and very short prediction horizons. The developed module can be used in EMS to optimize system performance and can also be used directly by users for further analysis. Future research could improve the accuracy of the prediction module by enhancing its architecture.
FYDP-G14-B2018
FYDP-G14-B2018
Abstract
Pakistan is facing a very serious energy crisis, which not only affects the normal lives of the people but also creates obstacles in the development and progress of the country. Pakistan’s industry is in decline due to the shortage of energy in the form of electricity, natural gas and transport and domestic sectors are also victims of this crisis. All the major sectors such as the industry, transport, domestic, and power generation sectors are demanding more and more energy to run continuously. This supply demand gap becomes more and more severe during the summer seasons. Similarly, the majority of automobile vehicles in Pakistan operate on fossil fuels. In recent times, increments in petroleum product prices have affected domestic consumers and commercial users economically in terms of affordability.
Fossil fuel resources of the world are declining with the passage of time. Moreover, the utilization of fossil fuels also has a harmful impact on the environment. Due to such reasons, researchers and investors have diverted their interest toward renewable sources of energy. Solar energy is one of the most widely available resources in Pakistan. Electric vehicles have gained significant popularity in recent times, this project aims to utilize solar energy for charging electric vehicles which is the future of automobiles not only in Pakistan but across the globe as well.
The vision of utilizing university parking for charging electric vehicles can be beneficial for not only university students and teachers but for outsiders as well, as we will be providing a cheaper option as compared to other electric vehicle charging stations. We also aim to create awareness about EVs so as to build new charging stations and reduce pollution created by normal vehicles.
The methodology of this project involves the technical and economic feasibility analysis of a solar powered carport designed for the charging of electric vehicles. It also includes environmental analysis for the maintenance of a sustainable environment and cost-effective methods to produce clean energy at the lowest possible cost. For simulation and FE analysis, the software of SolidWorks will be used. Also, for shading analysis, PV*SOL software will be used. Further, the project concludes that a solar PV carport having a 1-degree tilt angle is suitable for EV charging. The levelized cost of electricity to charge EVs is found to be 0.0614 USD/kWh which is less than the tariff set by NEPRA. Also, the simple payback period of the project is less than 10 years.
Pakistan is facing a very serious energy crisis, which not only affects the normal lives of the people but also creates obstacles in the development and progress of the country. Pakistan’s industry is in decline due to the shortage of energy in the form of electricity, natural gas and transport and domestic sectors are also victims of this crisis. All the major sectors such as the industry, transport, domestic, and power generation sectors are demanding more and more energy to run continuously. This supply demand gap becomes more and more severe during the summer seasons. Similarly, the majority of automobile vehicles in Pakistan operate on fossil fuels. In recent times, increments in petroleum product prices have affected domestic consumers and commercial users economically in terms of affordability.
Fossil fuel resources of the world are declining with the passage of time. Moreover, the utilization of fossil fuels also has a harmful impact on the environment. Due to such reasons, researchers and investors have diverted their interest toward renewable sources of energy. Solar energy is one of the most widely available resources in Pakistan. Electric vehicles have gained significant popularity in recent times, this project aims to utilize solar energy for charging electric vehicles which is the future of automobiles not only in Pakistan but across the globe as well.
The vision of utilizing university parking for charging electric vehicles can be beneficial for not only university students and teachers but for outsiders as well, as we will be providing a cheaper option as compared to other electric vehicle charging stations. We also aim to create awareness about EVs so as to build new charging stations and reduce pollution created by normal vehicles.
The methodology of this project involves the technical and economic feasibility analysis of a solar powered carport designed for the charging of electric vehicles. It also includes environmental analysis for the maintenance of a sustainable environment and cost-effective methods to produce clean energy at the lowest possible cost. For simulation and FE analysis, the software of SolidWorks will be used. Also, for shading analysis, PV*SOL software will be used. Further, the project concludes that a solar PV carport having a 1-degree tilt angle is suitable for EV charging. The levelized cost of electricity to charge EVs is found to be 0.0614 USD/kWh which is less than the tariff set by NEPRA. Also, the simple payback period of the project is less than 10 years.
