Week 14 - Energy (Part 1)

Introduction to Energy

Learning Target: I can explore relationships between kinetic energy, potential energy, mass, and speed and energy transformations.

Warm-Up (11/9/20)

Students will get right to work on their worksheet assignments. Mr. Shiraef will be at a conference and a substitute will be in place.

Word Wall

Kinetic Energy - The energy of motion

Potential Energy - Stored energy. The energy held by an object because of its position relative to other objects.

Mechanical Energy - The sum of the potential and kinetic energy

Mass - The quantity of matter within a body

Speed - The distance traveled per unit of time

Work - using a force to move an object

Energy - the ability to do work.

Law of conservation of energy - states that energy cannot be created or destroyed; it can only be changed from one form of energy to another.

Electrical Energy - energy transferred by an electric current (the movement of electrons or static electricity).

Sound Energy - energy transferred via sound waves and vibrating objects.

Thermal Energy - energy of an object due to its temperature caused by the internal motion of the particles.

Chemical Energy - energy stored in the bonds of atoms which is released when chemical reactions take place (example: Fuel, Food, Batteries).

Light Energy - energy transferred through waves and light particles (photons).

Kinetic Energy - energy an object possesses due to its motion.

Potential Energy - energy an object has because of its position. Also known as stored energy.

Gravitational Potential Energy - energy as a result of an object's height above the ground.

Elastic Potential Energy - energy stored when an object is squeezed, stretched, twisted, etc.

Mechanical Energy - energy of matter in motion.

Nuclear Energy - energy stored in an atom's nucleus.

Heat Transfer - The transfer of kinetic energy between two objects due to a temperature difference between the two.

Conduction - the transfer of heat by direct contact between two materials with different temperatures.

Conductors - a material through which energy can be easily transferred as heat. (Example: Metals)

Insulator - a material that is a poor energy conductor. (Example: Wood or Plastic)

Convection - the transfer of heat through movement of a fluid (liquid or gas).

Convection Current - the circular motion of the liquid or gas due to its density differences that result from temperature differences. The warmer areas of a liquid/gas expand and move farther apart, causing it to be less dense. Therefore warmer liquid/gas rises. The cooler areas of liquid/gas condense (come together), causing it to be denser. This causes cooler liquids/gases to fall or sink.

Radiation - the transfer of heat through matter or space as electromagnetic waves, such as visible light or infrared waves.

Specific Heat Capacity - defined as the amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of 1 kilogram of a substance by 1°C. It is a measure of how much heat energy a particular substance can hold.

Temperature - measures of the average kinetic energy of all the particles within an object.

Fossil Fuels - nonrenewable energy sources including coal, petroleum, and natural gas.

Geothermal Energy - energy used from tapping into the Earth's internal heat.

Hydroelectric Energy - flowing water creates energy that can be captured and turned into electricity.

Nuclear Energy - created from the splitting of uranium atoms in a process called fission. Fission releases energy that can be used to make steam, and the steam is used to power a turbine to generate electricity.

Solar Energy - light and heat energy from the sun.

Wind Energy - capturing the wind by wind turbines and turning into electricity.

Biomass - the organic matter that makes up plants is known as biomass. Biomass can be used to produce electricity, transportation fuels, or chemicals.