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Digraphs
Digraphs are 2 consonants that go together and make a completely new sound. For example sh doesn't say "suh huh" it said "shhhh". The digraphs we will be learning about in 1st grade are sh, ch, th (voiced and unvoiced), and wh)
Sammy Rule / Floss rule
The Sammy rule follows the 1-1-1 rule. The 1-1-1 rule states if a word has 1 syllable (one clap), one short vowel, and ends with a sound made by s, l, f, or z, you need to double the final consonant. We use the expression "FLOSS rule" or "Sammy Rule" to help us remember this rule.
Sammy- SS
Loves - LL
Friendly- FF
Zebras- ZZ
Examples: hiss, fizz, yell, huff
Compound Words
A compound word is made up of 2 smaller words. Currently, we are only using compound words that students can sound out each syllable (CVC ords or CCVC words)
When students sound these words out, they should be sounding out both words separately. In class, they use a hand on their desk to pound the syllables and tap the sounds. Compound words will get 2 pounds (bathtub- pound for bath, pound for tub) them students individially sound out each words by tapping a finger (bath- b-a-th, tub- t-u-b)
Open and Closed Syllables and Syllable Division
Concept 36- R Blends
a blend is a combination of two or more consonants that are placed together to form a single sound.
You can hear both letter sounds in the blend, which is different than a digraph. This week, all blends will have an r as the second letter
The r blends are br, dr, tr, cr, gr, and fr
Example/ brag, drag, trap, frog, grass, crib
Concept 36- R Blends
a blend is a combination of two or more consonants that are placed together to form a single sound.
You can hear both letter sounds in the blend, which is different than a digraph. This week, all blends will have an l as the second letter
The r blends are bl, cl, fl, sl, and gl
Example/ black, clip, flag, slug, glad
Concept 37- S Blends
a blend is a combination of two or more consonants that are placed together to form a single sound.
You can hear both letter sounds in the blend, which is different than a digraph. This week, all blends will have an l as the second letter
The S blends are sc, sk, sm, sn, sp,
Example/ scab, skit, smell, snap, spin
ALSO NOTE!
We use Sc and Sk in different situations!
According to the cat/ kite rule below (students have been discussing this since September) sc is used with vowels a, o, and u. sk is used with vowels i and e.
Concept 38- W blends
a blend is a combination of two or more consonants that are placed together to form a single sound.
You can hear both letter sounds in the blend, which is different than a digraph. This week, all blends will have an w as the second letter
The W blends are dw, tw, sw
Example/ twin, dwell, swell
Concept 38- Ending T Blends
a blend is a combination of two or more consonants that are placed together to form a single sound.
You can hear both letter sounds in the blend, which is different than a digraph. This week, all blends will have an t at the END of the blend. Students will need tro listen for beginning blends, and end blends
The ending T Blends are -ct, -ft, -lt, -nt,-pt,-st,-xt
Example/ chant, act, craft, trust, felt, text
Concept 38- Ending L Blends
a blend is a combination of two or more consonants that are placed together to form a single sound.
You can hear both letter sounds in the blend, which is different than a digraph. This week, all blends will have an 'L' at the beginning of the blend. Students will need to listen for beginning blends, and end blends
The ending L Blends are -lf, -ld, -lk, -lp
Example/ help, hold, milk, help
Concept 38- Remaining Ending Blends
a blend is a combination of two or more consonants that are placed together to form a single sound.
You can hear both letter sounds in the blend, which is different than a digraph. Students will need to listen for beginning blends, and end blends
The remainig ending Blends are -sk, -sp, -nch, -nd, and mp
Example/ mask, clasp, bench, wind, lamp
Concept 39- Y says I
Y is a chameleon letter! As a consonant, it says the y sound. However, sometimes it makes a vowel sound, such as I or E! This week we are ONLY focusing on the y says "I" concept. Y says I at the end of an open, stresses syllable. We tell the students Y says I at the end of a one syllable word.