FYDP-G52-B2018
FYDP-G52-B2018
Abstract
Pakistan has been striving through old energy crisis over the last decade. Being the engineers, we should come up with solutions that would help in reducing problems caused by the crisis. As we know fossil fuel is ultimately expendable and comes with several problems, the focus must be directed towards renewable and sustainable energy sources. Pakistan has always relied on fossil fuels for electricity generation. Pakistan has enormous potential for solar energy. Harnessing the solar energy using PV system has a increasing trend in Pakistan therefore, the most economic designing and study for changes in electricity generation due to climatically changes is essential. Pakistan’s industry is in decline due to the shortage of energy in the form of electricity, natural gas, and transport and domestic sectors are also victims of this crisis. All the major sectors such as the industry, transport, domestic, and power generation sectors are demanding more and more energy to run continuously. This supply demand gap becomes more and more severe in the summer seasons. Today, electricity production costs have increased enormously in Pakistan and this is affecting domestic consumers and commercial users economically in terms of affordability.
This project aims to provide a solution to the energy crisis of Pakistan. Renewable energy such as solar energy is a viable solution to the energy crisis. Moreover, it will produce clean/green energy as far as environmental point of view in concerned. In recent times, Rooftop Grid Tied PV systems have gained popularity in Pakistan.
The methodology of this project involves technical, economic, environmental and sensitivity analysis of 10 kW residential solar PV system. HOMER is used for technical and economic analysis of residential PV system. Shading analysis is carried out using PV*SOL. With only less than 5 years of payback period, the system will not only generate enough electricity for household load but will generate excessive electricity which will be sold to utility company during winters.
Pakistan has been striving through old energy crisis over the last decade. Being the engineers, we should come up with solutions that would help in reducing problems caused by the crisis. As we know fossil fuel is ultimately expendable and comes with several problems, the focus must be directed towards renewable and sustainable energy sources. Pakistan has always relied on fossil fuels for electricity generation. Pakistan has enormous potential for solar energy. Harnessing the solar energy using PV system has a increasing trend in Pakistan therefore, the most economic designing and study for changes in electricity generation due to climatically changes is essential. Pakistan’s industry is in decline due to the shortage of energy in the form of electricity, natural gas, and transport and domestic sectors are also victims of this crisis. All the major sectors such as the industry, transport, domestic, and power generation sectors are demanding more and more energy to run continuously. This supply demand gap becomes more and more severe in the summer seasons. Today, electricity production costs have increased enormously in Pakistan and this is affecting domestic consumers and commercial users economically in terms of affordability.
This project aims to provide a solution to the energy crisis of Pakistan. Renewable energy such as solar energy is a viable solution to the energy crisis. Moreover, it will produce clean/green energy as far as environmental point of view in concerned. In recent times, Rooftop Grid Tied PV systems have gained popularity in Pakistan.
The methodology of this project involves technical, economic, environmental and sensitivity analysis of 10 kW residential solar PV system. HOMER is used for technical and economic analysis of residential PV system. Shading analysis is carried out using PV*SOL. With only less than 5 years of payback period, the system will not only generate enough electricity for household load but will generate excessive electricity which will be sold to utility company during winters.
FYDP-G04-B2017
FYDP-G04-B2017
Abstract
The following document is a project report which includes the detailed design analysis for HVAC system of a workshop building located at Korangi Town Gas Turbine Power Station (KTGTPS) K-Electric, as per the ASHRAE standards. Initial chapters of the report include the requirement of HVAC system and the purpose of designing. Later in the initial section a detailed literature regarding the HVAC systems is presented, that was studied to complete the designing of the HVAC system. The floor plan for the building is designed on AutoCAD. Cooling load estimation was done using HAP (Hourly Analysis Program) and then the results are validated using manual, hand-based calculations via CLTD (Cooling Load Temperature Difference) method. The report further incorporates a numerical analysis section for the diffuser selection including the principles of diffuser selection. Detailed ducting layout has been presented along with the sizing of ducts and the external static pressure of the ducting network. Fresh air requirements for the building space have been calculated and specified according to ASHRAE 62.1 standards. Packaged Rooftop unit is selected for providing necessary supply air to the building. Cost estimation of the packaged RTU along with the entire essentials of the system was made.
The following document is a project report which includes the detailed design analysis for HVAC system of a workshop building located at Korangi Town Gas Turbine Power Station (KTGTPS) K-Electric, as per the ASHRAE standards. Initial chapters of the report include the requirement of HVAC system and the purpose of designing. Later in the initial section a detailed literature regarding the HVAC systems is presented, that was studied to complete the designing of the HVAC system. The floor plan for the building is designed on AutoCAD. Cooling load estimation was done using HAP (Hourly Analysis Program) and then the results are validated using manual, hand-based calculations via CLTD (Cooling Load Temperature Difference) method. The report further incorporates a numerical analysis section for the diffuser selection including the principles of diffuser selection. Detailed ducting layout has been presented along with the sizing of ducts and the external static pressure of the ducting network. Fresh air requirements for the building space have been calculated and specified according to ASHRAE 62.1 standards. Packaged Rooftop unit is selected for providing necessary supply air to the building. Cost estimation of the packaged RTU along with the entire essentials of the system was made.
FYDP-G21-B2017
FYDP-G21-B2017
Abstract
Many researchers have studied, experimented, and investigated ways to enhance the heat transfer in helical tube exchangers. The reason is that helical coiled exchangers are using in a wide range of industrial operation all over the world because of its great heat transfer efficiency and compact size and the fluid flowing through the helical tube has additional benefits over straight tubes. This design of exchanger can benefit from nanofluids, which provides the excellent thermal performance. In this work, a helically coiled exchanger is using to investigate different nanofluids effects on the characteristics of heat transfer to improve the coefficients of heat transfer as well as the experimental model’s net heat transfer, i.e., based on numerical simulations. Throughout this study, there are five different nanofluids are used in the shell and tube sides respectively i.e., CuO/water, Al2O3/water, SiO2/water, TiO2/water, and ZnO/water, with volume fractions ranging from 1% to 5%, while the shell and tube’s mass flow rates are kept constant at 0.019 kg/s and 0.016 kg/s, respectively. So, we have looked for correlations for Al2O3/water, SiO2/water, CuO/water, ZnO/water, and TiO2/water nanofluid characteristics in research journals and created the model in ANSYS WORKBENCH 2021, afterwards meshing it and solving it in ANSYS Fluent solver for various nanofluid concentrations. The base fluid is water in both the situations, with the hot fluid that flows through helical coil and the cold fluid flows through shell in a counterflow manner, using the tube material i.e., Copper. The physics monitoring equations such as mass momentum and energy are solved utilising viscous laminar model because of its Reynolds number. The temperature results are validated for the experimental results that are referred to, and the heat transfer values are plotted. The results of using above mentioned different nanoparticles shows that when using higher particle volume concentration nanofluids on the side of tube, the coefficient of heat transfer and the net heat transfer found to be high. When using higher particle volume concentration nanofluids on the side of shell, however, the coefficient of heat transfer coefficient and the net heat transfer found to be low. Among the five nanofluids, the overall coefficient of heat transfer and the net heat transfer increased the most in Al2O3/water nanofluids, while the coefficient of heat transfer and the net heat transfer found to be the lowest in SiO2/water nanofluids. According to the findings, for helically coiled heat exchangers, Al2O3/water nanofluids have the highest efficiency of heat transfer.
FYDP-G63-B2017
FYDP-G63-B2017
Abstract
Electricity plays an essential role in the socio-economic growth and social prosperity of any country. As it is to be considered as the basic need for human development. And it has been observed that Pakistan is in a state of crisis when it comes to electricity generation for decades. In the year 2012-2015, the electricity crisis increases 3% per year. Pakistan is relatively dependent on fossil fuels for its electricity production. As fossil fuel prices rise, the cost of oil imports is reducing Pakistan's foreign exchange reserves. The growing demand for uninterrupted energy is creating further pressure on Pakistan's already fragile electricity grid.
In order to overcome such a crisis for our beloved country, we aim to utilize renewable energy (wind energy). As we want to design the vertical axis wind turbine to an extent where it can be utilized in urban populated areas. Our main target for such work is the populated areas of Pakistan where wind's speed is much shorter as compared to its coastal areas due to friction and such. vertical axis wind turbine has the major advantage of operating independently of wind direction for urban applications. The average wind speed of Karachi and Hyderabad is about 10.8 mph and 10.0 mph respectively with variations all over the year. Such speed is not enough to make for the shortage we are facing. So, by using the alternator that has the stator with permanent magnets, Copper wire coils, and the rotor with permanent magnets. The changing magnetic flux due to a rotation induces an alternating current the electricity would be generated. Hence by introducing the magnetic levitation phenomenon we would overcome the shortage of wind speed in urban cities.
For that we made a design of VAWT (NACA 0018, H-Darrius) on fusion 360 software and perform the Static and Dynamic analysis. For dynamic analysis we tested our design on Q-blade software considering various conditions. From Q-blade analysis we obtained that our design was extracting 210 watts power at 6.47m/s and the cut-in speed was 2.5 m/s.