Example/ fry, sky, try, spy
Concept 40- -ng / -nk Units
This is a tough concept! -ng and -nk is called a Velar Nasal sound. It is formed with the lips parted and the back of your tongue against the back roof of the mouth. When teaching the -ng and -nk ending as vowel units, students identify how the vowel sounds change (become nasalized) in words such as thank and wing.
The -ng and -nk sounds are : ang, ing, ong, ung, ank, ink, onk, and unk.
Example/ fang, wing, long, lung, tank, pink, honk, trunk
Concept 41: 1-1-1 Rule -ck
We use -ck at the end of a word when it follows 3 rules.
1 syllable (1 clap)
1 short vowel
1 /k/ sound at the end of a word
Example/ rock, click, brick, flock
Concept 42: 1-1-1 Rule -tch
We use -tch at the end of a word when it follows 3 rules.
1 syllable (1 clap)
1 short vowel
1 /ch/ sound at the end of a word
Example/ hatch, match, batch
Concept 43: 1-1-1 Rule -dge
We use -tch at the end of a word when it follows 3 rules.
1 syllable (1 clap)
1 short vowel
1 /j/ sound at the end of a word
Example/ judge, fudge, fridge
Concept 44: Magic E
One of my favorites! Magic E comes at the end of a word, and uses its power to make a single consonant strong to say its name. This is a VERY important concept!
Example/ Bike, Like, Cute, Tape
Concept 45: Y says 'e'
Y is a chameleon letter that can make the sound of e or i. At the end of a 2 syllable word, y often makes the sound of e. Usually, (but not always) you need to double the consonant in the word if the vowel is making a short sound.
Example/ bunny, puppy, lucky, lazy
Concept 45: soft c and soft g
C and G have their normal "hard" sounds, but they often have soft sounds too! Soft c will make the /s/ sound, and soft g will make the /j/ sound. We see g and c making these sounds when they are before an e, i, or y. See Gentile Cindy below!
We see A LOT of magic e words with this concept so be sure to practice both! Magic e has two jobs when working on words like page and rice. 1. making the vowel long, and 2. making the letters say their soft sounds!
Example/ cage, twice, gem
Concept 51: sounds of -ed
-ed is a suffix that comes at the end of a word. -ed can make 3 differend sounds: /id/, /d/, or /t/ when at the end of a word. Stuents should remember that when any of these sounds come at the end of a word, they need to write ed!
Example/ hunted, jumped, spilled
Concept 52: vowel teams ee and ea
A vowel team are two vowels who go together to make a sound, In first grade we always say "when two vowels go walking the first one does the talking!".
ee and ea are pretty irregular, there is not a specific time where we use either or! We have taught the students that ea normally is used for "wet words" or "dinner words" and ee is used for outdoor words, but this isn't always true.
Be sure to practice the 15 words sent home for the test on Friday!
Example/ team, seek, bee, peach
Concept 52: vowel teams oa and oe
A vowel team are two vowels who go together to make a sound, In first grade we always say "when two vowels go walking the first one does the talking!".
Oa and oe both say the sound "O". We use oa in the middle and beginning of a word, and oe at the end of a word.
Example/ goat, boat, oat, toe, doe
sounds of -ing
-ing is a suffix that comes at the end of a word. When spelling these words, students need to remember to spell the BASE WORD first, then add the ending!!! This is soley just adding -ing, no following rules (no dropping I and adding -ing, etc.)
Example/ hunting, jumping, spilling
Concept 53- contractions with am, not, is, are
Students will be hearing a contraction (ie. she's) and must determine the two words used to make the contraction (she and is) and also how to spell the contraction (she's). Students need to write the apostrophe in the right spot for it to be correct. They are always crossing out the vowel in the second word, and putting the apostrophe in it's place!
Example/ there is - there's , would not- wouldn't, we are- we're
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