An FEA analysis is conducted to determine the various factors affecting the vertical axis wind turbine such as stress, strain, safety factor and the structure's strength to resist deformation in an extreme condition (stormy conditions) of wind speed reaches up to 20m/s. In such conditions the possible structural deformation was 4mm. And the overall safety factor is 1.706. Keeping in mind the weather condition of karachi, and as the history suggests the maximum wind speed in karachi has reached 20m/s only once. As a result, wind turbine can withstand the extreme conditions without taking any damage.
Electricity plays an essential role in the socio-economic growth and social prosperity of any country. As it is to be considered as the basic need for human development. And it has been observed that Pakistan is in a state of crisis when it comes to electricity generation for decades. In the year 2012-2015, the electricity crisis increases 3% per year. Pakistan is relatively dependent on fossil fuels for its electricity production. As fossil fuel prices rise, the cost of oil imports is reducing Pakistan's foreign exchange reserves. The growing demand for uninterrupted energy is creating further pressure on Pakistan's already fragile electricity grid.
In order to overcome such a crisis for our beloved country, we aim to utilize renewable energy (wind energy). As we want to design the vertical axis wind turbine to an extent where it can be utilized in urban populated areas. Our main target for such work is the populated areas of Pakistan where wind's speed is much shorter as compared to its coastal areas due to friction and such. vertical axis wind turbine has the major advantage of operating independently of wind direction for urban applications. The average wind speed of Karachi and Hyderabad is about 10.8 mph and 10.0 mph respectively with variations all over the year. Such speed is not enough to make for the shortage we are facing. So, by using the alternator that has the stator with permanent magnets, Copper wire coils, and the rotor with permanent magnets. The changing magnetic flux due to a rotation induces an alternating current the electricity would be generated. Hence by introducing the magnetic levitation phenomenon we would overcome the shortage of wind speed in urban cities.
For that we made a design of VAWT (NACA 0018, H-Darrius) on fusion 360 software and perform the Static and Dynamic analysis. For dynamic analysis we tested our design on Q-blade software considering various conditions. From Q-blade analysis we obtained that our design was extracting 210 watts power at 6.47m/s and the cut-in speed was 2.5 m/s.
An FEA analysis is conducted to determine the various factors affecting the vertical axis wind turbine such as stress, strain, safety factor and the structure's strength to resist deformation in an extreme condition (stormy conditions) of wind speed reaches up to 20m/s. In such conditions the possible structural deformation was 4mm. And the overall safety factor is 1.706. Keeping in mind the weather condition of karachi, and as the history suggests the maximum wind speed in karachi has reached 20m/s only once. As a result, wind turbine can withstand the extreme conditions without taking any damage.
FYDP-G47-B2016
FYDP-G47-B2016
Abstract
The main objective of our project as mentioned in the project title was to design the HVAC ducting system for the proposed G+1+R Latifa Hospital Extension works (MRI and ICU Department) located in Dubai, U.A.E. Key points mentioned below will describe the flow of the project.
AutoCAD is used to enhance our designing skills and obtaining certain data which includes Area Markup, zoning, calculating physical dimensions of our plan, Diffuser placement, diffuser sizing and ducting. Ducting layout will be designed by using Single line command and it also helps us to make different zones. Duct sizing is done by using McQuay Duct sizer software, it enhances our software skills more; no further manual calculations are required.
Minimum value of fresh air is calculated for each and every room present on ground floor and first floor by using ASHRAE Standard 62.1 and ASHRAE Standard 170, only simple formulas are used. These calculations are basically helpful in the selection of best/exact fan for AHU, FCU and FAHU etc. according to our data and requirements.
The main objective of our project as mentioned in the project title was to design the HVAC ducting system for the proposed G+1+R Latifa Hospital Extension works (MRI and ICU Department) located in Dubai, U.A.E. Key points mentioned below will describe the flow of the project.
AutoCAD is used to enhance our designing skills and obtaining certain data which includes Area Markup, zoning, calculating physical dimensions of our plan, Diffuser placement, diffuser sizing and ducting. Ducting layout will be designed by using Single line command and it also helps us to make different zones. Duct sizing is done by using McQuay Duct sizer software, it enhances our software skills more; no further manual calculations are required.
Minimum value of fresh air is calculated for each and every room present on ground floor and first floor by using ASHRAE Standard 62.1 and ASHRAE Standard 170, only simple formulas are used. These calculations are basically helpful in the selection of best/exact fan for AHU, FCU and FAHU etc. according to our data and requirements.
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